Protective effect of mixture of and against ultraviolet B-induced photodamage in human fibroblast and hairless mouse.

Unlabelled: Skin photoaging, characterized by collagen degradation and upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), is a major concern caused by UVB irradiation. In this study, we investigated the potential of extract (ASE) and (CSE) extracts to mitigate the effects of UVB-induced photodamage in human fibroblast and hairless mice. Water extracts of AS (ASE) and CS (CSE) were found to inhibit the expression of MMP-1/-3 in vitro.

Maxim Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits the Invasion of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells via Oxidative Stress Regulation.

Maxim (SMM) is a Korean endemic plant belonging to the Crassulaceae family. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of the SMM extract on human ovarian cancer cells. Among five endemic plants grown in Korea, the SMM extract showed the most potent cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells and had little effect on normal ovarian surface epithelial cells.

Double Negative Differential Resistance Device Based on Hafnium Disulfide/Pentacene Hybrid Structure.

Recently, combinations of 2D van der Waals (2D vdW) materials and organic materials have attracted attention because they facilitate the formation of various heterojunctions with excellent interface quality owing to the absence of dangling bonds on their surface. In this work, a double negative differential resistance (D-NDR) characteristic of a hybrid 2D vdW/organic tunneling device consisting of a hafnium disulfide/pentacene heterojunction and a 3D pentacene resistor is reported. This D-NDR phenomenon is achieved by precisely controlling an NDR peak voltage with the pentacene resistor and then integrating two distinct NDR devices in parallel.

Enhanced Triboelectric Performance of Modified PDMS Nanocomposite Multilayered Nanogenerators.

Recently, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been widely utilized to address the energy demand of portable electronic devices by harvesting electrical energy from human activities or immediate surroundings. To increase the surface charge and surface area of negative TENGs, previous studies suggested several approaches such as micro-patterned arrays, porous structures, multilayer alignment, ion injections, ground systems and mixing of high dielectric constant materials. However, the preparation processes of these nanocomposite TENGs have been found to be complex and expensive.

Associations of truncal body composition with cognitive status in patients with dementia.

Backgound: Central obesity in midlife is a risk factor of cognitive decline and dementia, and also one of the factors that make cognitive functions deteriorate rapidly.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between truncal body composition (fat and muscle) and cognitive impairment in patients with dementia.

Methods: A total of 81 female over 60 years of age with probable Alzheimer's disease were recruited between November 2014 and September 2015.

Effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on post-stroke cognitive impairment and vascular dementia: A meta-analysis.

Cognitive impairment is a common complication observed after a stroke. Currently there are no definitively proven pharmacologic therapies for recovery from post-stroke cognitive impairment and vascular dementia. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors in their improvement of cognition in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment and vascular dementia.

Role of Muscle Profile in Alzheimer's Disease: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Many factors are known to affect the rate of cognitive decline; however, studies on clinical outcomes are rare. Muscle profile and their relationship to dementia trajectories have not been extensively investigated. We investigated factors that affect the rate of clinical decline and the usefulness of muscle profiles for predicting the clinical outcomes of patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD).

Muscle Strength Is Independently Related to Brain Atrophy in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.

Background/aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Interestingly, muscle mass (MM) and muscle strength (MS) are related to AD. In addition to the muscle profile, brain atrophy is also a prominent feature of AD.

Muscle profile and cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia.

Introduction: Neurodegenerative disease is one of the main contributing factors affecting muscle atrophy. However, this intriguing brain-muscle axis has been explained by the unsubstantial mechanisms. Although there have been several studies that have evaluated the muscle profile and its relation to cognition in patients with dementia, there is still lack of data using standardized methods and only few published studies on Korean populations.

Low-dose steroid-induced tumor lysis syndrome in a hepatocellular carcinoma patient.

Tumor lysis syndrome is rare in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but it has been reported more frequently recently in response to treatments such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFTA), and sorafenib. Tumor lysis syndrome induced by low-dose steroid appears to be very unusual in HCC. We report a patient with hepatitis-C-related liver cirrhosis and HCC in whom tumor lysis syndrome occurred due to low-dose steroid (10 mg of prednisolone).

Visceral fat as a useful parameter in the differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis.

Background/aims: Because of the similarities in the clinical presentations of Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB), differential diagnosis is critical. Mesenteric adipose tissue hypertrophy and creeping fat are characteristic features of CD. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of visceral fat for the differential diagnosis of CD and ITB.

Diabetes augments cognitive dysfunction in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion by increasing neuronal cell death: implication of cilostazol for diabetes mellitus-induced dementia.

Many patients with diabetes are at increased risk of cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Diabetes mellitus is a vascular risk factor that may increase the risk of dementia through its associations with vascular dementia. We tested whether cognitive impairment could be exacerbated in combined injury using a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion with diabetes.

Vascular factors are associated with the severity of the neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to determine whether vascular risk factors are associated with severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients of Alzheimer's dementia.

Methods: We reviewed medical records of 162 patients with Alzheimer's dementia. The NPS were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).

The relationship between peripheral arthritis and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in ankylosing spondylitis.

Objectives: Although ankylosing spondylitis (AS) primarily affects the axial skeleton, peripheral arthritis occurs in up to 35% of cases. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies are highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis, whereas their role in AS remains unclear. In this study we aimed to assess the prevalence of anti-CCP antibodies in AS patients with peripheral arthritis and their clinical association with peripheral arthritis.

Correlation between complicated diverticulitis and visceral fat.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of complications related to diverticulitis and visceral obesity. The study was based on a retrospective case note review conducted at the Hanyang University Hospital. Patients were diagnosed with diverticulitis based on clinical symptoms and abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings and divided into two groups: those admitted with complicated diverticulitis and those with a simple diverticulitis episode.

Bilateral acute renal cortical necrosis in SLE-associated antiphospholipid syndrome.

Acute renal cortical necrosis (ARCN) is a rare cause of acute kidney injury and is characterized by the entire destruction of the renal cortex. We describe a 16-year-old girl with unremarkable personal or family history who presented with acute anuria and dyspnea. Evaluation showed acute kidney injury associated with metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hematuria, and proteinuria.

Novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) viral encephalitis.

The World Health Organization declared that a new strain of novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus was responsible for the pandemic infection in June 2009. We report a case of encephalitis diagnosed as the H1N1 virus infection. We describe a 17-year-old patient who had a seizure attack, diagnosed with a H1N1 virus infection via real time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Binding mode of cationic monomer and dimer porphyrin with native and synthetic polynucleotides studied by polarized light spectroscopy.

Binding properties of the tricationic porphyrin monomer with a phenolic substituent at the periphery and the porphyrin dimer conjugated with hydrophilic triethylene glycol were investigated in this study using absorption and polarized spectroscopy, namely, circular dichroism (CD) and linear dichroism (LD). The spectral properties of the porphyrin monomer, when complexed with polynucleotides, were essentially the same as that of the well-known meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridiniumyl)porphyrin, indicating that the substitution at one peripheral pyridiniumyl ring did not affect the binding mode. When the porphyrin dimer formed a complex with poly[d(G-C)(2)], a negative CD band and a negative LD(r) spectrum were apparent in the Soret absorption region, with its LD(r) magnitude significantly smaller than that in the DNA absorption region.

Binding of meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin to AT oligomers: effect of chain length and the location of the porphyrin stacking.

Circular dichroism (CD) spectra of meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (TMPyP) that are associated with various duplex and triplex AT oligomers were investigated in this study. A strong positive CD was apparent for both the TMPyP complexed with duplex d[(A-T)(12)](2), d(A)(12).d(T)(12) and triplex d(A)(12).

Binding of meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridium-4-yl)porphyrin to triplex oligonucleotides: evidence for the porphyrin stacking in the major groove.

Induced CD spectra of meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridium-4-yl)porphyrin (TMPyP) complexed with d(A)12.d(T)12, d(G)12.d(C)12 duplex and d(A)12.