The impact of depression on risk of malignant glioma: A nationwide cohort study.

Background: Malignant glioma (MG) is a malignant brain tumor with a fatal prognosis. Depression is on the rise in society, and its negative association on prognosis of glioma patients is known. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between depression and MG risk by analyzing data from the Korean National Health Insurance System (NHIS).

Association Between Longer Cecal Intubation Time and Detection and Miss Rate of Colorectal Neoplasms.

A longer cecal intubation time (CIT) occurs during colonoscopy under difficult insertion conditions, which may hinder meticulous mucosal observation. However, whether a longer CIT has detrimental effects on the detection of adenomas remains unclear. We evaluated the effects of CIT on the detection and miss rates of colorectal neoplasms in asymptomatic participants.

Cerebral organoid research for pediatric patients with neurological disorders.

Cerebral organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells offer a groundbreaking foundation for the analysis of pediatric neurological diseases. Unlike organoids from other somatic systems, cerebral organoids present unique challenges, such as the high sensitivity of neuronal cells to environmental conditions and the complexity of replicating brain-specific architectures. Cerebral organoids replicate the human brain development and pathology, enabling research on conditions such as microcephaly, Rett syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, and brain tumors.

Association between depression and young-onset dementia in middle-aged women.

Background: Dementia is associated with older adults; however, it can also affect younger individuals, known as young-onset dementia (YOD), when diagnosed before the age of 65 years. We aimed to conduct a retrospective cohort study involving middle-aged women to investigate the association between premorbid depression and YOD development.

Methods: We included 1.

Automatic assessment of bowel preparation by an artificial intelligence model and its clinical applicability.

Background And Aim: Reliable bowel preparation assessment is important in colonoscopy. However, current scoring systems are limited by laborious and time-consuming tasks and interobserver variability. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to assess bowel cleanliness and evaluate its clinical applicability.

Boston bowel preparation scale score 6 has more missed lesions compared with 7-9.

Adequate bowel preparation is an important factor in high-quality colonoscopy. It is generally accepted that a Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) score ≥ 6 is adequate, but some reports suggest ≥ 7. Subjects who underwent colonoscopy at least twice within 3 years from August 2015 to December 2019 were included.

The Persistence of Hypertriglyceridemia and the Risk of Early Onset Colorectal Cancer According to Tumor Subsites: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Purpose: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EoCRC) is increasing worldwide. The association between hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and EoCRC risk remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study of 3,340,635 individuals aged 20-49 years who underwent health checkups between 2009 and 2011 under the Korean National Health Insurance Service.

Early Detection of hyperemia with Magnetic Resonance Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery Imaging after Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis.

Objective: Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) manifests as a collection of symptoms brought on by heightened focal cerebral blood flow (CBF), afflicting nearly 30% of patients who have undergone superficial temporal artery (STA)-middle cerebral artery (MCA) anastomosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the amalgamation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging via MRI can discern cerebral hyperemia after STA-MCA anastomosis surgery.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed of patients who underwent STA-MCA anastomosis due to Moyamoya disease or atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease.

Potential impact of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the postoperative outcomes of chronic subdural hematoma patients: multi-institutional study in Korea.

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common clinical situation in neurosurgical practice, but the optimal treatment option is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cholesterol-lowering medications on and how they affected the prognoses of CSDH patients.

Methods: In this multi-institutional observational study performed in Korea, data from recently treated CSDH patients were gathered from 5 hospitals.

Assessing the Adequacy of Superficial Temporal Artery Blood Flow in Korean Patients Undergoing STA-MCA Anastomosis.

Objective: Superficial temporal artery (STA)-middle cerebral artery (MCA) anastomosis is conducted for flow augmentation. In this study, we measured the STA cut flow of a Korean population and evaluated the relationship between STA cut flow and long-term patency of the bypass.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted.

Alteration of Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated with the Decreased Risk of Colorectal Cancer.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) can be resolved through active control. We aimed to examine the effect of changes in MetS status on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. A total of 5,704,611 Korean national insurance beneficiaries that received two consecutive biennial mandatory health exams (2009-2011) were followed-up until 2017.

Balancing Bleeding Risk and Thromboembolic Complications in Elderly Chronic Subdural Hematoma Patients Undergoing Burr Hole Trephination : A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study and Literature Review.

Objective: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) patients using antithrombotic agents (AT) at high risk for cardiovascular disease are increasing. The authors aimed to analyze the factors influencing outcome by targeting patients using AT and to establish a desirable treatment strategy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 462 patients who underwent burr hole trephination (BHT) surgery for CSDH at five hospitals from March 2010 to June 2021.

Association of changes in obesity and abdominal obesity status with early-onset colorectal cancer risk: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background And Aims: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC, diagnosed before 50 years of age) has increased in recent decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between changes in obesity status and EO-CRC risk.

Methods: From a nationwide population-based cohort, individuals <50 years old who participated in the national health checkup program in both 2009 and 2011 were included.

Allergic Diseases and Risk of Malignancy of Gastrointestinal Cancers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis, on the development of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. We analyzed 9,892,633 Korean adults who underwent a medical check-up in the year 2009, and they were followed up until the year 2017. Allergic diseases and cancers were defined using the International Classification of Disease Codes.

Sex and Tumor-Site Differences in the Association of Alcohol Intake With the Risk of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: Given the increasing incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC; diagnosed before age 50 years) worldwide, it is important to identify modifiable risk factors. We investigated whether alcohol consumption in the young population correlated with an increased early-onset CRC risk that differed by tumor location and sex.

Patients And Methods: We investigated the association between average daily alcohol consumption and the risk of early-onset CRC among 5,666,576 individuals age 20-49 years using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (2009-2019).

The risk of colorectal cancer according to obesity status at four-year intervals: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer. However, the effect of body weight change on colorectal cancer is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between difference in body mass index and the risk of colorectal cancer.

Risk of cancer in patients with insomnia: Nationwide retrospective cohort study (2009-2018).

Purpose: To investigate the association between insomnia and the risk of various cancers using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent a national health examination in 2009 were followed-up until 2018. Newly-diagnosed cancers were collected one year after the baseline.

Early Restoration of Hypoperfusion Confirmed by Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Image after Emergency Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis.

Objective: Emergency superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis in patients with large vessel occlusion who fails mechanical thrombectomy or does not become an indication due to over the time window can be done as an alternative for blood flow restoration. The authors planned this study to quantitatively measure the degree of improvement in cerebral perfusion flow using perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after bypass surgery and to find out what factors are related to the outcome of the bypass surgery.

Methods: For a total of 107 patients who underwent emergent STA-MCA bypass surgery with large vessel occlusion, the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin score (mRS), infarction volume, and hypoperfusion area volume was calculated, the duration between symptom onset and reperfusion time, occlusion site and infarction type were analyzed.

Endoscopists performance in optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps in artificial intelligence studies.

Widespread adoption of optical diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia is prevented by suboptimal endoscopist performance and lack of standardized training and competence evaluation. We aimed to assess diagnostic accuracy of endoscopists in optical diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia in the framework of artificial intelligence (AI) validation studies. Literature searches of databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus) up to April 2022 were performed to identify articles evaluating accuracy of individual endoscopists in performing optical diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia within studies validating AI against a histologically verified ground-truth.