Proteogenomic analysis dissects early-onset breast cancer patients with prognostic relevance.

Early-onset breast cancer is known for its aggressive clinical characteristics and high prevalence in East Asian countries, but a comprehensive understanding of its molecular features is still lacking. In this study, we conducted a proteogenomic analysis of 126 treatment-naïve primary tumor tissues obtained from Korean patients with young breast cancer (YBC) aged ≤40 years. By integrating genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data, we identified five distinct functional subgroups that accurately represented the clinical characteristics and biological behaviors of patients with YBC.

Exploratory Clinical Trial of a Depression Diagnostic Software That Integrates Stress Biomarkers and Composite Psychometrics.

Objective: This study evaluated the clinical effectiveness of Minds.NAVI, a depression screening kit combining psychometric measures and stress hormone biomarkers, in a prospective clinical trial. The objective was to assess its potential as a depression screening tool and investigate the associations between psychological assessments, salivary hormone staging, and depression severity.

GPR143 controls ESCRT-dependent exosome biogenesis and promotes cancer metastasis.

Exosomes transport a variety of macromolecules and modulate intercellular communication in physiology and disease. However, the regulation mechanisms that determine exosome contents during exosome biogenesis remain poorly understood. Here, we find that GPR143, an atypical GPCR, controls the endosomal sorting complex required for the transport (ESCRT)-dependent exosome biogenesis pathway.

Virtual reality-based monitoring test for MCI: A multicenter feasibility study.

Objectives: As the significance of the early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has emerged, it is necessary to develop corresponding screening tools with high ecological validity and feasible biomarkers. Virtual reality (VR)-based cognitive assessment program, which is close to the daily life of the older adults, can be suitable screening tools for MCI with ecological validity and accessibility. Meanwhile, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been observed at a low concentration in the older adults with dementia or cognitive decline, indicating its potential as a biomarker of MCI.

Association between social phobia and the risk of arrhythmia using the Korean National Sample Cohort: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Social phobia shares symptoms with arrhythmias, such as palpitations and chest discomfort. However, it is unclear how social phobia is associated with the actual risk of arrhythmia. This study aimed to investigate whether social phobia is associated with the risk of arrhythmia using a nationally representative sample cohort.

Association between Polymorphism and Depressive Symptoms in Patients Newly Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: Little is known about the relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor () gene polymorphisms and psychiatric symptoms in diabetes patients. We investigated the effects of Val/66/Met polymorphism, glucose status, psychological susceptibility, and resilience on anxiety and depression symptoms in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: We examined biochemical factors and polymorphism in 89 patients who were newly diagnosed with T2DM.

Fluorescence-Combined Interferometric Scattering Imaging Reveals Nanoscale Dynamic Events of Single Nascent Adhesions in Living Cells.

Focal adhesions (FAs) are dynamic protein nanostructures that form mechanical links between cytoskeletal actin fibers and the extracellular matrix. Here, we demonstrate that interferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy, a high-speed and time-unlimited imaging technique, can uncover the real-time dynamics of nanoscopic nascent adhesions (NAs). The high sensitivity and stability of the iSCAT signal enabled us to trace the whole life span of each NA spontaneously nucleated under a lamellipodium.

Reclassification of and variants found in ovarian epithelial, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers.

Objective: We investigated the proportions of and reclassified variants of unknown significance (VUS) in Korean patients with epithelial ovarian, tubal, and primary peritoneal cancers.

Methods: Data from 805 patients who underwent genetic testing for from January 1, 2006 to August 31, 2018 were included. The VUS in were reclassified using the 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology standards and guidelines.

Exon splicing analysis of intronic variants in multigene cancer panel testing for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer.

The use of multigene panel testing for patients with a predisposition to breast/ovarian cancer is increasing as the identification of variants is useful for diagnosis and disease management. We identified pathogenic and likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants of high-and moderate-risk genes using a 23-gene germline cancer panel in 518 patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancers (HBOC). The frequency of P/LP variants was 12.

Integrative In Vivo Drug Testing Using Gene Expression Signature and Patient-Derived Xenografts from Treatment-Refractory HER2 Positive and Triple-Negative Subtypes of Breast Cancer.

Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are powerful tools for translational cancer research. Here, we established PDX models from different molecular subtypes of breast cancer for in vivo drug tests and compared the histopathologic features of PDX model tumors with those of patient tumors. Predictive biomarkers were identified by gene expression analysis of PDX samples using Nanostring nCount cancer panels.

Preliminary Findings on the Effectiveness of Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy in Patients with Pancreatobiliary Cancer.

Purpose: This study investigated the effectiveness of meaning-centered psychotherapy (MCP), which is known to be a helpful psychotherapeutic intervention in distressing conditions, for patients with pancreatobiliary cancer.

Materials And Methods: We recruited 37 patients with pancreatobiliary cancer from three university general hospitals and assessed their psychological characteristics. Patients who reported clinically significant emotional distress were recommended to undergo MCP.

The Caenorhabditis elegans WRN helicase promotes double-strand DNA break repair by mediating end resection and checkpoint activation.

The protein associated with Werner syndrome (WRN), is involved in DNA repair, checkpoint activation, and telomere maintenance. To better understand the involvement of WRN in double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair, we analyzed the combinatorial role of WRN-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans WRN helicase, in conjunction with EXO-1 and DNA-2 nucleases. We found that WRN-1 cooperates with DNA-2 to resect DSB ends in a pathway acting in parallel to EXO-1.

Roles of Caenorhabditis elegans WRN Helicase in DNA Damage Responses, and a Comparison with Its Mammalian Homolog: A Mini-Review.

Werner syndrome protein (WRN) is unusual among RecQ family DNA helicases in having an additional exonuclease activity. WRN is involved in the repair of double-strand DNA breaks via the homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining pathways, and also in the base excision repair pathway. In addition, the protein promotes the recovery of stalled replication forks.

The 53BP1 homolog in C. elegans influences DNA repair and promotes apoptosis in response to ionizing radiation.

53BP1 contributes to activation of the G2/M checkpoint downstream of ATM and MDC1 in response to ionizing radiation and promotes nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) in mammalian cells. In order to determine whether the cellular activities of 53BP1 are conserved in the model organism C. elegans, we analyzed the function of its homolog, HSR-9 in response to DNA damage.