Light δD apatites reveal deep origin water in North China Craton intracontinental granites and basalts.

Water is essential to the formation of intracontinental granites, but its origin remains elusive. Here we address this scientific problem by analyzing D/H isotopes of apatites, hydrous minerals in Jurassic and Early Cretaceous granites and basalts from eastern North China Craton, where water was previously interpreted as derived from subducting slab. Results reveal extremely low δD values in pristine Early Cretaceous granitic (-203‰ to -127‰) and basaltic (-197‰ to -107‰) apatites, contrasting with relatively high δD values (-137‰ to -47‰) in Jurassic granites.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and risk for arrhythmias: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Clinical observations and epidemiological studies suggest a potential linkage between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and arrhythmias, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. This study investigates the causal relationship between GERD and four types of arrhythmia through a genetic lens, employing Mendelian randomization analysis to elucidate the directionality of these associations.

Methods: Selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were utilized as instrumental variables.

Quality Evaluation of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Failure.

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically assess the methodological quality and key recommendations of the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of liver failure (LF), furnishing constructive insights for guideline developers and equipping clinicians with evidence-based information to facilitate informed decision-making.

Data Sources: Electronic databases and manual searches from January 2011 to August 2023.

Study Selection: Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, then full texts for eligibility.

Garnet secondary ion mass spectrometry oxygen isotopes reveal crucial roles of pulsed magmatic fluid and its mixing with meteoric water in lode gold genesis.

SignificanceThere is a common consensus that lode gold deposits mostly precipitated from metamorphic fluids via fluid boiling and/or fluid-rock interaction, but whether magmatic hydrothermal fluids and the mixing of such fluids with an external component have played a vital role in the formation of lode gold deposits remains elusive. We use garnet secondary ion mass spectrometry oxygen isotope analysis to demonstrate that the world-class Dongping lode gold deposit has been formed by multiple pulses of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and their mixing with large volumes of meteoric water. This study opens an opportunity to tightly constrain the origin of lode gold deposits worldwide and other hydrothermal systems that may have generated giant ore deposits in the Earth's crust.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel artemisone-piperazine-tetronamide hybrids.

For the first time, six novel artemisone-piperazine-tetronamide hybrids (12a-f) were efficiently synthesised from dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and investigated for their cytotoxicity against some human cancer cells and benign cells. All the targets showed good cytotoxic activity . Hybrid 12a exhibited much better inhibitory activity against human liver cancer cell line SMMC-7721 (IC = 0.

Application of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Effectively Eliminates Endotoxemia to Protect Rat from Acute Liver Failure Induced by Thioacetamide.

Background: Endotoxemia is related to worse clinical outcomes in acute liver failure (ALF), but its management remains unsatisfactory. In this study, we aimed to assess whether the application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) could eliminate endotoxemia and protect rats against ALF induced by thioacetamide (TAA).

Methods: BMSCs were isolated from rats and identified by the specific morphology, differentiation potential, and surface markers.

Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Regioselective Dehydrogenative Coupling of Indoles, 2-Methylbut-2-ene, and Carboxylic Acids.

Five-carbon (C5) structural units are the fundamental building blocks of many natural products. An unprecedented palladium-catalyzed three-component dehydrogenative cascade coupling of indoles, 2-methylbut-2-ene, and carboxylic acids has been developed. The approach enables the straightforward introduction of a C3'-bonded five-carbon structural unit with a tertiary alcohol quaternary carbon center into indoles.

5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine alleviates the progression of primary biliary cholangitis by suppressing the FoxP3 methylation and promoting the Treg/Th17 balance.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a common autoimmune liver disease manifested by the infiltration of CD4 T cells, and the subsequent targeted injury of biliary epithelial cells (BECs). As important components of CD4 subsets, the Treg/Th17 axis maintains an immunological balance between self-tolerance and inflammation in the liver microenvironment. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of the Treg/Th17 axis in PBC remain unclear.

Initial subduction-related magmatism in southern Alaska identified by geochemistry and zircon Hf-O isotopes.

Abundant arc-type magmatic and metamorphic rocks exist on Earth today, which provide insights into the equilibrium state of the subduction process. However, magmatic samples generated during the initial stage of subduction is largely unknown. This hinders our understanding of the subduction initiation process and by inference, the onset of plate tectonics as well as the history of crustal formation.

Na-Ln Heterometallic Coordination Polymers: Structure Modulation by Na Concentration and Efficient Detection to Tetracycline Antibiotics and 4-(Phenylazo)aniline.

On the basis of the lanthanide metalloligand [Ln(ODA)] (HODA = oxydiacetic acid), three new Na-Ln heterometallic coordination polymers, [Ln(ODA)Na] [Ln = Eu () and Gd ()] and [Tb(ODA)Na(HO)] (), had been assembled by adjusting the concentration of Na ions in the reaction system. The investigations of fluorescence sensing showed that could be a ratiometric probe to detect tetracycline () and oxytetracycline () with high sensitivity and low detection limits, 71.92 ppb for the former and 45.

Synthesis of artemisinin-piperazine-furan ether hybrids and evaluation of in vitro cytotoxic activity.

For the first time, eight novel artemisinin-piperazine-furane ether hybrids (5a-h) were efficiently synthesized and investigated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against some human cancer and benign cells. The absolute configuration of hybrid 5c was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Hybrids 5a-h exhibited more pronounced growth-inhibiting action on hepatocarcinoma cell lines than their parent dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and the reference cytosine arabinoside (ARA).

Natural Clinopyroxene Reference Materials for Sr Isotopic Analysis via LA-MC-ICP-MS.

Clinopyroxene is a major host mineral for lithophile elements in the mantle lithosphere, and therefore, its origin is vital for constraints on mantle evolution and melt generation. Sr isotopic measurement of clinopyroxene has been available since the recent development of laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) in the 2000s. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for natural clinopyroxene reference materials for Sr isotope microanalysis.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into intestinal epithelioid cells through the ERK1/2 pathway.

Background/aims: Previous studies have found that the injection of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in a mouse model of acute hepatic failure significantly relieves intestinal damage and endotoxemia. However, the mechanism of this process remains unknown. This study demonstrated the differentiation of rBMSCs into enterocyte-like cells and possible molecular mechanisms for this with the aim of finding a new treatment for intestinal epithelial injury and endotoxemia during liver failure.

Corrigendum: TSG-6 Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Induces M2 Polarization of Hepatic Macrophages in Mice With Alcoholic Hepatitis Suppression of STAT3 Activation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.

Preparation of aluminum sludge composite gel spheres and adsorption of U(IV) from aqueous solution.

A novel three-dimensional aluminum sludge/polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate(AS/PA/SA) gel spheres were designed and prepared for uranium(VI) adsorption, and it overcomes the shortcomings of poor recycling of powdery aluminum sludge adsorbent and poor stability of sodium alginate. Experiments show that the P-S-AS has a good pH range for removal of uranium (4-5). Fitting experimental data with pseudo-first-order kinetic model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model shows that the adsorption of U(VI) by P-S-AS is a chemical action.

TSG-6 Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Induces M2 Polarization of Hepatic Macrophages in Mice With Alcoholic Hepatitis Suppression of STAT3 Activation.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated protein 6 (TSG-6) is a secreted protein with diverse tissue protective and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to investigate its effective in treating mice with alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and the associated mechanisms. AH was induced in 8-10 week female C57BL/6N mice by chronic-binge ethanol feeding for 10 days.

Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate liver injury induced by chronic-binge ethanol feeding in mice via release of TSG6 and suppression of STAT3 activation.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of pluripotent cells that might be used for treatment of liver disease. However, the efficacy of MSCs for mice with alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and its underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Methods: MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow (BM) of 4-6-week-old male C57BL/6 N mice.

Lactulose improves cognition, quality of life, and gut microbiota in minimal hepatic encephalopathy: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Lactulose is effective in the treatment and prevention of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE), but there are limited data on its use on microbiota in relations to minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) recovery. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of lactulose in recovery of MHE in aspects of cognitive function, quality of life, and impact on intestinal microbiota.

Methods: This multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted in 11 teaching hospitals in China.

The Protective Roles of PPARα Activation in Triptolide-Induced Liver Injury.

Triptolide (TP), one of the main active ingredients in Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, is clinically used to treat immune diseases but is known to cause liver injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the biomarkers for TP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and to determine potential mechanisms of its liver injury. LC/MS-based metabolomics was used to determine the metabolites that were changed in TP-induced liver injury.

Celastrol Protects From Cholestatic Liver Injury Through Modulation of SIRT1-FXR Signaling.

Celastrol, derived from the roots of the , shows a striking effect on obesity. In the present study, the role of celastrol in cholestasis was investigated using metabolomics and transcriptomics. Celastrol treatment significantly alleviated cholestatic liver injury in mice induced by α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT) and thioacetamide (TAA).

Impact of fenofibrate on choroidal neovascularization formation and VEGF-C plus VEGFR-3 in Brown Norway rats.

Objective: This study aims to explore the possible role of fenofibrate in inhibiting choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in Brown Norway (BN) rats.

Methods: BN rats underwent binocular retinal laser photocoagulation to induce CNV. On day one, fenofibrate was injected into the vitreous cavity of rats in the control and experimental groups.

Tenofovir Versus Entecavir for the Treatment of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure due to Reactivation of Chronic Hepatitis B With Genotypes B and C.

Background And Aims: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) can be triggered by reactivation of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and entecavir (ETV) are now the most potent antiviral agents for CHB. This study aimed to compare the short-term safety and efficacy of TDF with ETV in the treatment of ACLF due to reactivation of CHB [hepatitis B virus (HBV)-ACLF].

Predictors of Shunt Dysfunction and Overall Survival in Patients with Variceal Bleeding Treated with Transjugular Portosystemic Shunt Creation Using the Fluency Stent Graft.

Rationale And Objectives: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an established method for portal hypertension. This study was to investigate the long-term safety, technical success, and patency of TIPS, and to determine the risk factors and clinical impacts of shunt dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: A total of 154 consecutive patients undergoing embolotherapy of gastric coronary vein and/or short gastric vein and TIPS creation were prospectively studied.