The Relationship between Changes in GRIT, Taekwondo Ability, and Academic Achievement of University Students Majoring in Science and Engineering and Participating in Taekwondo Class.

GRIT, which was conceptualized by the American psychologist Duckworth, was designed by grouping growth (G), resilience (R), intrinsic motivation (I), and tenacity (T), which means continuing to be patient and put in effort to achieve goals without being frustrated by adversity or failures experienced in the process of striving toward one's goals. The purpose of this study was to determine GRIT changes caused by participation of students majoring in science and engineering in taekwondo class. Effects of taekwondo ability on GRIT and academic achievement were also examined to determine structural relationships among taekwondo ability, GRIT, and academic achievement.

[Liver stiffness measurement for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis].

Background And Aims: FibroScan is a new medical device that noninvasively measures liver stiffness. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the liver stiffness measurement by FibroScan for making the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.

Methods: We studied 103 patients with chronic viral hepatitis B or C and they underwent FibroScan and liver biopsy between October 2005 and August 2006.

Preparation and properties of collagen/modified hyaluronic acid hydrogel for biomedical application.

Hydrogels composed of collagen and hyaluronic acid are types of crosslinked water-swellable polymers and possess vast potential for applications in the medical industry. Collagen (Co) is the major structural protein of connective tissues such as skin, tendon and cartilage. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a non-immunogenic, non-adhesive glycosaminoglycan that has a high water absorption property and plays significant roles in several cellular processes.