Comparison of the Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding among Different Statin Exposures with Concomitant Administration of Warfarin: Electronic Health Record-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background And Objective: Patients who should be treated with both warfarin and a statin are frequently seen in vascular clinics. The risk for bleeding and potential drug interactions should be considered when prescribing both medications together. This study aimed to compare the risk for gastrointestinal bleeding among different statin exposures with concomitant administration of warfarin.

Intramolecular and Intermolecular Interactions in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Alucone Films Grown by Molecular Layer Deposition.

Investigation of molecular interactions in polymeric films is crucial for understanding and engineering multiscale physical phenomena correlated to device function and performance, but this often involves a compromise between theoretical and experimental data, because of poor film uniformity. Here, we report the intramolecular and intermolecular interactions inside the ultrathin and conformal hybrid organic-inorganic alucone films grown by molecular layer deposition, based on sequential and self-limiting surface reactions. Varying the carbon chain length of organic precursors, which affects their molecular flexibility, caused intramolecular interactions such as double reactions by bending of the molecular backbone, resulting in formation of hole vacancies in the films.

Location-Controlled Growth of Vertically Aligned Si Nanowires using Au Nanodisks Patterned by KrF Stepper Lithography.

The location-controlled epitaxial growth of vertically aligned Si nanowire (v-SiNW) arrays over large surface area was investigated with Au nanodisks (AuNDs) patterned by KrF stepper lithography. There are two steps for synthesizing v-SiNWs from an AuND pattern: annealing and growth. The annealing process induces the formation of a single Au nanoparticle (AuNP) from an AuND pattern, which consists of several cracked AuNPs.

Cell Adhesion and Growth on the Anodized Aluminum Oxide Membrane.

Nanotopological cues are popular tools for in vivo investigation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cellular microenvironments. The ECM is composed of multiple components and generates a complex microenvironment. The development of accurate in vivo methods for the investigation of ECM are important for disease diagnosis and therapy, as well as for studies on cell behavior.

Cellular uptake and fate of fibroin microspheres loaded with randomly fragmented DNA in 3T3 cells.

Purified fibroin protein can be obtained in large quantities from silk fibers and processed to form microscopic particles as delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents. In this study, we demonstrated that fibroin microspheres were taken up by 3T3 cells, localized in the nonlysosomal compartment, and secreted from the cytoplasm after medium replenishment. DNA-loaded microspheres were taken up by >95% of 3T3 cells.

GM3 synthase deficiency due to ST3GAL5 variants in two Korean female siblings: Masquerading as Rett syndrome-like phenotype.

There have been a few reports of GM3 synthase deficiency since the disease of the ganglioside biosynthetic pathway was first reported in 2004. It is characterized by infantile-onset epilepsy with severe intellectual disability, blindness, cutaneous dyspigmentation, and choreoathetosis. Here we report the cases of two Korean female siblings with ST3GAL5 variants, who presented with a Rett-like phenotype.

Perceptions of influenza vaccination during pregnancy in Korean women of childbearing age.

The rate of maternal influenza vaccination in Korea is much lower than the general population. We evaluated the influenza vaccination rate during pregnancy and assessed women's perceptions of the influenza vaccine. One thousand women of childbearing age were surveyed from April through May 2014, using a questionnaire about vaccination history, general understanding of influenza vaccination and that examined factors that influence decisions about influenza vaccination.

A New Canthinone-Type Alkaloid Isolated from Ailanthus altissima Swingle.

The present investigation of the chemical constituents of the stem barks of Ailanthus altissima has resulted in the isolation of six canthinone-type alkaloids, including a new compound, (R)-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-canthine-6-one (1), and five known compounds (2-6). Moreover, four phenyl propanoids (7-10), two lignans (11 and 12), two triterpenoids (13 and 14) and a fatty acid (15) having previously known chemical structures were isolated during the same course of this study. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by physical (m.

In Vitro Activity of Tigecycline Against Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Scrub typhus is a zoonosis caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi) occurring mainly in autumn in Korea. The need of new antibiotics has arisen with a report on strains resistant to antibiotics and chronic infection.

Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Purpose: In childhood cancer survivors, the most common late effect is thyroid dysfunction, most notably subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Our study evaluated the risk factors for persistent SCH in survivors.

Materials And Methods: Survivors (n=423) were defined as patients who survived at least 2 years after cancer treatment completion.

A Phase II Study of Poziotinib in Patients with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ()-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma Who Have Acquired Resistance to EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

Purpose: We examined the efficacy of poziotinib, a second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in patients with lung adenocarcinoma with activating mutations, who developed acquired resistance (AR) to EGFR-TKIs.

Materials And Methods: This single-arm phase II study included -mutant lung adenocarcinoma with AR to erlotinib or gefitinib based on the Jackman criteria. Patients received poziotinib 16 mg orally once daily in a 28-day cycle.

A phase II study of nintedanib in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Nintedanib is an oral triple angiokinase inhibitor. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nintedanib in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Patients And Methods: Pts with an ECOG PS from 0 to 2 who exhibited progression after one or two prior chemotherapy or chemo/radiotherapy were enrolled.

A Case of Septic Shock caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans in an Immunocompetent Female Patient after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for a Ureteral Stone.

Achromobacter xylosoxidans can cause various types of infections, but its infection in humans is rare. A. xylosoxidans has been reported as a rare etiological agent of infections including primary bacteremia, catheter-related bloodstream infection, endocarditis, otitis, and pneumonia, particularly in immunocompromised hosts.

Fine-Tunable Absorption of Uniformly Aligned Polyurea Thin Films for Optical Filters Using Sequentially Self-Limited Molecular Layer Deposition.

Development of methods enabling the preparation of uniformly aligned polymer thin films at the molecular level is a prerequisite for realizing their optoelectronic characteristics as innovative materials; however, these methods often involve a compromise between scalability and accuracy. In this study, we have grown uniformly aligned polyurea thin films on a SiO2 substrate using molecular layer deposition (MLD) based on sequential and self-limiting surface reactions. By integrating plane-polarized Fourier-transform infrared, Raman spectroscopic tools, and density functional theory calculations, we demonstrated the uniform alignment of polyurea MLD films.

Neurochemical Changes Associated with Stress-Induced Sleep Disturbance in Rats: In Vivo and In Vitro Measurements.

The goal of this study was to quantitatively assess the changes in the cerebral neurochemical profile and to identify those factors that contribute to the alteration of endogenous biomolecules when rats are subjected to stress-induced sleep disturbance. We exposed Sprague-Dawley rats (controls: n = 9; stress-induced sleep perturbation rats: n = 11) to a psychological stressor (cage exchange method) to achieve stress-induced sleep perturbation. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging assessments were carried out using a high-resolution 9.

Leigh Syndrome in Childhood: Neurologic Progression and Functional Outcome.

Background And Purpose: Few studies have analyzed the clinical course and functional outcome in Leigh syndrome (LS). The aim of this study was to determine the clinical, radiological, biochemical, and genetic features of patients with LS, and identify prognostic indicators of the disease progression and neurological outcome.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients who had been diagnosed with LS at the Seoul National University Children's Hospital were included.

Combined effects of physical exercise and education on age-related cortical thinning in cognitively normal individuals.

We investigated the association between self-reported physical exercise and cortical thickness in a large sample of cognitively normal individuals. We also determined whether a combination of physical exercise and education had more protective effects on age-related cortical thinning than either parameter alone. A total of 1,842 participants were included in this analysis.

New Flavonol Glucuronides from the Flower Buds of Syzygium aromaticum (Clove).

Repeated chromatography of the EtOAc-soluble fraction from the 70% EtOH extract of the flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) led to the isolation and characterization of four new flavonol glucuronides, rhamnetin-3-O-β-d-glucuronide (1), rhamnazin-3-O-β-d-glucuronide (2), rhamnazin-3-O-β-d-glucuronide-6″-methyl ester (3), and rhamnocitrin-3-O-β-d-glucuronide-6″-methyl ester (4), together with 15 flavonoids (5-19) having previously known chemical structures. The structures of the new compounds 1-4 were determined by interpretation of spectroscopic data, particularly by 1D- and 2D-NMR studies. Six flavonoids (6, 7, 9, 14, 18, and 19) were isolated from the flower buds of S.

Delay-multiply-and-sum-based synthetic aperture focusing in photoacoustic microscopy.

We propose an improved version of a synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) based on a delay-multiply-and-sum algorithm for acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (AR-PAM). In this method, the photoacoustic (PA) signals from multiple scan-lines are combinatorially coupled, multiplied, and then summed. This process can be considered a correlation operation of the PA signals in each scan-line, so the spatial coherent information between the PA signals can be efficiently extracted.

An Approach to Working Up Cases of Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.

Background: From a therapeutic viewpoint, it is important to differentiate the underlying causes of embolism in patients with cryptogenic stroke, such as aortic arch atheroma, patent foramen ovale, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. We investigated the clinical and radiological characteristics of these 3 common causes of cryptogenic embolism to develop models for decision making in etiologic workups.

Methods And Results: A total of 321 consecutive patients with acute infarcts from cryptogenic embolism were included.

Symptom Interval and Patient Delay Affect Survival Outcomes in Adolescent Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Unique features of adolescent cancer patients include cancer types, developmental stages, and psychosocial issues. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between diagnostic delay and survival to improve adolescent cancer care.

Materials And Methods: A total of 592 patients aged 0-18 years with eight common cancers were grouped according to age (adolescents, ≥10 years; children, <10 years).

Endosonographic Features of Gastric Schwannoma: A Single Center Experience.

Background/aims: Gastric schwannomas are rare benign mesenchymal tumors that are difficult to differentiate from other mesenchymal tumors with malignant potential, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristic findings of gastric schwannomas via endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the EUS findings of 27 gastric schwannoma cases that underwent surgical excision at Pusan National University Hospital during 2007 to 2014.

Immuno-PET Imaging and Radioimmunotherapy of 64Cu-/177Lu-Labeled Anti-EGFR Antibody in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model.

Unlabelled: Immuno-PET provides valuable information about tumor location, phenotype, susceptibility to therapy, and treatment response, especially to targeted radioimmunotherapy. In this study, we prepared antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody via identical chelator, 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.

Differentiating Carotid Terminus Occlusions into Two Distinct Populations Based on Willisian Collateral Status.

Background And Purpose: The outcomes of acute internal carotid artery (ICA) terminus occlusions are poor. We classified ICA terminus occlusions into 2 groups according to the occlusion pattern of the circle of Willis and hypothesized that clinical outcomes would significantly differ between them.

Methods: Consecutive patients with acute ICA terminus occlusions evaluated by baseline computed tomographic angiography were enrolled.