Comparison of trans-umbilical single-port laparoscopic complete extraperitoneal closure and laparoscopic intracorporeal closure for pediatric inguinal hernia: a randomized controlled study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of Trans-umbilical single-port laparoscopic complete extraperitoneal closure (LCEC) and laparoscopic intracorporeal closure (LIC) for inguinal hernia by analysis of follow-up data over 5 years.

Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 524 children with inguinal hernia were randomly assigned to undergo LCEC or LIC between August 2016 and December 2017. The primary outcome measures were the success and recurrence rates.

β-Catenin mediated TAM phenotype promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis via the OSM/STAT3/LOXL2 axis.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by its aggressive nature and dismal prognosis, largely attributed to its unique tumor microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanisms by which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote PDAC progression, particularly the role of β-catenin signaling in regulating TAM phenotype and function, remain incompletely understood. Initially, we performed comprehensive analyses of RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) datasets to investigate OSM and LOXL2 expression patterns in PDAC.

Retinoic acid drives surface epithelium fate determination through the TCF7-MSX2 axis.

Understanding how embryonic progenitors decode extrinsic signals and transform into lineage-specific regulatory networks to drive cell fate specification is a fundamental, yet challenging question. Here, we develop a new model of surface epithelium (SE) differentiation induced by human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) using retinoic acid (RA), and identify BMP4 as an essential downstream signal in this process. We show that the retinoid X receptors, RXRA and RXRB, orchestrate SE commitment by shaping lineage-specific epigenetic and transcriptomic landscapes.

New thermoplastic poly(ester-ether) elastomers with enhanced mechanical properties derived from long-chain dicarboxylic acid for medical device applications.

Recent advances in medical plastics highlight the need for sustainable materials with desirable elastic properties. Traditional polyester elastomers have been used as alternatives to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) due to their biocompatibility and adjustable mechanical properties. However, these materials often lack the necessary stability and toughness for reliable medical applications.

The double plate technique combined with the cable technique for treating sternoclavicular joint dislocation: a case report.

Background: Sternoclavicular joint dislocation (SJD) is rare, and joint instability after dislocation easily leads to deformity, pain, and limitations in performing activities, often requiring surgical treatment. Currently, there is no ideal internal fixation method for SJD.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 38-year-old female patient with anterior dislocation of the right sternoclavicular joint (SJ) caused by a car accident who underwent open reduction and internal fixation using the double plate technique combined with the cable technique.

Rod-shaped silica promotes cellulose hydrolysis by inducing interior structural breakage via penetrated breaking.

Solid acid catalysts have attracted much attention in cellulose hydrolysis due to their high product selectivity, easy preparation and reusability. However, most current researches only focus on modifying their surface functional groups but overlook the impact of carrier shape on hydrolytic performance. Herein, we synthesize a series of rod-shaped silica with varying sizes for cellulose hydrolysis to analyze the shape mode to enhance the breaking of cellulose structure during solid-solid reaction.

Copper peroxide-loaded lignin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane foam for wound repair applications.

Wound healing is a complex process and the mechanism of the tissue repair process involves many complex steps: inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. Wounds can be divided into two main categories: acute and chronic wounds. Non-healing wounds usually follow a bacterial infection.

Budding of Asymmetric Lipid Bilayers: Effects of Cholesterol, Anionic Lipid, and Electric Field.

Membrane budding is vital for various cellular processes such as synaptic activity regulation, vesicle transport and release, and endocytosis/exocytosis. Although protein-mediated membrane budding has been extensively investigated, the effects of the lipid asymmetry of the two leaflets and the asymmetrically electrical environments of the cellular membrane on membrane budding remain elusive. In this work, using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, we systematically investigate the impacts of lipid bilayer asymmetry and external electric fields mimicking the asymmetric membrane potential on the membrane budding.

Construction and characterization of a novel secreted MsC-CAR-T cell in solid tumors.

The CD47-SIRPα signaling has been acknowledged as a significant immune checkpoint and CD47 blocking has been proved as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of solid tumor. However, the potential application of CAR-T cells secreted antibody fragment simultaneously in solid tumor is rarely explored. In this study, we searched bioinformatic databases and investigated the characteristics of CD47 in solid tumors.

Itaconic Acid Oligomers for Electrostatically Spun Degradable Implantable Biobased Polyurethane.

Developing implantable medical materials with excellent comprehensive performance has important practical applications. Cardiovascular and bile ducts are characterized by various forms of diseases and high morbidity and mortality. One of the effective treatment modalities for such diseases is replacement surgery.

UDA-GS: A cross-center multimodal unsupervised domain adaptation framework for Glioma segmentation.

Gliomas are the most common and malignant form of primary brain tumors. Accurate segmentation and measurement from MRI are crucial for diagnosis and treatment. Due to the infiltrative growth pattern of gliomas, their labeling is very difficult.

Discovery of thioetomidate derivatives as rapid recovery hypnotics without adrenocortical suppression.

Intravenous anesthetics play a crucial role during surgery. Etomidate, a commonly used intravenous anesthetic agent, is prized for its rapid onset and smooth induction of anesthesia. However, it has a pronounced adverse effect on adrenal function suppression.

Improvement Schemes for Bacteria in MICP: A Review.

Biomineralization is a common phenomenon in nature, and the use of microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology for engineering construction is a successful attempt to utilize natural biological phenomena, which has become a hot topic of current research. There are many factors affecting MICP, such as bacterial properties and external environmental factors. Many scholars have carried out a lot of research on these factors, but even under appropriate conditions, the MICP process still has the problem of low efficiency.

Highly effective grafting of poly(l-lactide) onto cellulose by microwave heating in a CO switchable solvent for the fabrication of biodegradable cigarette smoke adsorbent material.

In this study, a CO switching solvent was used to dissolve cellulose, and then poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) side chain was grafted onto cellulose backbone by ring-opening polymerization of lactide under microwave heating to realize the rapid and efficient synthesis of cellulose-graft-poly(l-lactide) (C-g-PLLA). The efficiency of this method is significantly greater than that of the traditional oil bath heating system. The structure and properties of C-g-PLLA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis, and Differential scanning calorimetry.

Two-pronged reversal of chemotherapy resistance by gold nanorods induced mild photothermal effect.

Chemotherapy treatment outcomes are severely restricted by multidrug resistance (MDR), in which tumors develop a multiple cross-resistance toward drug involving the pump and nonpump resistance mechanisms, resulting in drug efflux and defending against drug toxicity. Herein, we constructed a pH and near infrared (NIR) light responsive nanomedicine DOX@FG based on gold nanorods (GNRs) that demonstrated the potential to improve chemotherapy outcomes by overcoming MDR. DOX@FG was constructed by conjugating folic acid (FA) and doxorubicin (DOX) derivatives onto GNRs, where the DOX derivatives possessed an acid-labile hydrazone bond.

An Organometallic Umpolung Approach for Iron-Mediated Propargylic C-H Etherification.

Propargylic ethers serve as useful intermediates for the synthesis of a variety of complex targets. However, propargylic substitution of prefunctionalized alkyne starting materials remains the dominant method for the synthesis of propargyl ethers, while direct etherification of simple alkynes via propargylic C-H functionalization remains largely underreported. Herein, we report an organometallic umpolung approach for iron-mediated C-H propargylic etherification.

Theoretical exploration of energetic molecular design strategy: functionalization of C or N and structural selection of imidazole or pyrazole.

Context: In researching energetic materials with high energy density, it is an effective method to introduce explosophoric groups. In this study, four series of energetic compounds were designed by functionalizing with C- or N-, introducing energetic groups -CH(NO), -CF(NO), -C(NO)(NF), -C(NO), and-CH(NF) into imidazole and pyrazole structures. Density functional theory was employed to optimize the structure of the target compound and subsequently to predict and evaluate its performance based on this.

Iodine(III)-Mediated Photochemical C-H Azolation.

A systematic radical polarity analysis framework is formulated herein for the projection of radical reactivity patterns. An iodine(III)-mediated photochemical C-H azolation reaction has been envisaged and developed based on the set of empirical guidelines. The synthesis features an environmentally benign reagent, mild reaction conditions, an operationally simple protocol, and a broad substrate scope.

TDP43 aggregation at ER-exit sites impairs ER-to-Golgi transport.

Protein aggregation plays key roles in age-related degenerative diseases, but how different proteins coalesce to form inclusions that vary in composition, morphology, molecular dynamics and confer physiological consequences is poorly understood. Here we employ a general reporter based on mutant Hsp104 to identify proteins forming aggregates in human cells under common proteotoxic stress. We identify over 300 proteins that form different inclusions containing subsets of aggregating proteins.

Effectiveness and safety of adjunctive non-drug measures in improving respiratory symptoms among patients with severe COVID-19: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection posed a huge threat and burden to public healthcare in late 2022. Non-drug measures of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as acupuncture, cupping and moxibustion, are commonly used as adjuncts in China to help in severe cases, but their effects remain unclear.

Objectives: To observe the clinical effect of TCM non-drug measures in improving respiratory function and symptoms among patients with severe COVID-19.

Manganese-Catalyzed Cycloalkene Ring Expansion Synthesis of Azaheterocycles.

Herein, a Mn catalytic protocol has been developed for the cycloalkene ring expansion synthesis of azaheterocycles, allowing broad-substrate-scope access to pyridine and isoquinoline derivatives. The initial monoaddition of an azidyl radical to alkene and further as-generated C-radical addition to O, followed by intramolecular rearrangement and aromatization, showcase a distinct Mn-catalyzed radical reactivity mode. The reaction features a short reaction time and a broad substrate scope, with applications demonstrated in complex structure elaboration and gram-scale vismodegib synthesis.