A Pilot Study on Predicting Ocular Hypertension in Chinese Patients Undergoing Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Penetrating Keratoplasty.

Ocular hypertension (OHT) can lead to corneal transplant failure, yet no predictive model exists for OHT after femtosecond laser-assisted penetrating keratoplasty (Fs-PKP). This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive nomogram for OHT in Chinese patients undergoing Fs-PKP. A retrospective cohort study at Nanjing First Hospital included 238 patients who underwent Fs-PKP and were followed up for two years.

Trimethylamine-N-oxide enhances drought tolerance in Eucalyptus by increasing photosynthesis.

Drought stress significantly reduces agricultural productivity, threatening global food security and timber production. Although trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been shown to enhance drought tolerance in plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato, the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which it regulates drought tolerance in plants remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the physiological and transcriptomic changes in Eucalyptus under drought stress following exogenous TMAO treatment.

Short Term Soft Pellet Diet Changes Intestinal Characteristics in Mice.

Diet alters the function and composition of small intestinal epithelial cells, making the relationship between diet and the intestine a focus of much research. This study aimed to clarify the effects of a soft diet on the small intestine. We fed mice a soft pellet diet (SP) and a control hard pellet diet (CD) for 14 days and examined changes in the epithelial cells of the small intestine.

[Retracted] IQGAP1 plays an important role in the cell proliferation of multiple myeloma via the MAP kinase (ERK) pathway.

Following the publication of the above paper, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that certain discrete western blot data shown in the RT‑qPCR blots in Figs. 1A and 2A, and western blot data in Fig. 5 were strikingly similar to data that had already appeared in previously published papers in different journals written by different authors at different research institutes.

Proximity-induced DNA Ag NC enhancement with a DNA-fueled molecule machine for lung cancer-associated miRNA detection.

Hairpin DNA-templated Ag NCs are atypically synthesized. Intriguingly, these dark Ag NCs can be activated to emit strong red fluorescence when their hairpin structure is opened by complementary DNA. Building on this exciting finding, an unprecedented and proximity-induced Ag NC enhancement system with a DNA-fueled molecule machine is built for the detection of lung cancer-associated miRNA.

Effects of cigarette-derived compounds on the spread of antimicrobial resistance in artificial human lung sputum medium, simulated environmental media and wastewater.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and smoking of tobacco products are two of the most important threats to global human health. Both are associated with millions of deaths every year. Surprisingly, the immediate interactions between these two threats are yet poorly understood.

EMGANet: Edge-Aware Multi-Scale Group-Mix Attention Network for Breast Cancer Ultrasound Image Segmentation.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases for women worldwide. Early and accurate ultrasound image segmentation plays a crucial role in reducing mortality. Although deep learning methods have demonstrated remarkable segmentation potential, they still struggle with challenges in ultrasound images, including blurred boundaries and speckle noise.

MRRM: Advanced biomarker alignment in multi-staining pathology images via multi-scale ring rotation-invariant matching.

Pathology image matching is crucial for assisting pathologists in the comprehensive diagnosis of cancerous areas. However, variations in image rotation and staining caused by inherent slide imaging techniques increase the burden on pathologists, complicating the examination of cancer across different pathology slides. To address this challenge, we introduce multi-scale ring rotation-in variant matching (MRRM), which improves image matching efficiency using ring topology, assisting pathologists in robustly aligning biomarker information across various pathology images.

Utilizing Colorimetric Gas Sensors as a Selective Detector for Gas Chromatography.

Colorimetric gas sensors show promise as selective detectors for gas chromatography (GC), but their application has been limited by the irreversibility of their responses. This study presents the successful hyphenation of colorimetric gas sensors with GC, overcoming this limitation through a novel approach that refreshes the sensor's reaction area with controlled movement, enabling the generation of reversible GC peaks. The sensors, based on acid-base indicators, such as chlorophenol red and bromocresol green, were integrated with a capillary GC column and evaluated for amine detection.

Point-Level Fusion and Channel Attention for 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Driving.

As autonomous driving technology progresses, LiDAR-based 3D object detection has emerged as a fundamental element of environmental perception systems. PointPillars transforms point cloud data into a two-dimensional pseudo-image and employs a 2D CNN for efficient and precise detection. Nevertheless, this approach encounters two primary challenges: (1) the sparsity and disorganization of raw point clouds hinder the model's capacity to capture local features, thus impacting detection accuracy; and (2) existing models struggle to detect small objects within complex environments, particularly regarding orientation estimation.

Recent Advances in Peptide Inhibitors Targeting Wild-Type Ras Protein Interactions in Cancer Therapy.

Ras proteins are pivotal in the regulation of cell proliferation signals, and their dysregulation is intricately linked to the pathogenesis of various malignancies. Peptide inhibitors hold distinct advantages in targeting Ras proteins, attributable to their extensive binding domains, which result from the smooth surfaces of the proteins. The array of specific strategies includes the employment of full hydrocarbon chains, cyclic peptides, linear peptides, and N-terminal nucleation polypeptides.

SfMDiffusion: self-supervised monocular depth estimation in endoscopy based on diffusion models.

Purpose: In laparoscopic surgery, accurate 3D reconstruction from endoscopic video is crucial for effective image-guided techniques. Current methods for monocular depth estimation (MDE) face challenges in complex surgical scenes, including limited training data, specular reflections, and varying illumination conditions.

Methods: We propose SfMDiffusion, a novel diffusion-based self-supervised framework for MDE.

Effects of comprehensive intervention models on cognitive frailty in community-dwelling older adults: A 12-month follow-up study.

Background: Cognitive frailty (CF) is of concern because of its high prevalence in older population and its close association with adverse health outcomes. However, interventions against CF in China are relatively simple. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of comprehensive interventions on CF in community-dwelling older adults.

Co-occurrence and co-expression of antibiotic, biocide, and metal resistance genes with mobile genetic elements in microbial communities subjected to long-term antibiotic pressure: Novel insights from metagenomics and metatranscriptomics.

The burgeoning of antibiotic resistance has emerged as a pressing global challenge. To gain a deeper understanding of the interactions between antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), biocide and metal resistance genes (BRGs&MRGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), this study utilized metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to investigate their co-occurrence and co-expression in two consortia subjected to long-term exposure to chloramphenicol and lincomycin. Long-term exposure to these antibiotics resulted in significant disparities in resistance profiles: Consortium harbored 130 ARGs and 150 BRGs&MRGs, while Consortium contained 57 ARGs and 32 BRGs&MRGs.

High Output Voltage Aqueous Supercapacitors by Water Deactivated Electrolyte over Wide Temperature Range.

Confined by factors such as low operating voltage, poor temperature resistance, and instability at high voltage, the energy density of conventional symmetric aqueous supercapacitors is undesirable over a wide temperature range. It is still challenging to develop aqueous flexible supercapacitors (AFSCs) that can provide stable and high voltage output (>2.0 V) at extreme ambient temperatures.

Complete Surgical Resection of a C3 Neuroenteric Cyst With Concurrent Cervical Fusion Deformity Through Posterior Midline Approach in the Lateral Position: Case Report.

Background And Importance: Enterogenic cysts often occur along the spinal axis and are frequently associated with congenital spinal malformations. The special location of the lesion can limit the surgical resection to achieve complete removal. In this report, the authors describe a successful case of complete resection of a ventral enterogenic cyst in the cervical spinal cord using a posterior midline approach in the lateral position.

Analysis of Structural Design Variations in MEMS Capacitive Microphones.

Different microstructures significantly affect the acoustic performance of MEMS capacitive microphones, particularly in key specifications of interest. This paper presents several microstructures, including rib-reinforced backplates, suspended diaphragms, and outer vent holes. Three MEMS microphone designs were implemented to analyze the impact of these microstructures.

Effects of Resveratrol on Redox Status, Jejunal Injury, and Mitochondrial Function in Intrauterine Growth-Retarded Weaned Piglets.

This study investigated the effects of resveratrol (RSV) on redox status, jejunal injury, and mitochondrial function in intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) weaned piglets. In total, 12 male normal birth weight (NBW) newborn piglets and 24 male IUGR newborn piglets were selected. They were weaned at 26 days of age and then divided into three treatments in a three-week trial: (1) NBW piglets fed a basal diet; (2) IUGR piglets fed a basal diet; (3) IUGR piglets fed a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg RSV.

First Report of Causing Anthracnose on Melon ( L.) in China.

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is an important economic crop in China, with a planting area of about 500,000 hectares, ranking first in the world. In May 2024, anthracnose symptoms were found on melon plants, particularly severe on the mature fruits, in Binyang County, Guangxi, China.

Neuritin improves cognitive impairments in APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease mice model by mitigating neuronal ferroptosis via PI3K/Akt activation.

The neurotrophic factor Neuritin is known to enhance cognitive capacity and to mitigate synaptic impairments in the APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model, suggesting therapeutic potential for clinical treatment. However, the core molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death linked to iron dysregulation and oxidative stress, contributes to neurodegeneration in AD in part by accelerating amyloid-β deposition and neurofibrillary tangle formation.

Programming an Amplified and Self-Calibrated Electrochemical Biosensor with High Sensitivity, Reproducibility, and Stability for ORAOV 1 Detection.

The ability to accurately detect oral cancer overexpressed 1 (ORAOV 1) offers significant potential for the noninvasive and rapid diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Present here is an amplified and self-calibrated electrochemical (EC) biosensor for ORAOV 1 detection. This cutting-edge EC biosensor adopts a fuel-driven DNA molecular machine to induce target recycling, thereby amplifying the signals.

A sample-to-answer digital microfluidic multiplexed PCR system for syndromic pathogen detection in respiratory tract infection.

Timely identification of infectious pathogens is crucial for the accurate diagnosis, management, and treatment of syndromic respiratory diseases. Nevertheless, the implementation of rapid, precise, and automated point-of-care testing (POCT) remains a significant challenge. This study introduces an advanced digital microfluidic (DMF) POCT testing system designed for the rapid molecular syndromic testing of multiple respiratory pathogens from a single untreated sample.

OsHARBI1-1 enhances cadmium tolerance in yeast through YAP1 mediated modulation of cell wall integrity genes and catalase genes.

Harbinger transposase-derived 1 proteins (HARBI1s) play important roles in plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stress. OsHARBI1-1 has been identified as a gene encoding HARBI1-1 protein in rice and has been shown to be responsive to Cadmium (Cd) stress. However, the function of OsHARBI1-1 protein under heavy metal stress remains unclear.

The numbers of biopsied cells in routine clinical process of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) do not affect the pregnancy outcomes of embryos.

Study Question: Does the number of biopsied trophectoderm cells sampled for preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disease (PGT-M) affect subsequent clinical outcomes for those selected embryos?

Summary Answer: The number of biopsied cells does not affect the pregnancy outcome of preimplantation genetically tested embryos.

What Is Known Already: The successful execution of PGT relies on the availability of a certain number of high-quality biopsied cells. Evidence in the literature has reported that blastocyst biopsies may have a negative impact on clinical outcomes.

Efficient and sensitive detection of absorptive defects in fused silica optics based on laser thermal pumping combined with micro-interferometric imaging.

A novel, efficient, and sensitive method for detecting absorptive defects in fused silica optics, called laser thermal pumping combined with micro-interferometric imaging (LTP-MII), is proposed. First, the thermal deformation simulation of fused silica optics under a 355-nm LTP was calculated using a multiphysics field approach. Even with ppm-level absorption on the surface, a 600-W/mm LTP power density could induce a 2.