Discovery of a Unique Set of Dog-Seroreactive Proteins Using Nucleic Acid Programmable Protein Array.

Valley Fever (VF), caused by fungi in the genus , is a prevalent disease in southwestern and western parts of the United States that affects both humans and animals, such as dogs. Although the immune responses to infection with spp. are not fully characterized, antibody-detection assays are used in conjunction with clinical presentation and radiologic findings to aid in the diagnosis of VF.

Methanogens and Methanotrophs Show Nutrient-Dependent Community Assemblage Patterns Across Tropical Peatlands of the Pastaza-Marañón Basin, Peruvian Amazonia.

Tropical peatlands are globally important carbon reservoirs that play a crucial role in fluxes of atmospheric greenhouse gases. Amazon peatlands are expected to be large source of atmospheric methane (CH) emissions, however little is understood about the rates of CH flux or the microorganisms that mediate it in these environments. Here we studied a mineral nutrient gradient across peatlands in the Pastaza-Marañón Basin, the largest tropical peatland in South America, to describe CH fluxes and environmental factors that regulate species assemblages of methanogenic and methanotrophic microorganisms.

Intermittent fasting promotes adipose thermogenesis and metabolic homeostasis via VEGF-mediated alternative activation of macrophage.

Intermittent fasting (IF), a periodic energy restriction, has been shown to provide health benefits equivalent to prolonged fasting or caloric restriction. However, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IF-mediated metabolic benefits is limited. Here we show that isocaloric IF improves metabolic homeostasis against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction primarily through adipose thermogenesis in mice.

Giant Cell Tumor with Secondary Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Shows Heterogeneous Metabolic Pattern on F-FDG PET/CT: A Case Report.

Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a generally benign bone tumor accounting for approximately 5 % of all primary bone neoplasms. Cystic components in GCTs that indicate secondary aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are reported in 14 % of GCTs. Although both of them have been described separately in previous reports that may show considerable fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake despite their benign nature, the findings of GCT with secondary ABC on F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) have not been well-known.

Cavernous Hemangioma of the Rib: A Case Report.

Hemangioma of the rib is a rare benign vascular tumor. Herein, we report a 63-year-old man presenting with hemangioma of the left sixth rib. An osteolytic eccentric expansive mass with calcification and focal cortical disruption was detected on chest computed tomography (CT).

Inferior vena cava filter insertion through the popliteal vein: enabling the percutaneous endovenous intervention of deep vein thrombosis with a single venous access approach in a single session.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of placing an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter through the same popliteal vein access site used for percutaneous endovenous intervention in patients with extensive lower extremity deep vein thrombosis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 21 patients who underwent IVC filter insertion through the popliteal vein over a three-year period. Patient medical records were reviewed for the location of the deep vein thrombosis, result of filter removal, and total number of endovascular procedures needed for filter insertion and recanalization of the lower extremity venous system.

Noninvasive biomarkers for acute hepatotoxicity induced by 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol: hyperpolarized 13C dynamic MR spectroscopy.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cellular metabolite change for acute hepatotoxicity induced by 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) in rats and its correlations with the enzyme levels. In order to induce acute hepatotoxicity, a single subcutaneous injection of 1,3-DCP (80 mg/kg) was given to six male Sprague-Dawley rats. Hyperpolarized (13)C dynamic magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was performed on rat liver following injection of hyperpolarized [1-(13)C] pyruvate.

Fused 99mTc-HDP SPECT/MR imaging of reverse Hill-Sachs deformity.

Reverse Hill-Sachs deformity is a term for a linear impression fracture of the anteromedial humeral head caused by a posterior shoulder dislocation, which is an extremely rare subtype of shoulder dislocations and caused by an epileptic seizure, an electric shock or trauma. Herein, we illustrate the findings of bone pinhole study, MRI and fused SPECT/MR imaging of reverse Hill-Sachs deformity caused by posterior shoulder dislocation after motor cycle accident in a 41-year-old man.

Reduced incidence of Prevotella and other fermenters in intestinal microflora of autistic children.

High proportions of autistic children suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, implying a link between autism and abnormalities in gut microbial functions. Increasing evidence from recent high-throughput sequencing analyses indicates that disturbances in composition and diversity of gut microbiome are associated with various disease conditions. However, microbiome-level studies on autism are limited and mostly focused on pathogenic bacteria.

Cavernous hemangioma of the ilium mimicking aggressive malignant bone tumor with increased activity on (18)F-FDG PET/CT.

Osseous hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor, and it usually occurs in the vertebrae and the skull. However, hemangiomas of flat bones are rare, and there are very few reports that describe the radiologic findings of osseous hemangioma of the ilium. We report a unique case of large cavernous hemangioma mimicking a chondrogenic malignant bone tumor originated from the ilium in a 22-year-old female.

Adipose vascular endothelial growth factor regulates metabolic homeostasis through angiogenesis.

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) is highly expressed in adipose tissue. Its role, however, has not been fully elucidated. Here, we reveal the metabolic role of adipose-VEGF by studying mice with deletion (VEGF(AdΔ)) or doxycycline-inducible overexpression of a VEGF transgene (VEGF(AdTg)) in the adipose tissue.

Medullary carcinoma of the breast: MRI findings.

Objective: The objective of our study was to describe the MRI findings of medullary carcinoma of the breast and to correlate those findings with the histopathologic findings.

Materials And Methods: From January 2005 to June 2010, MR images of 15 patients (age range, 32-73 years; mean age, 50 years) with pathologically confirmed medullary carcinoma of the breast were retrospectively evaluated according to BI-RADS. MR images were reviewed for the following: enhancement type (mass vs nonmass), size, shape, margins, contrast enhancement, signal intensity, and time-intensity curve pattern on a dynamic study.

Paget disease of the breast: mammographic, US, and MR imaging findings with pathologic correlation.

Paget disease is a rare malignancy of the breast characterized by infiltration of the nipple epidermis by adenocarcinoma cells. The clinical features of Paget disease are characteristic and should increase the likelihood of the diagnosis being made. An important point is that more than 90% of cases of Paget disease are associated with an additional underlying breast malignancy.

Sonographic findings of invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast.

The purpose of this series was to evaluate the sonographic features of invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast. Between 2004 and 2010, 3 patients had confirmed invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast in our institution, and all of them underwent sonography. Sonograms showed masses with an oval (n = 2) or irregular (n = 1) shape, partially microlobulated (n = 2) or well-circumscribed (n = 1) margins, and a hypoechoic (n = 2) or an isoechoic (n = 1) internal echo texture.

Eukaryotic protein domains as functional units of cellular evolution.

Modular protein domains are functional units that can be modified through the acquisition of new intrinsic activities or by the formation of novel domain combinations, thereby contributing to the evolution of proteins with new biological properties. Here, we assign proteins to groups with related domain compositions and functional properties, termed "domain clubs," which we use to compare multiple eukaryotic proteomes. This analysis shows that different domain types can take distinct evolutionary trajectories, which correlate with the conservation, gain, expansion, or decay of particular biological processes.

Mouse Piwi interactome identifies binding mechanism of Tdrkh Tudor domain to arginine methylated Miwi.

Tudor domains are protein modules that mediate protein-protein interactions, potentially by binding to methylated ligands. A group of germline specific single and multiTudor domain containing proteins (TDRDs) represented by drosophila Tudor and its mammalian orthologs Tdrd1, Tdrd4/RNF17, and Tdrd6 play evolutionarily conserved roles in germinal granule/nuage formation and germ cell specification and differentiation. However, their physiological ligands, and the biochemical and structural basis for ligand recognition, are largely unclear.

Molecular MR imaging for visualizing ICAM-1 expression in the inflamed synovium of collagen-induced arthritic mice.

Objective: To determine the utility of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 antibody-conjugated gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1) as a targeted contrast agent for the molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).

Materials And Methods: THREE GROUPS OF MICE WERE USED: non-arthritic normal, CIA mice in both the early inflammatory and chronic destructive phases. The MR images of knee joints were obtained before and after injection of Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1, Gd-DTPA, and Gd-DTPA-Immunoglobulin G (Ig G) and were analyzed quantitatively.

Inhaled corticosteroid-related tooth problems in asthmatics.

Background: The recent Global Initiative for Asthma guideline states that inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) may induce osteoporosis as a systemic adverse effect. New ICSs, such as fluticasone propionate, have a high topical potency and may therefore induce tooth problems as a result of direct exposure without hepatic metabolism more frequently than older ICSs.

Objective: We evaluated asthma patients who underwent long-term treatment with a new ICS to determine if they had tooth problems that were related to osteoporosis of the mandible.

Multidetector-row computed tomographic evaluation of myocardial perfusion in reperfused chronic myocardial infarction: value of color-coded perfusion map in a porcine model.

We aimed to develop color-coded CT perfusion maps (CPM) of infarcted myocardium and assess the utility of CPM in evaluating ischemic heart disease on a cardiac multi-detector CT (MDCT) in a porcine reperfused-myocardial-infarction model. Myocardial infarctions were induced by 30 min occlusions of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in 17 healthy adult female pigs. First-pass and 5 min-delayed cardiac MDCTs were performed after 4 weeks of LAD occlusion.

Efficacy of MRI versus arthroscopy for evaluation of sinus tarsi syndrome.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to diagnose sinus tarsi syndrome (STS) because of its non-invasiveness and accuracy. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of MRI compared with subtalar arthroscopy for STS.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight patients (30 feet) who had undergone both MRI and subtalar arthroscopy for STS were evaluated.

A comparison of arthroscopic and MRI findings in staging of osteochondral lesions of the talus.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of MRI compared with arthroscopy in staging of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs). The authors prospectively investigated 50 patients (52 cases) who had undergone both MRI and ankle arthroscopy for OLTs. The 30 males (32 ankles) and 20 females (20 ankles) had an average age of 43 years (range 19-64 years).

FDG PET/CT for the detection and evaluation of breast diseases: usefulness and limitations.

Positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is used to diagnose, stage, and monitor breast cancer. FDG PET has the capability to depict abnormal metabolic activity before any anatomic change occurs; however, in the absence of identifiable anatomic structures on PET images, it may be impossible to identify the location of areas of increased radionuclide uptake. In such cases, the coregistration of PET images with images from computed tomography (CT) may help improve diagnostic accuracy and lead to better clinical management of patients with breast cancer.

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy in the femur: a case report and review of the literature.

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is an uncommon neoplasm that most often affects the maxilla in the first year of life. MNTI occurring in the long bones is extremely rare, with only 2 cases reported in the medical literature. Here we report a case of MNTI in the right femur of a 5-month-old infant who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by limb-salvage surgery.

Systematic discovery of in vivo phosphorylation networks.

Protein kinases control cellular decision processes by phosphorylating specific substrates. Thousands of in vivo phosphorylation sites have been identified, mostly by proteome-wide mapping. However, systematically matching these sites to specific kinases is presently infeasible, due to limited specificity of consensus motifs, and the influence of contextual factors, such as protein scaffolds, localization, and expression, on cellular substrate specificity.