Lentibacillus garicola sp. nov., isolated from myeolchi-aekjeot, a Korean fermented anchovy sauce.

A Gram-stain positive, aerobic and moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain SL-MJ1(T), was isolated from myeolchi-aekjeot, a Korean traditionally fermented anchovy sauce. Cells were observed to be non-spore-forming rods showing oxidase-negative and catalase-positive reactions. Growth of strain SL-MJ1(T) was observed at 15-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 6.

Esculetin induces death of human colon cancer cells via the reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

The present study investigated the apoptotic effects of esculetin, a coumarin derivative, on the human colon cancer cell line HT-29. Esculetin had cytotoxic effects on HT-29 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner; treatment with 55 μg/mL esculetin reduced cell viability by 50%. Esculetin induced apoptosis, as evidenced by apoptotic body formation, an increased percentage of cells in sub-G1 phase, and DNA fragmentation.

Galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) shields human keratinocytes from ultraviolet B-induced oxidative stress.

Most skin damage caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is owing to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Phytochemicals can act as antioxidants against UVB-induced oxidative stress. This study investigated the protective effects of the flavone galangin against UVB-induced oxidative damage in human keratinocytes.

Phloroglucinol enhances the repair of UVB radiation-induced DNA damage via promotion of the nucleotide excision repair system in vitro and in vivo.

Exposure to solar UVB radiation can lead to the formation of DNA lesions such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is critical for the repair of CPDs induced by UV radiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of phloroglucinol to protect against the formation of UVB-induced CPDs in vitro and in vivo.

Immunologic evaluation of patients with cefotetan-induced anaphylaxis.

Cefotetan is a commonly prescribed second-generation cephalosporin that acts against a wide range of bacteria. However, cefotetan-induced hypersensitivity has rarely been reported. We report 2 cases of cefotetan-induced anaphylaxis with immunologic evaluation.

Aliiglaciecola aliphaticivorans sp. nov., an aliphatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium, isolated from a sea-tidal flat and emended description of the genus Aliiglaciecola Jean et al. 2013.

A Gram-stain-negative heterotrophic bacterium, designated GSD6(T), capable of growth on aliphatic hydrocarbons as a sole carbon and energy source, was isolated from sea-tidal flat sediment of the Yellow Sea, South Korea. Cells were facultatively aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Growth of strain GSD6(T) was observed at 4-37 °C (optimum 30 °C), at pH 5.

Correction: Kang, K.A.; et al., Myricetin Protects Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis via Regulation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11, 4348-4360.

The authors want to change Figure 1 of the paper published in IJMS [1]. In Figure 1, 5-position of OH was at 6-position. Therefore, Figure 1 is revised as follows.

Garicola koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from saeu-jeot, traditional Korean fermented shrimp.

A novel Gram-staining-positive, non-endospore-forming, aerobic bacterium, designated strain SJ5-4(T), was isolated from seau-jeot, a traditional food that is made by fermentation of highly salted [approximately 25 % (w/v)] shrimp in Korea. Cells were moderately halophilic, non-motile cocci or short rods that showed catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions. Growth of strain SJ5-4(T) was observed at 15-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.

Camptothecin sensitizes human hepatoma Hep3B cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis via ROS-dependent death receptor 5 upregulation with the involvement of MAPKs.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis in various types of malignant cancer cells, but several cancers have acquired potent resistance to TRAIL-induced cell death by unknown mechanisms. Camptothecin (CPT) is a quinolone alkaloid that induces cytotoxicity in a variety of cancer cell lines. However, it is not known whether CPT triggers TRAIL-induced cell death.

Photo-protective effect of americanin B against ultraviolet B-induced damage in cultured human keratinocytes.

Excessive ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a constituent of sunlight, can induce multiple types of skin damage. We recently demonstrated that americanin B, a lignin compound, protected cells against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced damage by exerting antioxidant effects and inhibiting apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the ability of americanin B to protect against cell injury induced by UVB (280-320nm), the most harmful UV wavelengths, in human HaCaT keratinocytes.

Fisetin induces apoptosis in human nonsmall lung cancer cells via a mitochondria-mediated pathway.

The present study investigated the apoptotic effects of fisetin, a phenolic compound, against the human nonsmall cell lung cancer cell line, NCI-H460. Fisetin showed dose-dependent cytotoxic activity against NCI-H460 cells, with 50% inhibition of cell viability occurring at a concentration of 75 μg/mL. Fisetin induced both the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, as evidenced by apoptotic body formation, DNA fragmentation, an increase in the number of sub-G1 phase cells, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization.

Litoribaculum gwangyangense gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a sea-tidal flat sediment.

A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain GY12(T), was isolated from a tidal flat of South Korea. Cells were moderately halotolerant, catalase- and oxidase-positive rods with gliding motility, and were devoid of flagella. Growth of strain GY12(T) was observed at 15-40 °C (optimum 25-30 °C), pH 6.

Triphlorethol-A from Ecklonia cava up-regulates the oxidant sensitive 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1.

This study investigated the protective mechanisms of triphlorethol-A, isolated from Ecklonia cava, against oxidative stress-induced DNA base damage, especially 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79-4 cells. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) plays an important role in the removal of 8-oxoG during the cellular response to DNA base damage. Triphlorethol-A significantly decreased the levels of 8-oxoG induced by H2O2, and this correlated with increases in OGG1 mRNA and OGG1 protein levels.

Dictyopteris undulata Extract Induces Apoptosis via Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Human Colon Cancer Cells.

Background: Induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells represents an alternative approach for cancer therapy. The objective of this study was to elucidate whether ethanol extract of the marine brown alga Dictyopteris undulata can induce apoptosis, via ER stress, in human colon adenocarcinoma cells.

Methods: Anti-proliferative activity was evaluated by the colony forming assay.

Morin Induces Heme Oxygenase-1 via ERK-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Oxidative stress damages to cells or tissues, however, cellular defense systems including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects them against oxidative stress. Flavonoid compounds can activate cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress and it can reduce cell damages. In the present study, the cytoprotective effects of morin (3,5,7,2',4'-pentahydroxyflavone), in terms of HO-1 enzyme, against the oxidative stress and its involved mechanisms was elucidated.

Recovery of plasmid pEMB1, whose toxin-antitoxin system stabilizes an ampicillin resistance-conferring β-lactamase gene in Escherichia coli, from natural environments.

Non-culture-based procedures were used to investigate plasmids showing ampicillin resistance properties in two different environments: remote mountain soil (Mt. Jeombong) and sludge (Tancheon wastewater treatment plant). Total DNA extracted from the environmental samples was directly transformed into Escherichia coli TOP10, and a single and three different plasmids were obtained from the mountain soil and sludge samples, respectively.

The 2008 US beef scare episode in South Korea: analysis of an unusual public reaction.

We investigated major factors underlying an unusual 2008 public 'candlelight protest' in South Korea about US beef imports related to concerns about bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Using a survey we explored determinants of consumer responses to negative publicity in mass media. Respondents (80.

Fucodiphlorethol G Purified from Ecklonia cava Suppresses Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cellular Damage.

Fucodiphlorethol G (6'-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenoxy)phenoxy]biphenyl-2,2',4,4',6-pentol) is a compound purified from Ecklonia cava, a brown alga that is widely distributed offshore of Jeju Island. This study investigated the protective effects of fucodiphlorethol G against oxidative damage-mediated apoptosis induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. Fucodiphlorethol G attenuated the generation of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and intracellular reactive oxygen species in response to UVB irradiation.

Neuritin attenuates cognitive function impairments in tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Neuritin, also known as CPG15, is a neurotrophic factor that was initially discovered in a screen to identify genes involved in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Neuritin plays multiple roles in the process of neural development and synaptic plasticity, although its binding receptor(s) and downstream signaling effectors remain unclear. In this study, we found that the cortical and hippocampal expression of neuritin is reduced in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and demonstrated that viral-mediated expression of neuritin in the dentate gyrus of 13-month-old Tg2576 mice, an AD animal model, attenuated a deficit in learning and memory as assessed by a Morris water maze test.

Salimicrobium jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from salted, fermented seafood.

A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, motile bacterium, designated strain MJ3(T), was isolated from myeolchi-jeot (anchovy jeotgal), a traditional fermented seafood in South Korea. Cells were non-endospore-forming cocci showing catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions. Growth of strain MJ3(T) was observed at 15-45 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.

Pyrosequencing-based analysis of bacterial community and metabolites profiles in Korean traditional seafood fermentation: a flatfish-fermented seafood.

Bacterial community and metabolites were analyzed in a flatfish jeotgal, a Korean fermented seafood. Inverse relationship of pH and 16S rRNA gene copy number was identified during fermentation. Lactobacillus was the predominant bacterial genus.

Fucoxanthin enhances the level of reduced glutathione via the Nrf2-mediated pathway in human keratinocytes.

Fucoxanthin, a natural carotenoid, is abundant in seaweed with antioxidant properties. This study investigated the role of fucoxanthin in the induction of antioxidant enzymes involved in the synthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH), synthesized by glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) and glutathione synthetase (GSS), via Akt/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related (Nrf2) pathway in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and elucidated the underlying mechanism. Fucoxanthin treatment increased the mRNA and protein levels of GCLC and GSS in HaCaT cells.

Epigenetic alterations are involved in the overexpression of glutathione S-transferase π-1 in human colorectal cancers.

Glutathione S-transferase π-1 (GSTP-1) is a member of the glutathione S-transferase enzyme superfamily, which catalyzes the conjugation of electrophiles to glutathione during the process of detoxification. In this study, the epigenetic alterations of GSTP-1 expression in human colorectal cancers and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. In 10 colon cancer patients, proteomic analysis revealed that expression of GSTP-1 protein was higher in tumor tissues than in paired adjacent normal tissues.

Relationship between EGFR mutations and clinicopathological features of lung adenocarcinomas diagnosed via small biopsies.

Aim: We performed this study to evaluate the frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and their association with the histological subtype of lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed via small biopsy specimens.

Patients And Methods: Three hundred and fifty-nine lung adenocarcinoma specimens were tested for EGFR mutation by a direct sequencing method. In 135 patients, histological subtypes were classified according to the 2011 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society classification.