Uncovering the rewired IAP-JAK regulatory axis as an immune-dependent vulnerability of LKB1-mutant lung cancer.

Harnessing the power of immune system to treat cancer has become a core clinical approach. However, rewiring of intrinsic circuitry by genomic alterations enables tumor cells to escape immune surveillance, leading to therapeutic failure. Uncovering the molecular basis of how tumor mutations induce therapeutic resistance may guide the development of intervention approaches to advance precision immunotherapy.

FMRI Data Analysis Preserving Map Variability Via Unsupervised Object-Centric Learning.

A novel data-driven functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data analysis method is proposed using a deep object-centric learning paradigm. The method can faithfully estimate the variabilities in the spatial neural activation maps, which capture functional interconnections in the brain, over fMRI volumes. The key idea is to treat the component maps composing individual fMRI volumes as "objects," whose latent representations are separately learned by a set of autoencoders.

Ferroptosis activation contributes to kidney aging in mice by promoting tubular cell senescence.

Kidney aging is the strongest independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Ferroptosis, a recently discovered form of cell death mediated by iron overload and lipid peroxidation accumulation, has an unclear role in kidney aging. To determine the pathophysiological role of ferroptosis during kidney aging, we employed immunofluorescence, western blotting, and qRT‒PCR to analyze renal cells and tissues in natural aging and accelerated aging mouse models.

Dual Doping in Precious Metal Oxides: Accelerating Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Developing a highly active and stable catalyst for acidic oxygen evolution reactions (OERs), the key half-reaction for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis, has been one of the most cutting-edge topics in electrocatalysis. A dual-doping strategy optimizes the catalyst electronic environment, modifies the coordination environment, generates vacancies, and introduces strain effects through the synergistic effect of two elements to achieve high catalytic performance. In this review, we summarize the progress of dual doping in RuO or IrO for acidic OERs.

County-to-county migration is associated with county-level racial bias in the United States.

Millions of people move within the U.S. each year.

[Expression of GATA1 in bronchial asthma and its effect on the transcription regulation of the gene].

Objectives: To study the expression of the transcription factor GATA1 in bronchial asthma (referred to as asthma) and its effect on the expression level of the asthma susceptibility gene orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ORMDL3), along with the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: The study included 28 cases of moderate asthma, 46 cases of severe asthma, and 12 normal controls from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The mRNA expression levels of GATA1 and ORMDL3 were analyzed among the asthma patients and the normal controls, including their correlation.

Fabrication of CMC-PVA-EGDE hydrogels for maintaining overall postharvest quality of small-size packaged straw mushroom.

The last-mile shipping or storage with a small-size and easy-carrying package from the distribution centers/retail markets to the customer's kitchens is a key issue to provide the fresh products for consumers. In the present study, a CMC-PVA-EGDE hydrogel with excellent transparency, highest swelling ratio value of 1011 % and complete shape recovery after dehydration was prepared by using 5 % of CMC, 1 % of PVA and 5 % of EGDE as a crosslinking agent. The prepared CMC-PVA-EGDE hydrogel with 80 % of water content maintained a high relative humidity of 92 % by absorbing and slowly-releasing the moisture in the small-size package and guaranteed the overall postharvest quality of the small-size packaged straw mushrooms to 4 d.

Thermal-crosslinked acellular dermal matrix combined with adipose-derived stem cells to regenerate vascularized adipose tissue.

The reconstruction of large-sized soft tissue defects remains a substantial clinical challenge, with adipose tissue engineering emerging as a promising solution. The acellular dermal matrix (ADM), known for its intricate spatial arrangement and active cytokine involvement, is widely employed as a scaffold in soft tissue engineering. Since ADM shares high similarity with decellularized adipose matrix, it holds potential as a substitute for adipose tissue.

SiC MOSFET with Integrated SBD Device Performance Prediction Method Based on Neural Network.

The SiC MOSFET with an integrated SBD (SBD-MOSFET) exhibits excellent performance in power electronics. However, the static and dynamic characteristics of this device are influenced by a multitude of parameters, and traditional TCAD simulation methods are often characterized by their complexity. Due to the increasing research on neural networks in recent years, such as the application of neural networks to the prediction of GaN JBS and Finfet devices, this paper considers the application of neural networks to the performance prediction of SiC MOSFET devices with an integrated SBD.

Unraveling Ferroptosis: A New Frontier in Combating Renal Fibrosis and CKD Progression.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern caused by conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and chronic nephritis, leading to structural and functional kidney injury. Kidney fibrosis is a common outcome of CKD progression, with abnormal fatty acid oxidation (FAO) disrupting renal energy homeostasis and leading to functional impairments. This results in maladaptive repair mechanisms and the secretion of profibrotic factors, and exacerbates renal fibrosis.

A Stepwise Approach to Surgical Decision-making for Lower Eyelid Ectropion: Insights from a Retrospective Study.

Background: Cicatricial lower-eyelid ectropion is a serious complication resulting from undesired lower lid blepharoplasty or impaired wound healing. Surgical treatment for ectropion is challenging for oculoplastic surgeons due to the unpredictability of surgical outcome and the difficulty of surgical design.

Objectives: The authors aimed to fully describe the surgical decision-making strategy for cicatricial ectropion, and to potentially enhance treatment outcomes.

Hepatic Steatosis Analysis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Based on Artificial Intelligence.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver, excluding excessive alcohol consumption and other known causes of liver injury. Animal models are often used to explore different pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets of MASLD. The aim of this study is to apply an artificial intelligence (AI) system based on second-harmonic generation (SHG)/two-photon-excited fluorescence (TPEF) technology to automatically assess the dynamic patterns of hepatic steatosis in MASLD mouse models.

Optical sectioning methods in three-dimensional bioimaging.

In recent advancements in life sciences, optical microscopy has played a crucial role in acquiring high-quality three-dimensional structural and functional information. However, the quality of 3D images is often compromised due to the intense scattering effect in biological tissues, compounded by several issues such as limited spatiotemporal resolution, low signal-to-noise ratio, inadequate depth of penetration, and high phototoxicity. Although various optical sectioning techniques have been developed to address these challenges, each method adheres to distinct imaging principles for specific applications.

Comprehensive analysis of skin growth-related hub genes and microenvironment characterization in a mouse expanded skin model.

Background: Mechanical stretch-mediated tissue expansion is effective for obtaining extra skin and soft tissue required for the repair of defects or reconstruction of surface organs. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms and identifying hub genes and key cell types associated with skin expansion could help predict the success of skin growth during expansion procedures.

Methods: We analyzed murine chip sequencing data and single-cell sequencing data available from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Hypocrellin A from an ethnic medicinal fungus protects against NLRP3-driven gout in mice by suppressing inflammasome activation.

Abnormal activation of NLRP3 inflammasome causes the progression of gout, and no small-molecule inhibitor of NLRP3 has been approved yet for clinical use. In this study we established a nigericin-induced inflammasome activation cell model for screening of a natural product library by measuring IL-1β secretion in cell supernatants. Among 432 compounds tested, we found that hypocrellin A (HA), one of the major active components of a traditional ethnic medicinal fungus Hypocrella bambusea in the Northwest Yunnan of China, exhibited the highest inhibition on IL-1β production (IC = 0.

Mechano-induced arachidonic acid metabolism promotes keratinocyte proliferation through cPLA2 activity regulation.

Mechano-induced keratinocyte hyperproliferation is reported to be associated with various skin diseases. Enhanced cell proliferation often requires the active metabolism of nutrients to produce energy. However, how keratinocytes adapt their cellular metabolism homeostasis to mechanical cues remains unclear.

Inhibition of the E3 ligase UBR5 stabilizes TERT and protects vascular organoids from oxidative stress.

Background: Excessive oxidative stress is known to cause endothelial dysfunction and drive cardiovascular diseases (CVD). While telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) shows protective effects against oxidative stress in rodents and is associated to human flow-mediated dilation in CVD, its regulatory mechanisms in human vascular systems under pathological oxidative stress require further investigation.

Methods: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were used to create vascular organoids (VOs).

Covalent DNA-Encoded Library Workflow Drives Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural Protein Inhibitors.

The COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbated by persistent viral mutations, underscored the urgent need for diverse inhibitors targeting multiple viral proteins. In this study, we utilized covalent DNA-encoded libraries to discover innovative triazine-based covalent inhibitors for the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL, Nsp5) and the papain-like protease (PL) domains of Nsp3, as well as novel non-nucleoside covalent inhibitors for the nonstructural protein 12 (Nsp12, RdRp). Optimization through molecular docking and medicinal chemistry led to the development of , a nonpeptide 3CL inhibitor with an IC of 0.

SLC30A4-AS1 Mediates the Senescence of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in Inflammatory Environments via the Alternative Splicing of TP53BP1.

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are key cells that suppress periodontal damage during both the progression and recovery stages of periodontitis. Although substantial evidence has demonstrated that incubation under an inflammatory condition may accelerate senescence of PDLSCs, whether cellular senescence in response to inflammatory incubation contributes to cell dysfunction remain unexplored. In this study, we first observed inflammation-caused PDLSC senescence in periodontitis based on comparisons of matched patients, and this cellular senescence was demonstrated in healthy cells that were subjected to inflammatory conditions.

Indoor Air Quality Monitoring System with High Accuracy of Gas Classification and Concentration Prediction via Selective Mechanism Research.

The efficacy of sensors, particularly sensor arrays, lies in their selectivity. However, research on selectivity remains notably obscure and scarce. In this work, indoor pollutants (CH, HCHO, CH, and NO) were chosen as the target gas.

Ameliorative effect of rutecarpine supplementation against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats via inhibition of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, high-mobility group box 1, and nuclear factor kappa B.

Cisplatin, the pioneering heavy metal compound, stands out as a potent drug for the treatment of various solid tumors. However, its clinical utility is hampered by notable toxicity and adverse effects, particularly nephrotoxicity. The potency of rutecarpine, a phytochemical, in mitigating cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was assessed in the present study.

Parental emotional support, self-efficacy, and mental health problems among adolescents in Hong Kong: a moderated mediation approach.

Introduction: Early signs of mental health issues may develop into severe mental illnesses over time. The influence of parental emotional support on adolescent mental health problems is well acknowledged. However, prior research has predominantly focused on psychological symptoms, often neglecting the somatic symptoms associated with mental health.