Effects of different trophic conditions on total fatty acids, amino acids, pigment and gene expression profiles in Euglena gracilis.

Euglena gracilis is a unique microalga that lacks a cell wall and is able to grow under different trophic culture conditions. In this study, cell growth, biomass production, and changes in the ultrastructure of E. gracilis cells cultivated photoautotrophically, mixotrophically, and under sequential-heterotrophy-photoinduction (SHP) were assessed.

The mitochondrial genome of Heterosentis pseudobagri (Wang & Zhang, 1987) Pichelin & Cribb, 1999 reveals novel aspects of tRNA genes evolution in Acanthocephala.

Background: Acanthocephala is a clade of obligate endoparasites whose mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) and evolution remain relatively poorly understood. Previous studies reported that atp8 is lacking from acanthocephalan mitogenomes, and that tRNA genes often have nonstandard structures. Heterosentis pseudobagri (Arhythmacanthidae) is an acanthocephalan fish endoparasite for which no molecular data are currently available, and biological information is unavailable in the English language.

Mitochondrial phylogenomics of Acanthocephala: nucleotide alignments produce long-branch attraction artefacts.

Background: Classification of the Acanthocephala, a clade of obligate endoparasites, remains unresolved because of insufficiently strong resolution of morphological characters and scarcity of molecular data with a sufficient resolution. Mitochondrial genomes may be a suitable candidate, but they are available for a small number of species and their suitability for the task has not been tested thoroughly.

Methods: Herein, we sequenced the first mitogenome for the large family Rhadinorhynchidae: Micracanthorhynchina dakusuiensis.

Characterization and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Tsin, 1933 (Digenea), the first for a member of the family Azygiidae.

(Trematoda, Azygiidae), a neglected parasite of predatory fishes, is little-known in terms of its molecular epidemiology, population ecology and phylogenetic study. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of was sequenced and characterized: it is a 13,973 bp circular DNA molecule and encodes 36 genes (12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes) as well as two non-coding regions. The A+T content of the mitogenome is 59.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Yu & Wu, 1989 (Acanthocephala, Illiosentidae).

The mitogenome of is 13,864 bp in length and has the circular structure typical of metazoans. It contains 36 genes: 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) and 12 protein-encoding genes (PCGs). All genes are transcribed from the same strand.

Annexin A2, up-regulated by IL-6, promotes the ossification of ligament fibroblasts from ankylosing spondylitis patients.

Background: Annexin A2, a calcium-dependent phospholipid binding protein, is involved in osteogenesis. The objective of the present study was to explore the expression of Annexin A2 in spinal ligament tissues (LT) of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients and determine its pathological functions.

Methods: mRNA and protein expression of Annexin A2 was detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively.

Comparison of three methods for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus in Hodgkin's lymphoma in paraffin-embedded tissues.

The percentage rate of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) ranges between 20 and 70% in various studies worldwide. To further explore the definite rate in China, three methods, including immunohistochemistry for EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), in situ hybridization (ISH) for EBV-encoded RNA (EBER)-1 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for EBV BamHI‑W fragment, were employed to detect EBV in 59 cases of HL in China using paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Our results revealed that the PCR method presented the highest (44/59, 74.

Dynamic generation of robust and controlled beating signals in an asymmetric procedure of light storage and retrieval.

We propose an efficient scheme for the robust and controlled generation of beating signals in a sample of stationary atoms driven into the tripod configuration. This scheme relies on an asymmetric procedure of light storage and retrieval where the two classical coupling fields have equal detunings in the storage stage but opposite detunings in the retrieval stage. A quantum probe field, incident upon such an atomic sample, is first transformed into two spin coherence wave-packets and then retrieved with two optical components characterized by different time-dependent phases.

Double photonic bandgaps dynamically induced in a tripod system of cold atoms.

A tripod atomic system driven by two standing-wave fields (a coupling and a driving) is explored to generate tunable double photonic bandgaps in the regime of electromagnetically induced transparency. Both photonic bandgaps depend critically on frequency detunings, spatial periodicities, and initial phases of the two standing-wave fields. When the coupling and driving detunings are very close, a small fluctuation of one standing-wave field may demolish both photonic bandgaps.

Dynamically induced double photonic bandgaps in the presence of spontaneously generated coherence.

We study a four-level double-Lambda system with spontaneously generated coherence driven by a standing-wave coupling field. It is found that two well-developed photonic bandgaps with reflectivities of about 90% can be generated on the probe resonance in the presence of maximal spontaneously generated coherence. The induced double photonic bandgaps become, however, severely malformed when spontaneously generated coherence vanishes.