Sex differences in the prediction of metabolic abnormalities via body mass index in an Eastern Chinese population.

Objective: Body mass index (BMI) is important for predicting the occurrence of metabolic abnormality, but sex differences exist. We aimed to investigate potential sex differences in the predictive value of BMI for metabolic abnormality and to calculate the optimal BMI cut-offs for predicting metabolic abnormality for each sex.

Methods: Participants ( = 4,623) who attended a health check-up centre continuously in Eastern China between January 2022 and December 2023 were evaluated for metabolic abnormalities.

Predictive value of preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index and prognostic nutrition index in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Systemic Immunoinflammatory Index (SII), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer ( EOC). Also, to explore the predictive value of a new scoring system combining PNI and SII (coPNI-SII) in patients with EOC.

Methods: In this study, 154 patients with EOC were analyzed and classified according to the best cut-off values for SII, PNI, PLR, and NLR.

PARP1 Exacerbates Prostatitis by Promoting M1 Macrophages Polarization through NF-κB Pathway.

PARP1 is recognized for its role as a DNA damage sensor and its involvement in inflammatory diseases, but its impact on prostatitis remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate how PARP1 affects prostatitis progression. Our results showed that in 1% carrageenan-induced prostatitis mouse model, Parp1 prostatitic mice showed less pathological damage, decreased prostate weight, and lower inflammatory indices, decreased macrophage and neutrophil infiltration, down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12p70, CCL2, TNF) and up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in prostate tissue.

Corrigendum: Population pharmacokinetics and dosing optimization of imipenem in Chinese elderly patients.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.

Combining Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Experimental Validation to Explore the Effects and Mechanisms of Indirubin on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Purpose: To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of indirubin in treating ALL using network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Methods: Potential targets of indirubin- and ALL-related genes were identified using public databases. Core genes were filtered through protein-protein interaction analysis in Cytoscape.

Comparison of flexible vacuum-assisted ureteral access sheath versus conventional sheath combined with single-use flexible ureteroscope in the treatment of renal calculi.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the flexible vacuum-assisted ureteral access sheath combined with the single-use flexible ureteroscopy in the treatment of renal calculi. We prospectively analyzed the patients treated with single-use flexible ureteroscopy from January 2023 to December 2023, among which 113 cases were treated with flexible vacuum-assisted ureteral access sheath (FV-UAS group) and 113 cases were treated with conventional sheath (conventional sheath group). Patient data ofthe two groups were collected and recorded before and after operation.

Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus via Glucose Metabolism of CD4T Cells.

Background: T cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with their functions regulated by various metabolic pathways. This study explores SLE pathogenesis and the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) via metabolic reprogramming.

Methods: Clinical data and peripheral blood samples were collected from 15 SLE patients and matched healthy controls.

A novel detail-enhanced wavelet domain feature compensation network for sparse-view X-ray computed laminography.

Background: X-ray Computed Laminography (CL) is a popular industrial tool for non-destructive visualization of flat objects. However, high-quality CL imaging requires a large number of projections, resulting in a long imaging time. Reducing the number of projections allows acceleration of the imaging process, but decreases the quality of reconstructed images.

Integrated effects of neighbourhood composition and resource levels on growth of a dominant tree species in a tropical forest.

Abiotic environments and biotic neighbourhoods interact to influence plant growth and community assembly. However, the nature of this interaction depends very much on how biotic neighbourhoods are measured, including their relatedness to focal plants. In a tropical seasonal rainforest, we examine the growth of a dominant canopy species in response to environmental factors, the densities and relatedness of conspecific and heterospecific neighbours, and their interactions.

Survival outcomes between haploidentical stem cell transplantation and chemotherapy for blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an aggressive and rare hematological malignancy with poor clinical outcomes. Stem cell transplantation helps to achieve long-term survival in adults. However, the benefit of haploidentical stem cell transplantation (HID-SCT) versus chemotherapy is unclear with BPDCN.

Novel furazanoazepines derivatives as SDH inhibitors: Design, synthesis and their fungicidal activities.

Plant pathogenic fungi are the damage causes of agriculture and food losses, and novel fungicides is an urgent need for dealing with the increasing resistance. Herein, 37 furazanoazepines derivatives were efficiently synthesized and their antifungal activities against four phytopathogenic fungi were investigated to obtain many effective compounds. Notably, compound 4h was found to exhibited excellent in vitro and in vivo activity against Alternaria alternata, which was obviously better than the positive control osthole.

Identifying novel drug targets for calcific aortic valve disease through Mendelian randomization.

Background And Aims: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is characterized by progressive leaflet thickening and calcification, with no available pharmacological treatments. Plasma proteins play a pivotal role in disease regulation. This study aimed to uncover novel therapeutic targets for CAVD using Mendelian randomization (MR) integrated with transcriptomic analysis.

Molecular contacts with an orthogonal π-skeleton induce amorphization to enhance perovskite solar cell performance.

Perovskite solar cells represent a promising class of photovoltaics that have achieved exceptional levels of performance within a short time. Such high efficiencies often depend on the use of molecule-based selective contacts that form highly ordered molecular assemblies. Although this high degree of ordering usually benefits charge-carrier transport, it is disrupted by structure deformation and phase transformation when subjected to external stresses, which limits the long-term operational stability of perovskite solar cells.

Macrofocal multiple myeloma in the era of novel agents in China.

Background: Macrofocal multiple myeloma (MFMM) is characterized by clonal plasma cells comprising less than 20% of the bone marrow, multiple lytic bone lesions, and the absence of anemia, renal insufficiency, and hypercalcemia. This subtype of multiple myeloma (MM) has a relatively low incidence. Prognostic staging and cytogenetic guidance for MFMM are often insufficient due to the low tumor burden in the bone marrow.

Association of net ultrafiltration intensity and clinical outcomes among critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Net ultrafiltration (UF has been used in the fluid management of critically ill patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy for an extended duration. Despite its widespread application, the correlation between UF intensity and clinical outcomes remains controversial.

Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database) were searched from inception to November 30, 2023.

Bayesian identification of differentially expressed isoforms using a novel joint model of RNA-seq data.

We develop a Bayesian approach, BayesIso, to identify differentially expressed isoforms from RNA-seq data. The approach features a novel joint model of the sample variability and the deferential state of isoforms. Specifically, the within-sample variability and the between-sample variability of each isoform are modeled by a Poisson-Lognormal model and a Gamma-Gamma model, respectively.

Famitinib plus camrelizumab in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: Data from a multicenter, basket study.

Concurrent inhibition of angiogenesis and immune checkpoints represents a potent therapeutic approach. We conducted a phase 2, multicenter, basket study to assess the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of famitinib (anti-angiogenic agent) plus camrelizumab (PD-1 antagonist) in patients with metastatic solid tumors across 11 cohorts (this study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov [NCT04346381]).

Population pharmacokinetics and dosing optimization of imipenem in Chinese elderly patients.

Objectives: To assess the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of imipenem in a retrospective cohort of hospitalized Chinese older patients.

Methods: A population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model was constructed utilizing a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach. The final model underwent evaluation through bootstrap resampling and visual predictive checks.

Oxidative stress and retinopathy: evidence from epidemiological studies.

Background: Previous studies have suggested oxidative stress may play a key role in the pathogenesis of retinopathy, while evidence from observational studies directly linking oxidative biomarkers to clinically relevant outcomes has been limited. This study aims to investigate the association between oxidative balance score (OBS) and prevalence of retinopathy in a nationally representative sample of U.S.

Risk factors and prediction model for sub-threshold depression in young and middle-aged breast cancer patients.

Objective: To explore the current status of subthreshold depression in young and middle-aged breast cancer patients and its influencing factors, in order to guide early identification and intervention in clinical settings.

Methods: The study included 385 young and middle-aged cancer patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2023 to June 2024. Standardized scales were used to evaluate sub-threshold depression, psychological resilience, and self-perceived burden.

Properties of the major Zn-binding site of human alpha-fetoprotein, a potential foetal plasma zinc carrier.

The foetal plasma protein α-fetoprotein (AFP) harbours a high-affinity zinc binding site that is likely involved in transport and delivery of essential zinc during foetal development. Based on a recent electron microscopy structure of AFP and aided by biophysical studies on an AFP-derived peptide, we present a refined 5-coordinate model for this site.