Publications by authors named "Jin S Ahn"
Purpose: Fentanyl, a highly lipophilic opioid, was developed as a sublingual fentanyl tablet (SFT) for the management of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP), and its efficacy and safety were confirmed in a randomized, controlled study. We investigated the effectiveness and safety of SFT administered to alleviate BTcP in a real-world setting.
Materials And Methods: In this prospective, open, single-cohort study, conducted in 13 referral hospitals in South Korea, opioid-tolerant cancer patients receiving around-the-clock opioids for persistent cancer pain were enrolled if the individual had BTcP ≥ 1 episode/day during the preceding week.
Background: The World Health Organization's fifth edition of tumor series classification was published in 2019 and adopted the term 'Neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN)' to encompass all tumor classes with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation (NED). Based on the updated classification of the NEN, we conducted a case series using the Clinical Data Warehouse platform of SMC.
Methods: In this retrospective study, breast NENs and invasive breast carcinomas no special type (IBCNST) with NED, were defined as 'NENS'.
Clinical Outcomes of Maintenance Durvalumab After Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Unresectable Locally Advanced Stage III NSCLC According to EGFR and ALK Status: Korean Cancer Study Group LU-22-18.
JTO Clin Res Rep
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the effectiveness of durvalumab maintenance therapy in patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), comparing those with specific genetic mutations to those without.
- - A total of 339 patients were analyzed, revealing similar progression-free survival (PFS) rates of 21.4 months for wild-type and 21.0 months for mutant groups, while significant differences in PFS were noted based on programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels.
- - The findings suggest that while genetic mutations did not significantly alter outcomes, PD-L1 expression levels had a notable impact on PFS, highlighting the importance
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the incidence of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTRCVT) and identify the radiation dosimetric and clinical risk factors for these events in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.
Methods And Materials: Data from 1378 patients who were treated with curative surgery and adjuvant trastuzumab for breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 959 patients underwent postoperative radiation therapy (RT), whereas 419 patients were managed without RT (no-RT).
Article Synopsis
- This study explores the differences in how patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and seeks to identify key biomarkers that predict these responses.
- Researchers analyzed samples from 33 lung cancer biopsies, focusing on 14 taken before ICI treatment, and found that non-responders had more regulatory and memory T cells, while responders displayed diverse activated CD8+ T cells.
- They identified specific tumor cell activity linked to resistance to ICIs, achieving over 95% accuracy in predicting patient responses by combining immune cell profiles with tumor characteristics, highlighting the importance of the tumor-immune environment in NSCLC treatment.
Article Synopsis
- Osimertinib, a treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer, demonstrated a 4.7% incidence of cardiotoxicity in real-world settings, raising concerns about its long-term safety.
- The study analyzed 1,126 patients and identified risk factors for cardiotoxicity, including older age, previous heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and low left ventricle strain.
- A high recovery rate of 82.4% for cardiac dysfunction was observed, indicating potential reversibility, but emphasizes the need for careful monitoring in at-risk patients.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the role of thyroid immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in predicting the effectiveness of PD-1 blockade for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), revealing they are independent of PD-L1 expression.
- - Out of 71 metastatic NSCLC patients analyzed, those with thyroid irAE showed significantly longer progression-free survival compared to those without, indicating that thyroid irAEs can serve as a useful biomarker in treatment outcomes.
- - Alternative staging methods that incorporate thyroid irAEs improved the prognostic accuracy for disease progression compared to standard TNM staging, emphasizing the importance of these irAEs in identifying patients likely to respond well to PD-1 blockade therapies.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic implications of regional nodal irradiation (RNI) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Materials And Methods: We analyzed 152 patients with residual TNBC who underwent breast-conserving surgery after NAC between December 2008 and December 2017. Most patients (n = 133; 87.
Purpose: This study has a purpose to investigate the side effects of three EGFR-TKIs targeted therapeutic agents (gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib) and all-cause mortality in patients with metastatic lung cancer.
Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study. We selected all patients with newly diagnosed metastatic lung cancer between January and November 2019.
Neuroprotective Effects of Phenolic Constituents from Drynariae Rhizoma.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
August 2024
This study aimed to provide scientific data on the anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) effects of phenolic compounds from Drynariae Rhizoma (DR) extract using a multi-component approach. Screening of DR extracts, fractions, and the ten phenolic compounds isolated from DR against the key AD-related enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) confirmed their significant inhibitory activities. The DR extract was confirmed to have BACE1-inhibitory activity, and the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were found to inhibit all AD-related enzymes, including BACE1, AChE, BChE, and MAO-B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic analysis of structural variants(SVs) in breast cancer (BC) patients has been conducted, but the relationship between genomic alterations and BC prognosis remains unclear. We performed RNA sequencing of 297 early BC fresh-frozen tissues. We identified SVs using three tools (STAR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Recent advances in treating resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly the ADAURA trial, highlight the effectiveness of osimertinib for patients at high risk of relapse, necessitating further studies to identify these specific subgroups.
- A study analyzing data from 3,176 NSCLC patients concluded that 14.0% experienced late recurrence, with the EGFR-mutant subgroup being particularly studied for relapse factors.
- Key factors influencing postoperative relapse in patients with EGFR mutations include age, pathologic N and TNM stages, pleural invasion status, and type of surgery, indicating that those with advanced conditions or specific surgical histories are at greater risk.
Article Synopsis
- Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a higher risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, particularly those who are older or have advanced disease stages.
- The study analyzed 1,127 NSCLC patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 2020 to April 2022, finding that most continued their cancer treatments despite infection.
- Case fatality rates varied significantly based on disease stage, with 0.86% for early-stage, 4.4% for locally advanced, and 9.96% for advanced NSCLC, with factors like age and treatment type influencing these outcomes.
Purpose: Current studies of the efficacy of scalp cooling are limited by short-term duration. Therefore, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of scalp cooling in reducing persistent chemotherapy-induced alopecia (PCIA) 6 months after chemotherapy.
Methods: We conducted an open-label randomized controlled trial comparing scalp cooling versus control in newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer stages I-III scheduled to receive neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy with curative intent between December 2020 and August 2021.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of an 80 mg daily dose of osimertinib in patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LMs) who have previously been treated with other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).
- A total of 73 patients were treated, and findings include a median overall survival of 15.6 months and a 51.6% objective response rate, indicating substantial effectiveness in controlling the disease.
- The results support the use of osimertinib as a promising treatment option for patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer who develop LMs, highlighting its significant intracranial activity and manageable safety profile.
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Patients with Stage IIIA/N2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Completely Resected after Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiation: A Prospective, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase 2 Trial.
Cancer Res Treat
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of adjuvant pembrolizumab in patients with stage IIIA/N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent prior neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and complete surgical resection.
- Findings showed a median disease-free survival (DFS) of 22.4 months and a 5-year DFS rate of 29%, indicating pembrolizumab may help control the disease long-term for some patients.
- Despite some patients experiencing tumor recurrence, no new safety concerns were observed, suggesting that pembrolizumab could be a viable treatment option post-surgery for specific NSCLC patients.
Article Synopsis
- Chemo patients often struggle with symptoms that impact their physical function and overall quality of life, necessitating effective symptom monitoring for better outcomes.
- This study investigates the effectiveness of a mobile app for remote symptom monitoring on physical function in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, involving 372 participants from three hospitals in Seoul.
- Key outcomes will track changes in physical function, pain, depression, and other health indicators, with ethical approvals and participant consent already secured for the trial.
Purpose: In this study, we investigated the effect of bisphenol-A (BPA) and its major analogs, bisphenol-F (BPF), and bisphenol-S (BPS), on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) populations using SSC culture and transplantation models.
Materials And Methods: SSCs enriched from 6- to 8-day-old C57BL/6-eGFP⁺ male mice testes were treated with varying concentrations of bisphenols for 7 days to examine bisphenol-derived cytotoxicity and changes in SSC characteristics. We utilized flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, and western blot analysis.
Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the recommended adjuvant treatment for patients with resectable, -positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data on the efficacy and safety of adjuvant alectinib as compared with chemotherapy in patients with resected -positive NSCLC are lacking.
Methods: We conducted a global, phase 3, open-label, randomized trial in which patients with completely resected, -positive NSCLC of stage IB (tumors ≥4 cm), II, or IIIA (as classified according to the seventh edition of the of the American Joint Committee on Cancer and Union for International Cancer Control) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral alectinib (600 mg twice daily) for 24 months or intravenous platinum-based chemotherapy in four 21-day cycles.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists studied how to tell if small cell lung cancer might come back using special blood tests that look for tiny pieces of tumor DNA.
- They found that patients who had certain DNA changes or different types of DNA fragments in their blood had a higher chance of their cancer returning sooner.
- This research could help doctors figure out which patients are at a higher risk and make better treatment plans to help them.
Article Synopsis
- Recent research highlights the importance of novel transcriptional factor-based molecular subtypes in predicting outcomes for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients through in-depth analysis of multi-omics data combined with immunohistochemistry (IHC).
- The study involved a comprehensive examination of data from 427 SCLC patients, focusing on mutation profiles, gene expression, and inflammation signatures, revealing distinct molecular subtypes and their clinical outcomes.
- Findings showed significant differences in survival rates among subtypes, with the ASCL1 subtype exhibiting the most favorable overall survival, and inflamed tumors being more responsive to immunotherapy compared to non-inflamed tumors.
Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for distress during cancer diagnosis on clinical outcomes in a real-world setting. We aimed to evaluate whether routine information and psychosocial support to patients experiencing distress at the time of diagnosis could decrease the risk of mortality within 1 and 3 years after diagnosis.
Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 4880 newly diagnosed cancer patients who reported distress scores of ≥4 using the tablet or kiosk-based screening between July 2014 and December 2017 at a university-affiliated cancer center in Seoul, South Korea.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate clinical practices and factors related to the outcomes of T-DM1 use in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (mBC).
Methods: We included patients with HER2-positive mBC who received T-DM1 as a palliative therapy between August 2017 and December 2018. The safety and outcomes of T-DM1, including overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), were evaluated.
Background: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is a representative oncogenic driver mutation. Only about 12% of EGFR mutation patients have the exon 20 insertion mutation, which is the third most frequent mutation among EGFR mutation NSCLC. Amivantamab, an EGFR and MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) bispecific antibody, was approved for NSCLC patients with the EGFR exon 20 insertion (E20I) mutation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: We aimed to compare the oncological outcomes and toxicities of definitive proton beam therapy (PBT) and photon beam therapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC).
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 262 patients with newly diagnosed LS-SCLC who underwent definitive PBT (n = 20; proton group) or photon beam therapy (n = 242; photon group) with concurrent chemotherapy between January 2016 and February 2021 and compared overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), dose-volume parameters, and toxicities between the groups.
Results: The median follow-up duration was 24.