Comparison for immunophysiological responses of Jeju and Thoroughbred horses after exercise.

Objective: The study was conducted to investigate variations in the immunophysiological responses to exercise-induced stress in Jeju and Thoroughbred horses.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of adult Jeju (n = 5) and Thoroughbred (n = 5) horses before and after 30 min of exercise. The hematological, biochemical, and immunological profiles of the blood samples were analyzed.

Characterization of gene expression and genetic variation of horse ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 in Thoroughbreds.

Objective: This study aimed to test the expression patterns of ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 () before and after exercise and the association of non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) of horse with racing traits in Thoroughbreds.

Methods: We performed bioinformatics and gene expression analyses for horse . Transcription factor (TF) binding sites in the 5'-regulatory region of this gene were identified through a tool for prediction of TF-binding site (PROMO).

Molecular analysis of alternative transcripts of equine AXL receptor tyrosine kinase gene.

Objective: Since athletic performance is a most importance trait in horses, most research focused on physiological and physical studies of horse athletic abilities. In contrast, the molecular analysis as well as the regulatory pathway studies remain insufficient for evaluation and prediction of horse athletic abilities. In our previous study, we identified receptor tyrosine kinase () gene which was expressed as alternative spliced isoforms in skeletal muscle during exercise.

Analysis of metabolomic patterns in thoroughbreds before and after exercise.

Objective: Evaluation of exercise effects in racehorses is important in horseracing industry and animal health care. In this study, we compared metabolic patterns between before and after exercise to screen metabolic biomarkers for exercise effects in thoroughbreds.

Methods: The concentration of metabolites in muscle, plasma, and urine was measured by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis and the relative metabolite levels in the three samples were compared between before and after exercise.