Efficacy of High-Dose Synbiotic Additives for Deoxynivalenol Detoxification: Effects on Blood Biochemistry, Histology, and Intestinal Microbiome in Weaned Piglets.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin observed in cereal grains, and feed contamination poses health risks to pigs. Biological antidotes, such as synbiotics (SYNs), have garnered attention for mitigating DON toxicity. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of SYNs by comparing the blood biochemistry, histology, and gut microbiome of weaned piglets.

Association Between Toothbrushing Habits and Self-Rated Oral Health: Re-Consideration of the 3-3-3 Toothbrushing Campaign.

Objectives: This study investigates the association between toothbrushing frequency and self-rated oral health to evaluate the effectiveness of the 3-3-3 toothbrushing campaign.

Methods: Employing a cross-sectional study design, we analysed responses from 13,199 adults using structured questionnaires. The dependent variable was self-rated oral health.

Changes in food sufficiency among Korean adults in urban and rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of the 7th and 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objectives: Understanding changes in food sufficiency within various demographic groups during emergency situations, such as the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is crucial in formulating public health policies for future preparedness. This study investigated potential differences between urban and rural residents in food sufficiency trends during the COVID-19 pandemic and examined how these changes varied according to socio-demographic factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 19,724 adults aged 20 years and older, utilizing information from the 7th-8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2018-2021).

Repulsive Sema3E-Plexin-D1 signaling coordinates both axonal extension and steering via activating an autoregulatory factor, Mtss1.

Axon guidance molecules are critical for neuronal pathfinding because they regulate directionality and growth pace during nervous system development. However, the molecular mechanisms coordinating proper axonal extension and turning are poorly understood. Here, metastasis suppressor 1 (Mtss1), a membrane protrusion protein, ensured axonal extension while sensitizing axons to the Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E)-Plexin-D1 repulsive cue.

Highly Sensitive Real-Time Monitoring of Adenosine Receptor Activities in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cells Using Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors.

Adenosine metabolism through adenosine receptors plays a critical role in lung cancer biology. Although recent studies showed the potential of targeting adenosine receptors as drug targets for lung cancer treatment, conventional methods for investigating receptor activities often suffer from various drawbacks, including low sensitivity and slow analysis speed. In this study, adenosine receptor activities in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were monitored in real time with high sensitivity through a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET).

Factors predicting different times for brushing teeth during the day: multilevel analyses.

Background: The most effective and simple intervention for preventing oral disease is toothbrushing. However, there is substantial variation in the timing of brushing teeth during the day. We aimed to identify a comprehensive set of predictors of toothbrushing after lunch and after dinner and estimated contextual (i.

Nanoscale mapping of edge-state conductivity and charge-trap activity in topological insulators.

We report the nanoscale mapping of topological edge-state conductivity and the effects of charge-traps on conductivity in a BiSe multilayer film under ambient conditions. In this strategy, we applied an electric field perpendicular to the surface plane of BiSe a conducting probe to directly map the charge-trap densities and conductivities with a nanoscale resolution. The results showed that edge regions had one-dimensional characteristics with higher conductivities (two orders) and lower charge-trap densities (four orders) than those of flat surface regions where their conductivities and charge-traps were dominated by bulk effects.

Data resource profile: the Korean Community Health Status Indicators (K-CHSI) database.

Korean Community Health Status Indicators (K-CHSI) is a model-based database containing annual data on health outcomes and determinants at the municipal level (si/gun/gu-level regions, including mid-sized cities, counties, and districts). K-CHSI's health outcomes include overall mortality, disease incidence, prevalence rates, and self-reported health. Health determinants were measured in 5 domains: socio-demographic factors, health behaviors, social environment, physical environment, and the healthcare system.

Adaptive biosensing platform using immune cell-based nanovesicles for food allergen detection.

Inspired by an adaptive immune system, we have developed a bioelectronic sensing platform which relies on nanovesicles for a signal amplification and can be easily adapted for the detection of new food allergens. In this work, nanovesicles with anti-immunoglobulin E (anti-IgE) antibody receptors were extracted from immune cells and immobilized on a carbon nanotube-based transistor to build a highly sensitive and selective biosensing platform. Our sensor could detect peanut allergen, arachis hypogaea 2 (Ara h 2), down to 0.

Effects of dietary copper sources and levels on growth performance, copper digestibility, fecal and serum mineral characteristics in growing pigs.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three different copper (Cu) sources (one inorganic and two organics) and levels (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg) on the growth performance, Cu digestibility, fecal mineral excretion, serum mineral concentration, jejunal morphology, and serum biochemical profile of growing pigs. A total of 42 male, growing pigs (31.08 ± 1.

Evaluating sulfoxaflor residues in pig tissues using animal modeling.

Maximum residue limits (MRL) for pesticides in feed have been set to protect public health and produce safe livestock products. experiments to establish MRL are essential, as livestock are commonly used to obtain reliable quantitative information. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether small laboratory animals can replace or reduce monogastric livestock in experiments to quantify pesticide residues after oral consumption through feed.

Effect of feeding raw potato starch on the composition dynamics of the piglet intestinal microbiome.

Objective: Raw potato starch (RPS) is resistant to digestion, escapes absorption, and is metabolized by intestinal microflora in the large intestine and acts as their energy source. In this study, we compared the effect of different concentrations of RPS on the intestinal bacterial community of weaned piglets.

Methods: Male weaned piglets (25-days-old, 7.

Protective effects of biological feed additives on gut microbiota and the health of pigs exposed to deoxynivalenol: a review.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most common mycotoxin contaminant of cereal-based food and animal feed. The toxicity of DON is very low compared to that of other toxins; however, the most prominent signs of DON exposure include inappetence and body weight loss, which causes considerable economic losses in the livestock industry. This review summarizes critical studies on biological DON mycotoxin mitigation strategies and the respective and intestinal effects.

Residual Level, Histology, and Blood Biochemistry of Tebuconazole: A Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Pigs.

In this study, we investigated the residual properties of tebuconazole-treated pigs. Twentypigs were treated with different concentrations (0.25, 1.

Urine-Derived Stem Cell-Secreted Klotho Plays a Crucial Role in the HK-2 Fibrosis Model by Inhibiting the TGF-β Signaling Pathway.

Renal fibrosis is an irreversible and progressive process that causes severe dysfunction in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The progression of CKD stages is highly associated with a gradual reduction in serum Klotho levels. We focused on Klotho protein as a key therapeutic factor against CKD.

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae oil as an alternative fat ingredient to soybean oil in laying hen diets.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, HI) larvae oil (HILO) could serve as an alternative fat source to soybean oil (SBO) in laying hen diets.

Methods: We randomly assigned 25-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens (n = 144) to receive (n = 6 hens/group; eight replicates) a control or an experimental diet in which SBO was replaced with 50% (50HILO) or 100% HILO (100HILO).

Results: Dietary HILO did not negatively affect body weight or productive performance during the study.

An In Vitro Study on the Efficacy of Mycotoxin Sequestering Agents for Aflatoxin B1, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone.

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of mycotoxin sequestering agents for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEA) using an in vitro method. The twelve toxin sequestering agents tested were seven bentonite products (bentonite A, B, C, D, E, F, and G), two aluminosilicate products (aluminosilicate A and B), a heulandite product, an activated charcoal product, and a yeast cell wall product. A two-step in vitro procedure was employed to mimic the conditions of temperature, pH, and digestive enzymes in the stomach and small intestine of pigs.

Effect of Flutriafol Exposure on Residue Characteristics in Pig Muscle and Fat Tissue.

This study investigated the effect of exposure to flutriafol based on residues in pigs. Pigs were exposed to different concentrations (0.313, 0.

Ultrasensitive Bioelectronic Tongue Based on the Venus Flytrap Domain of a Human Sweet Taste Receptor.

Sweet taste is an important factor that regulates calorie intake and contributes to food preferences in humans and animals. Therefore, the evaluation of sweet substances is essential for various fields such as healthcare, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Sweet tastants are detected by sweet taste receptors which are class C G-protein-coupled receptors.

Fecal microbiome shifts by different forms of copper supplementations in growing pigs.

Copper is an essential mineral for pigs, thus it is used as a feed additive in the forms of copper sulfate. Therefore, this study aimed at characterizing the fecal microbiota shifts in pigs as fed by different forms of copper supplementation. 40 growing pigs aged 73 ± 1 days with an average weight of 30.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Black Soldier Fly () Larvae Oil on Broiler Health.

Insects are a potential source of proteins and fats which can be incorporated into diets of broiler chickens. Accordingly, black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFLO) needs to be tested as an appropriate fat source to produce healthy chickens for consumers. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the replacement of soybean oil (SBO) with BSFLO in broiler diets on intestinal health and blood profiles.