Continuum contact process and influence of impurity on the critical behavior in absorbing-state phase transitions in two dimensions.

We study via Monte Carlo simulations the influence of quenched and mobile impurities in the contact process (CP) on two-dimensional lattice and continuum systems. In the lattice system, the effect of mobile impurity was studied for the density n_{i}=0.2 and two selected values of hopping probability for impurity particles, w=0.

Alternative method for measuring characteristic lengths in absorbing phase transitions.

We applied an alternative method for measuring characteristic lengths reported recently by one of us [J. M. Kim, J.

The Effect of Omega-3 Enriched Oral Nutrition Supplement on Nutritional Indices and Quality of Life in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients often experience severe malnutrition during cancer therapies due to gastrointestinal dysfunctions including poor digestion and absorption as well as tumor-associated anorexia. In this study, we performed a randomized clinical trial to determine the efficacy of oral nutrition supplement (ONS) enriched with omega-3 fatty acids on nutritional status, quality of life (QOL), and pro-inflammatory indices.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with GI cancers were recruited and screened for eligibility.

Erratum: Efficacy of Cereal-based Oral Nutrition Supplement on Nutritional Status, Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients Under Cancer Therapy.

[This corrects the article on p. 55 in vol. 25, PMID: 32266180.

Efficacy of Cereal-based Oral Nutrition Supplement on Nutritional Status, Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients Under Cancer Therapy.

A rapid increase in cancer incidence accompanied by aging population requires evidence-based supportive cancer care practices. Cancer therapies often accompany adverse events which induce malnutrition and declined quality of life. We conducted an 8-week non-randomized clinical trial to evaluate efficacy of cereal-based oral nutritional supplement (ONS) intervention on nutritional status, quality of life and inflammatory responses in cancer patients undergoing cancer therapy with 5% < weight loss.

Intrahepatic recurrence of single nodular hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection: an analysis by segmental distribution.

Background: Intrahepatic recurrence is the major cause of management failure after surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we analysed intrahepatic recurrence by HCC distribution using Couinaud's liver segments.

Methods: Recurrence proximity levels were defined with respect to primary tumour locations from Level LR (locoregional) to Level IV.

Hyperuniformity of initial conditions and critical decay of a diffusive epidemic process belonging to the Manna class.

For a fixed-energy Manna sandpile model belonging to a Manna class in one dimension (d=1), we recently showed that the critical decay is different for random and regular initial conditions (ICs). Compared with previous results of natural IC for several models, we suggested for the Manna class that the critical decay depends on the characteristics of the three ICs. But the dependence on the random and regular ICs was shown only for a single model.

Zero-temperature directed polymer in random potential in 4+1 dimensions.

Zero-temperature directed polymer in random potential in 4+1 dimensions is described. The fluctuation ΔE(t) of the lowest energy of the polymer varies as t^{β} with β=0.159±0.

The Efficacy of Oral Nutritional Intervention in Malnourished Cancer Patients: a Systemic Review.

Cancer is currently a leading cause of deaths worldwide and the number of new cases is growing rapidly in both, developed and developing countries. Nutritional management during and after cancer treatment affects treatment efficacy and patient quality of life (QOL). This review systemically examined the effect of oral nutritional interventions on nutritional and clinical outcomes in cancer patients.

Critical behavior for random initial conditions in the one-dimensional fixed-energy Manna sandpile model.

A fixed-energy Manna sandpile model undergoes an absorbing phase transition at a critical ρ_{c}, where an order parameter ϕ(t) decays as t^{-α} in time t. As the prototype of the Manna class, the model has been extensively studied in one dimension. However, the previous estimates of ρ_{c} and some critical exponents are different, depending on the types of initial conditions; random, natural, and regular conditions.

Absence of absorbing phase transitions in a conserved lattice-gas model in one dimension.

A one-dimensional conserved lattice-gas model is known to undergo continuous absorbing phase transitions where some of the critical exponents are exactly known. In one dimension, we recently showed that the model is mapped onto a two species reaction A+B→0 with diffusion rate of D_{A}>0 and D_{B}=0. In this work, it is explicitly shown from the scaling theory for A+B→0 that the observed scaling behavior of the conserved lattice-gas model is not associated with the absorbing phase transitions.

Critical behavior of a fixed-energy Manna sandpile model for regular initial conditions in one dimension.

For a fixed-energy (FE) Manna sandpile model in one dimension, we investigate the critical behavior for regular initial conditions in which activities are distributed at regular intervals on average. The FE Manna model conserves the density ρ of total particles and undergoes an absorbing phase transition at a critical ρ(c). For the regular initial conditions, we show via extensive simulations that the dynamical scaling behaviors differ from those of the random and the natural initial conditions.

Effects of random initial conditions on the dynamical scaling behaviors of a fixed-energy Manna sandpile model in one dimension.

For a fixed-energy (FE) Manna sandpile model in one dimension, we investigate the effects of random initial conditions on the dynamical scaling behavior of an order parameter. In the FE Manna model, the density ρ of total particles is conserved, and an absorbing phase transition occurs at ρ(c) as ρ varies. In this work, we show that, for a given ρ, random initial distributions of particles lead to the domain structure in which domains with particle densities higher and lower than ρ(c) alternate with each other.

Comment on "Dependence of asymptotic decay exponents on initial condition and the resulting scaling violation".

We present the mapping relation between a one-dimensional conserved lattice gas model and a two species reaction A+B→0. From the kinetics of A+B→0, we show that the anomalous critical decay of an order parameter in the conserved lattice gas model results from finite-size effects induced by the domain structure for random initial conditions where the scaling relation z=ν∥/ν⊥ is violated. A simple initial condition satisfying the scaling relation is also discussed.

Preliminary results of binding pancreaticojejunostomy.

Backgrounds/aims: The post-operative complications and clinical course of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) largely depend on the pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ). Several methods of PJ are in clinical use. We analyzed the early results of binding pancreaticojejunostomy (BPJ), a technique reported by SY Peng.

Restricted solid-on-solid model with a proper restriction parameter N in 4+1 dimensions.

A restricted solid-on-solid growth model is studied for various restriction parameters N in d=4+1 dimensions. The interface width W grows as t^{β} with β=0.158 ± 0.

Surface scaling properties of decagonal quasicrystals under nonequilibrium vertical growth.

Restricted solid-on-solid (RSOS) growth models are studied on two different decagonal quasicrystal lattices, namely the Penrose tiling lattice and the random tiling lattice. There exist two types of growth blocks-fat and skinny tiles-which may have different sticking probabilities. We found that the RSOS growths on both lattices belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class when they have the same sticking probabilities in spite of the lack of periodicity in the substrates.

Conserved noise restricted-solid-on-solid model on fractal substrates.

A conserved noise restricted solid-on-solid model on both a Sierpinski gasket substrate and a checkerboard fractal substrate is studied. The interface width W grows as t(β) at early time t and becomes saturated at L(α) for t >> L(z), where L is the system size. We obtain β ≈ 0.

Equilibrium-restricted solid-on-solid growth model on fractal substrates.

The equilibrium-restricted solid-on-solid growth model on fractal substrates is studied by introducing a fractional Langevin equation. The growth exponent beta and the roughness exponent alpha defined, respectively, by the surface width via W approximately t(beta) and the saturated width via W(sat) approximately L(alpha), L being the system size, were obtained by a power-counting analysis, and the scaling relation 2alpha+d(f)=z(RW) was found to hold. The numerical simulation data on Sierpinski gasket, checkerboard fractal, and critical percolation cluster were found to agree well with the analytical predictions of the fractional Langevin equation.

Directed polymer in random media with a defect.

We investigate a directed polymer in random media with an attractive defect at the center of the one-dimensional substrate. Without the defect, the end to end distance Deltax of the polymer follows Deltax approximately t;{1/z} , with z=3/2 and t is the polymer length. When the defect strength is weak, its contribution to Deltax is negligible.

Depinning transition of the Mullins-Herring equation with an external driving force and quenched random disorder.

We study the depinning transition of the quenched Mullins-Herring equation by direct integration method. At critical force Fc, the average surface velocity v(t) follows a power-law behavior v(t) approximately t-delta as a function of time t with delta=0.160(5).

Cyclic topology in complex networks.

We introduce a cyclic coefficient R which characterizes the degree of circulation in complex networks. If a network has a perfect treelike structure, then R becomes zero. The larger value of R represents that the network has more cyclic structure.

Scaling function for surface width for free boundary conditions.

We study the restricted curvature model with both periodic and free boundary conditions and show that the scaling function of the surface width depends on the type of boundary conditions. When the free boundary condition is applied, the surface width shows a new dynamic scaling whose asymptotic behavior is different from the usual scaling behavior of the self-affine surfaces. We propose a generalized scaling function for the surface width for free boundary conditions and introduce a normalized surface width to clarify the origin of the superrough phenomena of the model.

Restricted curvature model with suppression of extremal height.

A discrete growth model with a restricted curvature constraint is investigated by measuring both the surface width and the height difference correlation function. In our model, where an extremal height is suppressed, the surface width W shows the roughness exponent alpha approximately 0.561 and the dynamics exponent z approximately 1.