Mass spectrometry imaging technology in metabolomics: A systematic review.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful label-free analysis technique that can provide simultaneous spatial distribution of multiple compounds in a single experiment. By combining the sensitive and rapid screening of high-throughput MS with spatial chemical information, metabolite analysis and morphological characteristics are presented in a single image. MSI can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of metabolic profiles and it can provide visual analysis of spatial distribution information of complex biological and microbial systems.

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of organic acid profiles in human serum: A protocol of direct ultrasound-assisted derivatization.

Rationale: Low-molecular-weight organic acids that generally contain one to three carboxyl groups are involved in many important biological processes; therefore, it is important to develop a quantitative method for analyzing organic acids in serum in order to allow an evaluation of metabolic changes. In this study, we evaluated a protocol for detecting 26 organic acids in serum based on ultrasound-assisted derivatization by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

Methods: Serum samples were prepared using ultrasound-assisted silane derivatization before GC/MS analysis to quantify concentrations of organic acids.

Analysis of Combined Indicators for Risk of Osteoporotic Hip Fracture in Elderly Women.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of combined independent risk factors in assessing the risk of hip fractures in elderly women.

Methods: Ninety elderly females who sustained hip fractures (including femoral neck fractures and intertrochanteric fractures) and 110 female outpatients without a hip fracture were included in our cross-sectional study from 24 November 2017 to 20 May 2019. The age of subjects in the present study was ≥65 years, with the mean age of 78.

Lactobacillus plantarum surface-displayed influenza antigens (NP-M2) with FliC flagellin stimulate generally protective immune responses against H9N2 influenza subtypes in chickens.

The H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) causes serious economic losses to the poultry industry every year. Vaccines that induce a mucosal immune response may be successful against influenza virus infection because its transmission occurs primarily in the mucosa. To develop novel and potent oral vaccines based on Lactobacillus plantarum (L.

Activity-based protein profiling reveals that secondary-carbon-centered radicals of synthetic 1,2,4-trioxolanes are predominately responsible for modification of protein targets in malaria parasites.

Endoperoxide-containing antimalarials, such as artemisinin and the synthetic trioxolane OZ439, are prodrugs activated by heme to generate primary and secondary carbon-centered radicals. We employed activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) to show that the secondary-carbon-centered radical of 1,2,4-trioxolanes is primarily responsible for protein labeling in malaria parasites.

[Nitrogen mineralization rate in different soil layers and its influence factors under plastic film mulched in Danjiangkou Reservoir area, China].

The objective of this study was to investigate the rate of nitrogen mineralization in various soil layers (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm) and its influencing factors under plastic film mulching ridge-furrow in a corn field of Wulongchi small watershed, Danjiangkou Reservoir Area. Results showed that the rate of soil ammonification decreased with soil depth during the entire maize growth period. The rate of nitrification in seedling, jointing, and heading stages decreased in the following order: 10-20 cm > 0-10 cm > 20-30 cm, while it increased with soil depth in maturation stage.

Recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum expressing HA2 antigen elicits protective immunity against H9N2 avian influenza virus in chickens.

Low pathogenic H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) can lead to moderate respiratory symptoms and low egg production rates in poultry. Due to its immunologic suppression, other various infectious pathogens give rise to the co-infection of hosts, causing heavy economic losses in the commercial poultry industry in both China and worldwide. Therefore, it is time to explore a novel, safe, and effective vaccine.

Retraction Notice: Liquid Fermentation of and Antioxidant Activity of Exopolysaccharides.

[This retracts the article on p. 224 in vol. 9.

Willingness to Pay for Measures of Managing the Health Effects of Heat Wave in Beijing, China: a Cross-sectional Survey.

Objective: There are evidences that heat wave events cause deaths and emergency cases. This article used the contingent valuation method to find the willingness to pay for the protective measures and investigated the factors that influence the willingness to pay.

Methods: A cross-sectional face-to-face household survey was completed by 637 urban long-term residents and 591 rural long-term residents aged 15-79 in Beijing, China.

Complete mitochondrial genome of strain Yu7 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of strain Yu7 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a circular molecule of 15,572 bp in length, with 37 typical coding genes and 1 non-coding A T-rich region. All protein coding genes (PCGs) start with a typical ATN initiation codon, except for the gene, which begins with TTAG codon. Nine genes used standard complete termination codon TAA, whereas the , and genes end with single T.

Liquid Fermentation of Ganoderma applanatum and Antioxidant Activity of Exopolysaccharides.

The medium composition and fermentation conditions of Ganoderma applanatum(GA) strain were optimized by the liquid shake flask fermentation, and the antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides was investigated. The results showed that the optimal conditions of the liquid fermentation of GA strain were as follows: Carbon source was corn powder, nitrogen source was soy powder, the initial pH was 6.0, the inoculum size was 8％, the fermentation temperature was 32(o)C, the fermentation time was 7 d.

UV/TiO2 photocatalytic disinfection of carbon-bacteria complexes in activated carbon-filtered water: Laboratory and pilot-scale investigation.

The occurrence of carbon-bacteria complexes in activated carbon filtered water has posed a public health problem regarding the biological safety of drinking water. The application of combined process of ultraviolet radiation and nanostructure titanium dioxide (UV/TiO2) photocatalysis for the disinfection of carbon-bacteria complexes were assessed in this study. Results showed that a 1.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Antheraea pernyi strain Yu6 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Antheraea pernyi strain Yu6 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) has been reported for the first time. It is a circular molecule of 15,569 bp in length, containing 37 typical coding genes and 1 non-coding AT-rich region. The overall composition of the mitogenome is A (39.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Bombyx mori strain Yu39 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Bombyx mori strain Yu39 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is a circular molecule of 15,652 bp in length, containing 37 typical mitochondrial genes: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs and a non-coding AT-rich region. Its gene order and arrangement are identical to the common type found in most insect mitogenomes. All PCGs start with a typical ATN codon, except for the cox1 gene, which begins with uncertained codon.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Bombyx mori strain Yu5 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Bombyx mori strain Yu5 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is a circular molecule of 15,644  bp in length, containing 37 typical coding genes and one non-coding AT-rich region. The overall composition of the mitogenome was A (43.07%), G (7.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Bombyx mori strain Jin6 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Bombyx mori strain Jin6 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) has been reported for the first time. It was a circular molecule of 15,648 bp in length, containing 37 typical coding genes and one non-coding AT-rich region. The overall composition of the mitogenome was A (43.

[Rapid determination of ractopamine content in pork by using three-dimensional synchronous fluorescence spectrum coupled with APTLD].

In order to realize the rapid determination of ractopamine content in pork, quantitative determination model of ractopamine content in pork was established by using three-dimensional synchronous fluorescence spectrum coupled with alternating penalty trilinear decomposition (APTLD). Firstly, the generation mechanism of the fluorescence spectrum for ractopamine and three-dimensional synchronous fluorescence spectrum for samples were analyzed. Secondly, concentration quenching phenomenon of fluorescence of ractopamine in pork extract was investigated.

[Rapid determination of tetracycline content in duck meat using particle swarm optimization algorithm and synchronous fluorescence spectrum].

Tetracycline under the condition of NaOH could be degraded to iso tetracycline which has strong fluorescent characteristic, and the prediction model of tetracycline contents in duck meat was developed with the combination of synchronous fluorescence spectrum, wavelet de-noising, particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) and support vector regression (SVR), and it could realize the rapid prediction of tetracycline contents in duck meat and improve the accuracy of prediction model. In the process, 70 nm was selected as the optimum wavelength difference for the determination of tetracycline contents in duck meat by using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Secondly, the db6 wavelet with 2 levels decomposition was used to reduce the noise of synchronous fluorescence spectrum, and the spectrum after wavelet de-noising was normalized, and 6 characteristic wavelengths were selected by using PSO.

Predictive and prognostic roles of ribonucleotide reductase M1 in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine: a meta-analysis.

Increasing scientific evidence suggests that ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) may be a powerful predictor of survival in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy after operative resection, but many existing studies have yielded inconclusive results. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the prognostic role of RRM1 in predicting survival in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine. An extensive literature search for relevant studies was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CBM databases from their inception through May 1st, 2013.

[Study on determination of carbaryl content in duck meat based on synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy].

For the rapid detection of carbaryl residue in duck meat, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy was used, and GA combined with SVR was used to establish regression forecasting mode for the application of forecasting carbaryl residue in duck meat. Firstly, fluorescence spectrophotometer was used to get the 3D synchronous fluorescence spectra of carbaryl hydrolysate and duck solution containing carbaryl, and 140 nm was selected as the optimum wavelength difference delta lambda; Secondly, some concentration quenching was analysed. Finally, GA was used to optimize and choose the 3D synchronous fluorescence spectra.

Early use of glucocorticoids was a risk factor for critical disease and death from pH1N1 infection.

Background: Glucocorticoids increase the risk of developing critical disease from viral infections. However, primary care practitioners in China use them as antipyretics, potentially exposing hundreds of millions to this risk.

Methods: We enrolled all patients with confirmed pandemic influenza A (pH1N1) virus infection aged ≥3 years with available medical records at 4 Shenyang City hospitals from 20 October to 30 November 2009.

[Personal protective and healthcare seeking behaviors urban residents before and during an influenza pandemic in Beijing].

Objective: To provide evidence-based recommendations to the government on strategies for reducing the impact of the imminent influenza pandemic, we conducted a survey on the personal protective and healthcare seeking behaviors of Beijing residents in the wake of the worldwide epidemic of the novel 2009 H1N1 influenza virus, and potential changes in these behaviors during a full-blown pandemic.

Methods: We used a two-stage Mitofsky-Waksberg telephone survey to collect information for Beijing residents >/= 18 years of age and weighted the sample by the census estimate of Beijing population for 2008. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information about the respondents' knowledge regarding the novel influenza virus, current personal protective and healthcare seeking behaviors during a full-blown influenza pandemic.