Effects of maximum dose on local control after stereotactic body radiotherapy for oligometastatic tumors of colorectal cancer.

This study aimed to identify radiotherapy dosimetric parameters related to local failure (LF)-free survival (LFFS) in patients with lung and liver oligometastases from colorectal cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). We analyzed 75 oligometastatic lesions in 55 patients treated with SBRT between January 2014 and December 2021. There was no constraint or intentional increase in maximum dose.

Expression of claudin 18.2 in poorly cohesive carcinoma and its association with clinicopathologic parameters in East Asian patients.

Background: Poorly cohesive carcinoma (PCC) is a distinct subtype of gastric cancer with limited therapeutic options. This study investigated claudin (CLDN) 18.2 expression status in PCCs using a 43-13 A clone.

Impact of cold storage on the oxygenation and oxidation reactions of red blood cells.

Electrostatic binding of deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) to cytoplasmic domain of band 3 anion transport protein occurs as part of the glycolytic regulation in red blood cells (RBCs). Hb oxidation intermediates not only impact RBC's oxygenation but also RBC's membrane through the interaction with band 3. It is not known however whether these critical pathways undergo changes during the storage of RBCs.

Systemic Inflammatory Response Following Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Can Affect Oncologic Outcomes in MSI-H/dMMR Rectal Cancer.

Systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is a crucial determinant of disease progression and survival in patients with colorectal cancer. This study investigated the prognostic relevance of changes in the platelet count on survival and the predictive value of changes in the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the pathological tumor response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) rectal cancer. From 2011 to 2022, data of 46 consecutive patients with MSI-H rectal cancer who were treated with preoperative CRT followed by curative surgery at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital (Daegu, South Korea) were retrospectively analyzed.

In vitro test methods for evaluating high molecular weight polyethylene oxide polymer induced hemolytic and thrombotic potential.

To combat opioid abuse, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a comprehensive action plan to address opioid addiction, abuse, and overdose that included increasing the prevalence of abuse-deterrent formulations (ADFs) in opioid tablets.

Preoperative sequential short-course radiation therapy and FOLFOX chemotherapy versus long-course chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial (SOLAR trial).

Background: Preoperative (chemo)radiotherapy has been widely used as an effective treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), leading to a significant reduction in pelvic recurrence rates. Because early administration of intensive chemotherapy for LARC has more advantages than adjuvant chemotherapy, total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has been introduced and evaluated to determine whether it can improve tumor response or treatment outcomes. This study aims to investigate whether short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by intensive chemotherapy improves oncologic outcomes compared with traditional preoperative long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Clinical implications and chemo-sensitivity of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with poorly cohesive cells-gastric cancer.

Purpose: Poorly cohesive cells-gastric cancer (PCC-GC) represents distinct features within the GC spectrum. The present study investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics and chemo-sensitivity for a relatively large cohort of PCC-GC patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 268 patients diagnosed with stage II or III PCC-GC were included.

Renal glomerular and tubular responses to glutaraldehyde- polymerized human hemoglobin.

Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) are being developed as oxygen and volume replacement therapeutics, however, their molecular and cellular effects on the vasculature and different organ systems are not fully defined. Using a guinea pig transfusion model, we examined the renal glomerular and tubular responses to PolyHeme, a highly characterized glutaraldehyde-polymerized human hemoglobin with low tetrameric hemoglobin content. PolyHeme-infused animals showed no major changes in glomerular histology or loss of specific markers of glomerular podocytes (Wilms tumor 1 protein, podocin, and podocalyxin) or endothelial cells (ETS-related gene and claudin-5) after 4, 24, and 72 h.

Mutations as a Prognostic Factor in Patients With Residual Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Background/aim: PIK3CA mediates various cellular processes, such as transformation, tumor initiation and proliferation, and resistance to apoptosis. This study was conducted to identify the clinical significance and prognostic effect of PIK3CA mutations in patients with residual rectal cancer who underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT).

Patients And Methods: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded surgical specimens were collected from 128 patients between January 2006 and December 2011 and analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction for hotspot mutations in exons 9 and 20 of the PIK3CA gene.

Determining critical overlap concentration of polyethylene oxide to support excipient safety assessment of opioid products.

Intravenous administration of abuse-deterrent opioid products poses high safety risks, in part due to the presence of high molecular weight polymeric excipients. Previous in vivo studies in animal models have shown that the higher molecular weight (Mw) polymeric excipients like polyethylene oxide (PEO) were directly linked to such adverse responses as intravenous hemolysis and kidney damage. PEO polymers have been widely used in abuse-deterrent formulations (ADF) of opioid products, adding to concerns over the general safety of the opioid category due to the unknown safety risk from abuse via unintended routes.

Oncological impact of intraperitoneal chemotherapy after cytoreductive surgery for patients with colorectal peritoneal metastasis: A bi-institutional retrospective analysis.

Background And Objectives: There is a paucity of evidence on the value of intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for colorectal peritoneal metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the association between mitomycin C-IPC and survival outcomes following CRS.

Methods: The institutional databases of two tertiary hospitals were reviewed to identify patients who underwent CRS for colorectal peritoneal metastasis.

Clinical Implication of KRAS Mutation Variants in Patients With Resected Colon Cancer.

Aim: This study evaluated the clinical implication of KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (KRAS) mutation variants in patients with resected colon cancer (CC).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 482 patients diagnosed with CC who underwent curative surgical resection at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital. The inclusion criteria were: Pathologically diagnosed with primary CC; stage I-III CC according to the 7th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system; and with available test results for KRAS mutation status.

ZOOMICS: Comparative Metabolomics of Red Blood Cells From Guinea Pigs, Humans, and Non-human Primates During Refrigerated Storage for Up to 42 Days.

Unlike other rodents, guinea pigs () have evolutionarily lost their capacity to synthesize vitamin C (ascorbate) and, like several non-human primates and humans, rely on dietary intake and glutathione-dependent recycling to cope with oxidant stress. This is particularly relevant in red blood cell physiology, and especially when modeling blood storage, which exacerbates erythrocyte oxidant stress. Herein we provide a comprehensive metabolomics analysis of fresh and stored guinea pig red blood cell concentrates ( = 20), with weekly sampling from storage day 0 through 42.

Hyperoxia-Induced ΔR: MRI Biomarker of Histological Infarction in Acute Cerebral Stroke.

Objective: To evaluate whether hyperoxia-induced ΔR (hyperOΔR) can accurately identify histological infarction in an acute cerebral stroke model.

Materials And Methods: In 18 rats, MRI parameters, including hyperOΔR, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), cerebral blood flow and volume, and F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on PET were measured 2.5, 4.

Clinical Impact of Prognostic Nutrition Index for Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients with Peritoneal Metastases Treated Nivolumab Monotherapy.

Although nivolumab shows survival benefits for patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), predictive biomarkers for nivolumab treatment in AGC remain unclear, especially in the case of peritoneal metastases. This study investigated the clinical significance of the prognostic nutrition index (PNI), reflecting the host nutritional status and immunity, in AGC patients undergoing nivolumab monotherapy. This study retrospectively analyzed 53 AGC patients who received nivolumab between October 2017 and February 2021.

Clinical implication of adjuvant chemotherapy according to mismatch repair status in patients with intermediate-risk stage II colon cancer: a retrospective study.

Backgruound: The present study evaluated the clinical implications of adjuvant chemotherapy according to the mismatch repair (MMR) status and clinicopathologic features of patients with intermediate- and high-risk stage II colon cancer (CC).

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 5,774 patients who were diagnosed with CC and underwent curative surgical resection at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital. The patients were enrolled according to the following criteria: (1) pathologically diagnosed with primary CC; (2) stage II CC classified based on the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system; (3) intermediate- and high-risk features; and (4) available test results for MMR status.

The impact of systematic assessment for adverse events on unscheduled hospital utilization in patients receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy: A retrospective multicenter study.

Background: This study was conducted to compare the reported adverse event (AE) profiles and unexpected use of medical services during chemotherapy between before and after the healthcare reimbursement of AE evaluation in patients with cancer.

Patients And Methods: Using the electronic medical record database system, extracted patients with breast, lung, gastric, and colorectal cancers receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy between September 2013 and December 2016 at four centers in Korea were matched using the 1:1 greedy method: pre-reimbursement group (n = 1084) and post-reimbursement group (n = 1084). Unexpected outpatient department (OPD), emergency room (ER) visit, hospitalization rates, and chemotherapy completion rates were compared between the groups.

Usefulness analysis of the 2018 ASCO/IDSA guideline for outpatient management of fever and neutropenia in adults treated for malignancy.

Although the clinical practice guideline for outpatient management of febrile neutropenia (FN) in adults treated for malignancy was updated by the ASCO/IDSA in 2018, most patients with FN in our hospital have been hospitalized. We performed this study to analyze the usefulness of the guideline. The medical records of patients hospitalized for FN in Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital from May 2016 to April 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

Clinical Impact of Postoperative Vitamin D Deficiency on the Recurrence of Colon Cancer After Curative Surgical Resection.

Background/aim: There are no clinically significant cutoff values of serum vitamin D levels and time points to predict the prognosis of colon cancer, particularly in patients who underwent curative surgical resection.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed serum vitamin D levels in 795 patients with stages I to III colon cancer who underwent curative surgical resection.

Results: Patients with vitamin D levels below 12 ng/ml at one year after surgical resection demonstrated a significantly reduced disease-free survival (DFS) than those who did not have vitamin D deficiency (p=0.

Initial experience of preoperative short-course radiotherapy followed by oxaliplatin-based consolidation chemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Purpose: We analyzed the safety and feasibility of preoperative short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by consolidation chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Methods: From April 2018 to May 2019, 19 patients with LARC were treated with SCRT followed by three cycles of consolidation chemotherapy with leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6) before surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy relied on oxaliplatin.