Mechanical Thrombectomy for Hyperacute Vertebrobasilar Ischemic Stroke via Nondominant Vertebral Artery : Clinical Experience and Considerations.

Objective: The dominant vertebral artery (VA) approach is primarily considered in mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute occlusion of the vertebrobasilar (VB) artery. As accessing the dominant artery is sometimes difficult, we present our experience treating acute VB stroke via a nondominant VA approach through a comparison with the dominant VA approach.

Methods: Among 2,785 patients diagnosed with hyperacute ischemic stroke between January 2014 and December 2022, 50 patients with VB ischemic stroke underwent recanalization therapy through either dominant, nondominant, or bilateral VA approach.

Enhancing ketamine anesthesia with midazolam and fentanyl for children's ear surgery: a prospective randomized study.

Background: Myringotomy with tympanostomy tube insertion (MTI) is a superficial surgical procedure used to prevent hearing loss in children with serous otitis media. Intravenous anesthesia, often ketamine, is preferred for this procedure because of its ability to induce sedation without compromising airway reflexes. However, ketamine alone may be insufficient and potentially lead to spontaneous movement during surgery.

Delayed Unilateral Facet Interlocking After a Stable Superior Articular Process Fracture of the Cervical Spine: A Case Report.

A 42-year-old man presented with neck pain after a fall from a tree. Spine computed tomography (CT) illustrated the right C5 superior articular process fracture without displacement. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the fracture and injury of the posterior ligament complex.

Subdural Empyema from Streptococcus suis Infection, South Korea.

In Jeju Island, South Korea, a patient who consumed raw pig products had subdural empyema, which led to meningitis, sepsis, and status epilepticus. We identified Streptococcus suis from blood and the subdural empyema. This case illustrates the importance of considering dietary habits in similar clinical assessments to prevent misdiagnosis.

Validation of prediction algorithm for risk estimation of intracranial aneurysm development using real-world data.

Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is difficult to detect, and most patients remain undiagnosed, as screening tests have potential risks and high costs. Thus, it is important to develop risk assessment system for efficient and safe screening strategy. Through previously published research, we have developed a prediction model for the incidence risk of IA using cohort observational data.

Ruptured Fusiform Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm in an Infant : Case Report and a Literature Review.

Ruptured intracranial aneurysms in infants are rare and infantile fusiform anterior cerebral artery (ACA) aneurysms are much rarer. In this report, we described the case of a 7-month-old infant with a ruptured fusiform ACA aneurysm who presented with seizure and underwent endovascular treatment. The patient was initially in a coma and the neurologic condition did not improve after treatment.

The effects of etomidate on expression of high mobility group box 1 via the nuclear factor kappa B pathway in rat model of sepsis.

Etomidate is an anesthetic agent used in hemodynamically unstable patients, but its use has been controversial in septic patients. The response of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a late-phase lethal cytokine in sepsis, to etomidate has not been reported. This study investigated the effects of etomidate on the expression and release of HMGB1 and the underlying mechanism using a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model.

Comparison of the efficacy of erector spinae plane block according to the difference in bupivacaine concentrations for analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a retrospective study.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a noninvasive surgery, but postoperative pain is a major problem. Studies have indicated that erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has an analgesic effect after LC. We aimed to compare the efficacy of different ESPB anesthetic concentrations in pain control in patients with LC.

The small molecule kobusone can stimulate islet β-cell replication .

Objective: To investigate the ability of kobusone to reduce high glucose levels and promote β-cell proliferation.

Methods: Four-week-old female db/db mice were assigned to the kobusone (25 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally twice a day) or control group (same volume of PBS). Glucose levels and body weight were measured twice a week.

Multi-Layer Onlay Graft Using Hydroxyapatite Cement Placement without Cerebrospinal Fluid Diversion for Endoscopic Skull Base Reconstruction.

Objective: The skull base reconstruction step, which prevents cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, is one of the most challenging steps in endoscopic skull base surgery (ESS). The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes and complications of a reconstruction technique for immediate CSF leakage repair using multiple onlay grafts following ESS.

Methods: A total of 230 consecutive patients who underwent skull base reconstruction using multiple onlay grafts with fibrin sealant patch (FSP), hydroxyapatite cement (HAC), and pedicled nasoseptal flap (PNF) for high-flow CSF leakage following ESS at three institutions were enrolled.

Prognostic value of macular ganglion cell layer thickness for visual outcome in parasellar tumors.

Purpose: Optic nerve compression by mass lesions at the optic chiasm leads to loss of visual function which can be recovered after decompression surgery. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic ability of macular ganglion cell layer (mGCL) thickness measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for predicting postoperative visual outcome of compressive optic neuropathy (CON) related to parasellar tumors.

Methods: This observational cohort study used data from the Department of Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between 2013 and 2018.

Targeted Transforaminal Epidural Blood Patch for Postdural Puncture Headache in Patients with Postlaminectomy Syndrome.

Postdural puncture headache is a leak of cerebrospinal fluid that lowers intracranial pressure and usually presents as a positional headache. If conservative treatments are not successful, the epidural blood patch is the gold standard of the treatment for dural puncture. The interlaminar approach is the most commonly used technique for an epidural blood patch.

Risk factors for preoperative and late postoperative seizures in primary supratentorial meningiomas.

Objective: We performed a retrospective study to identify factors associated with preoperative and late postoperative seizures in primary supratentorial meningiomas.

Patients And Methods: Between July 2003 and December 2014, we extracted 303 consecutive patients who underwent primary resection for supratentorial meningiomas at a single institution. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the associations of seizure occurrence and outcome.

Growth Pattern and Prognostic Factors of Untreated Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas.

Objective: Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are often detected as incidental findings. However, the natural history remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the natural history and growth pattern of untreated PAs.

Amitriptyline inhibits the MAPK/ERK and CREB pathways and proinflammatory cytokines through A3AR activation in rat neuropathic pain models.

Background: The pain-relief properties of tricyclic antidepressants can be attributed to several actions. Recent observations suggest that adenosine is involved in the antinociceptive effect of amitriptyline. The A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) is the only adenosine subtype overexpressed in inflammatory and cancer cells.

Optimal neuromuscular blocking effects of remifentanil during tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.

Objective This study was performed to determine the effect of the remifentanil dose on the onset time of rocuronium with electromyography. Methods This retrospective comparative study included 75 patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery. Patients received lidocaine (40 mg) and propofol (2 mg/kg) followed by rocuronium (0.

Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma: Preliminary Analysis of the Role of Radiation Therapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of our optic nerve sheath meningioma (ONSM) case series in terms of preventing tumor growth and preserving vision in ONSM patients.

Methods: Between July 2003 and March 2015, 1,398 patients with intracranial meningioma were diagnosed at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Among them, only 13 patients (0.

Combination therapy of 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A tromethamine salt and temozolomide against experimental glioblastoma.

7-O-succinyl macrolactin A has shown anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-metastatic effects. It also exhibits strong suppression of tumor growth. In our previous study, we assessed the anti-neoplastic effects of 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A tromethamine salt (SMA salt) on a glioma cell line.

Outcomes in 20 Gynecologic Cancer Patient with Brain Metastasis: A Single Institution Retrospective Study.

Background: The incidence of brain metastasis (BM) in gynecologic cancers has risen recently, due to prolonged survival times and an early diagnosis. We analyzed treatment outcomes of patients with BM from gynecologic cancers.

Methods: Among 951 patients with BM who were treated in neurosurgical department from July 2003 to February 2016, a total of 20 (2%) patients were from gynecologic cancers.

The Role of Adjuvant Treatment in Patients with High-Grade Meningioma.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of adjuvant treatment in patients with high-grade meningioma.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for patients with high-grade meningioma, World Health Organization grade 2 or 3, in a single center between 2003 and 2014. The patients were reviewed according to age at diagnosis, sex, the location of meningioma, degree of tumor resection, histological features, and type of adjuvant treatment.

Prognostic Factors of Hearing Outcome in Untreated Vestibular Schwannomas: Implication of Subdivision of Their Growth by Volumetric Analysis.

Background: Conservative wait-and-scan management for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) is an important treatment option, but its role is unclear because of discordance between tumor growth and hearing outcomes.

Methods: The present study was a retrospective analysis of 97 patients with sporadic VSs without treatment who were followed-up between 2003 and 2012. Tumor volume was measured by 3-dimensional volumetry at each follow-up visit.

Antitumor activity of 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A tromethamine salt in the mouse glioma model.

Chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide is the current standard treatment option for patients with glioblastoma. However, the majority of patients with glioblastoma survive for <2 years. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of glioblastoma.

The Effects of Remifentanil on Expression of High Mobility Group Box 1 in Septic Rats.

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a pivotal mediator of sepsis progression. Remifentanil, an opioid agonist, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in septic mice. However, it is not yet known whether remifentanil affects the expression of HMGB1.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Brain Tumor Patients Treated with Surgery: Preliminary Result of a Single Institution.

Background: Alongside the extent of removal and patients' survival in the management of brain tumors, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has become an important consideration. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change of HRQOL in brain tumor patients before and after surgery and to assess the associated factors that contribute to the change of HRQOL.

Methods: A total of 258 patients who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled in this study.