Insight of immune checkpoint inhibitor related myocarditis.

As the understanding of immune-related mechanisms in the development and progression of cancer advances, immunotherapies, notably Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs), have become integral in comprehensive cancer treatment strategies. ICIs reactivate T-cell cytotoxicity against tumors by blocking immune suppressive signals on T cells, such as Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Despite their beneficial effects, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), manifesting as autoimmune side effects across various organ systems.

Hydrogel-exosome system in tissue engineering: A promising therapeutic strategy.

Characterized by their pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication, cell proliferation, and immune regulation during tissue repair, exosomes have emerged as a promising avenue for "cell-free therapy" in clinical applications. Hydrogels, possessing commendable biocompatibility, degradability, adjustability, and physical properties akin to biological tissues, have also found extensive utility in tissue engineering and regenerative repair. The synergistic combination of exosomes and hydrogels holds the potential not only to enhance the efficiency of exosomes but also to collaboratively advance the tissue repair process.

Bioactive ECM-Loaded SIS Generated by the Optimized Decellularization Process Exhibits Skin Wound Healing Ability in Type I Diabetic Rats.

Patients with diabetes have 15-25% chance for developing diabetic ulcers as a severe complication and formidable challenge for clinicians. Conventional treatment for diabetic ulcers is to surgically remove the necrotic skin, clean the wound, and cover it with skin flaps. However, skin flap often has a limited efficacy, and its acquisition requires a second surgery, which may bring additional risk for the patient.

SIGIRR deficiency contributes to CD4 T cell abnormalities by facilitating the IL1/C/EBPβ/TNF-α signaling axis in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune disease with multiple etiological factors, among which aberrant memory CD4 T cells activation plays a key role in the initiation and perpetuation of the disease. SIGIRR (single immunoglobulin IL-1R-related receptor), a member of the IL-1 receptor (ILR) family, acts as a negative regulator of ILR and Toll-like receptor (TLR) downstream signaling pathways and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential roles of SIGIRR on memory CD4 T cells in RA and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms.

Saikosaponin D Alleviates DOX-induced Cardiac Injury In Vivo and In Vitro.

As a highly efficient anticancer agent, doxorubicin (DOX) is used for treatment of various cancers, but DOX-induced oxidative damages contribute to a degenerative irreversible cardiac toxicity. Saikosaponin D (SSD), which is a triterpenoid saponin with many biological activities including anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant properties, provides protection against pathologic cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. In the present study, we investigated the work of SSD for DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and the involved mechanisms.

Accelerating ESD-induced gastric ulcer healing using a pH-responsive polyurethane/small intestinal submucosa hydrogel delivered by endoscopic catheter.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment for early-stage gastric cancer, but the large post-operative ulcers caused by ESD often lead to serious side effects. Post-ESD mucosal repair materials provide a new option for the treatment of post-ESD ulcers. In this study, we developed a polyurethane/small intestinal submucosa (PU/SIS) hydrogel and investigated its efficacy for accelerating ESD-induced ulcer healing in a canine model.

Establishing Standardized Biomedical Laboratory Technician Education for the Development of Biotechnology Research in China.

Chinese scientists have been actively engaged in biotechnology research since the mid-20th century. However, biotechnology education, especially biomedical laboratory technology education, is relatively scarce in China. More and more cutting-edge equipment and techniques have been introduced into biomedical laboratories in China, but there is a lack of high-quality technicians to apply these advancements to scientific research.

Identification and characterization of two morphologically distinct stem cell subpopulations from human urine samples.

Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) have shown potentials for the treatment of skeletal and urological disorders. Based on published literature and our own data, USCs consist of heterogeneous populations of cells. In this paper, we identify and characterize two morphologically distinct subpopulations of USCs from human urine samples, named as spindle-shaped USCs (SS-USCs) and rice-shaped USCs (RS-USCs) respectively.

Collagen Hydrogel Functionalized with Collagen-Targeting IFNA2b Shows Apoptotic Activity in Nude Mice with Xenografted Tumors.

Interferon alpha 2b (IFNA2b) has been used in immunotherapy for cancers with certain success. To reduce fast diffusion of IFNA2b and consequent dose-dependent side effects, we constructed a collagen hydrogel loaded with IFNA2b fused to collagen-binding domain by using methods of tissue engineering. The fusion protein showed apoptotic activity similar to that of native IFNA2b against MCF-7 cells in vitro, but with relatively higher affinity for collagen type I.

Nanostructured titanium surfaces fabricated by hydrothermal method: Influence of alkali conditions on the osteogenic performance of implants.

Hydrothermal method is an easy-to-use approach for creating nanostructured surfaces on titanium (Ti). However, whether the alkali conditions of this method influence the osteogenic potential of the modified surfaces remains unknown. In this study, we fabricated nanostructured surfaces, termed the Ti-1, Ti-5, and Ti-10 groups, by using the hydrothermal method in 1 M, 5 M, and 10 M NaOH aqueous solutions, respectively.

Comparison of small intestinal submucosa and polypropylene mesh for abdominal wall defect repair.

Abdominal wall defects are a common medical problem, and inadequate repair methods can lead to serious complications. Abdominal wall reconstruction using autologous tissue, or non-biological, biological, or composite patches is often performed to repair defective areas. In particular, composite patches containing both polymeric and biological materials have gained increasing attention due to their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.

An experimental study of the pathogenicity of a duck hepatitis A virus genotype C isolate in specific pathogen free ducklings.

Duck hepatitis A virus genotype C (DHAV-C), recognized recently, is one of the pathogens causing fatal duck viral hepatitis in ducklings, especially in Asia. To demonstrate the pathogenesis of the DHAV-C isolate, 3-day-old specific pathogen free ducklings were inoculated subcutaneously with a DHAV-C isolate and the clinical signs were observed. Virus distribution, histological and apoptotic morphological changes of various tissues were examined at different times post inoculation.