Effects of bladder neck sparing on continence outcomes of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systemic review and metaanalysis.

Restoration of postoperative urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is affected by diverse factors. We compared the pad-free and positive margin rates of patients who underwent RARP with or without bladder neck sparing (BNS) for prostate cancer. During this systematic review and metaanalysis, we performed an electronic search of the Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed to find original articles comparing RARP with and without BNS for prostate cancer.

Sex-specific Molecular Markers NRF2 and PD-L1 in Colon Carcinogenesis: Implications for Right-sided Colon Cancer.

Purpose: This study examined the roles of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in colon carcinogenesis, underscoring on sex and differences in tumor location.

Materials And Methods: A total of 378 participants were enrolled from Seoul National University Bundang Hospital: 88 healthy controls (HC), 139 patients with colorectal adenoma (AD), and 151 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), methylation-specific PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed utilizing tumor samples from patients and normal mucosa in the HC group.

Effectiveness of Bisphosphonates in Young Adults with Fragility Fractures: Representative Population-Based Cohort Study.

Context: Fragility fractures in young adults present significant clinical challenges due to the limited evidence on the effectiveness of bisphosphonates in preventing subsequent fractures.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of bisphosphonate therapy in reducing the fracture risk among premenopausal women with a history of osteoporotic fractures.

Design: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) in South Korea, covering the years 2003 to 2014.

Pictorial Review of Rare Pancreatic Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation.

Rare pancreatic tumors and non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions present a diagnostic challenge due to their uncommon occurrence and overlapping imaging characteristics with more prevalent pancreatic neoplasms. Advances in imaging technologies and diagnostic criteria have contributed to increased detection of these rare entities in clinical practice. This pictorial review focuses on the radiologic-pathologic correlation of rare pancreatic tumors, including colloid carcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma, pancreatoblastoma, primary pancreatic lymphoma, and non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions such as hamartomas and inflammatory pseudotumors.

Exfoliated MoS nanosheets immobilized in porous microbeads as recoverable photocatalysts.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) is a highly effective visible light photocatalyst when used as well-exfoliated 2D nanosheets. The ability to make effective use of these properties is significantly compromised by the challenge of preventing nanosheet aggregation or restacking in fluid suspensions. We report a strategy for immobilizing chemically exfoliated MoS as single- and few-layer nanosheets in porous crosslinked polymers prepared as microbeads.

Long-Term Outcome of Rescue Stenting for Acute Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis Related Large Vessel Occlusion in Anterior Circulation.

Background And Purpose: Rescue stent (RS) is an accepted rescue option after failed mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke due to intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS)-related large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, the long-term outcomes (≥ 12 months) of RS have not yet been elucidated.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 154 patients with RS for ICAS-related LVO, which were identified from prospectively maintained multicenter database of RS after MT failure, to assess good outcome (mRS 0-2), mortality, stroke recurrence, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH) and stent patency.

Fabrication of Engineered Drug-Polymer Composite Particles via Piezoelectric Inkjet Technique for Floating Drug Delivery Systems.

This study presents a simple approach for fabricating low-density drug-polymer amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) using a piezoelectric inkjet method, demonstrating potential applications for floating drug delivery systems (FDDS). By adjusting the ratio of two polymers, polylactic acid, and Eudragit RLPO, the floatability and drug release rate of the drug-polymer ASD particles can be easily manipulated. Kinetic model analyses have been conducted to interpret the drug release mechanism.

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase in CD4 T cells suppresses tumor growth through activation of the CXCR3/CXCL11 axis in CD8 T cells.

Background: Within the tumor microenvironment, altered lipid metabolism promotes cancer cell malignancy by activating oncogenic cascades; however, impact of lipid metabolism in CD4 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) remains poorly understood. Here, we elucidated that role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) increased by treatment with cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) supernatant in CD4 T cells on their subset differentiation and activity of CD8 T cells.

Results: In our study, we observed that CD4 TILs had higher lipid droplet content than CD4 splenic T cells.

Prognostic Value of Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure in Severe Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis.

Background: Current guidelines recommend intervention for asymptomatic rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) with mitral valve area ≤1.5 cm based on indicators including pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) >50 mm Hg and new-onset atrial fibrillation; however, evidence supporting this is lacking.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included patients with rheumatic MS between 2006 and 2022.

Real-Time Imaging Assessment of Stress-Induced Vascular Inflammation Using Heartbeat-Synchronized Motion Compensation.

Background: Chronic mental stress accelerates atherosclerosis through complicated neuroimmune pathways, needing for advanced imaging techniques to delineate underlying cellular mechanisms. While histopathology, ex vivo imaging, and snapshots of in vivo images offer promising evidence, they lack the ability to capture real-time visualization of blood cell dynamics within pulsatile arteries in longitudinal studies.

Methods: An electrically tunable lens was implemented in intravital optical microscopy, synchronizing the focal plane with heartbeats to follow artery movements.

Low pre-immunotherapy forced vital capacity is associated with poor outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy regardless of prior treatment history.

Background: Many patients with lung cancer have underlying chronic lung diseases. We assume that baseline lung functions might also affect the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immunotherapy.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the impact of pretreatment clinical parameters, including lung function measures such as forced vital capacity (FVC), on the prognosis of patients with NSCLC following immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy.

Controlled Sol-Gel Transitions of Metal-Organic Membrane-Enveloped Cellulose Nanofibrils via Metal Coordination in Aqueous Media.

We report a metal coordination-driven sol-gel transition system where cellulose nanofibrils are enveloped by a rationally designed metal-organic membrane (MOM) in an aqueous medium. Specifically, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized bacterial cellulose (TOBC) is encapsulated within an MOM comprising Zn and the chelator phytic acid (PA), denoted TOBC. Using the DLVO theory, we elucidate how tuning the metal ion valence in TOBC modulates the sol-gel transition by controlling interfibrillar attractive forces.

Impact of pyrazinamide usage on serious adverse events in elderly tuberculosis patients: A multicenter cohort study.

Background: Pyrazinamide (PZA) usage has been associated with adverse drug reactions, prompting its avoidance in treating elderly tuberculosis (TB) patients. This study aims to examine whether the administration of PZA is associated with poor outcomes during TB treatment among elderly individuals.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was undertaken on data collected from a prospective cohort conducted between July 2019 and June 2023, which involved tuberculosis patients from 18 institutions across the Republic of Korea.

Clinicians' Prediction of Survival Is Most Useful for Palliative Care Referral.

Background: Timely palliative transition in patients with advanced cancer is essential for their improved quality of life and overall survival (OS). Most prognostic models have been developed focusing on weeks' survival. The current study aimed to compare the accuracies of several indicators, such as the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS), Clinicians' Prediction of Survival (CPS), and Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), for predicting the survival of patients.

Stability Evaluation and Pharmacokinetic Profiling of Vepdegestrant in Rodents Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Vepdegestrant (formerly ARV-471), a novel proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC), targets estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) for degradation, offering a promising option to treat advanced ER-positive breast cancer. We developed and validated a sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to quantify vepdegestrant in rodent plasma using bavdegalutamide (formerly ARV-110) as an internal standard. Plasma samples were prepared with protein precipitation using acetonitrile and analyzed using reverse-phase C18 columns and a mobile phase of 10 mM ammonium formate in distilled water and acetonitrile.