Gut microbiome reveals the trophic variation and significant adaption of three sympatric forest-dwelling ungulates on the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.

Background: The gut microbiome of herbivorous mammals regulates numerous physiological processes, including digestion and energy metabolism. The complex stomach architecture of ruminants, in conjunction with the metabolic capabilities of their microbiota, confers a considerable adaptive advantage to these animals. Nevertheless, a significant gap persists in comparative studies on the variations in the gut microbiome among sympatric ruminants and their potential adaptive implications.

Prebiotic Peptide Synthesis: How Did Longest Peptide Appear?

The origin of proteins is a fundamental question in the study of the origin of life. Peptides, as the building blocks of proteins, necessarily preceded the first proteins in prebiotic chemical evolution. Prebiotic peptides may have also played crucial roles in early life's evolution, contributing to self-catalysis, interacting with nucleic acids, and stabilizing primitive cell compartments.

Deep oxygen-crosslinking and self-coating synergetic engineering on pitch-based hard carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries.

Low softening-point pitch (LP) is regarded as a promising precursor for hard carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries due to its low cost and high yield. However, the sodium storage performance of LP-derived carbon materials is always undesirable owing to the high degree of graphitization. Herein, a self-coated hard carbon (HC@SC) material with relative disordered structure was developed from LP precursor using synergistic deep pre-oxidation and self-coating strategies.

Integrative pan-cancer genomic analysis highlights mitochondrial protein p32 as a potential therapeutic target in Myc-driven tumorigenesis.

Tumor metabolic reprogramming, particularly involving mitochondrial metabolism, is a hallmark of malignancy. The mitochondrial protein p32 (C1QBP) has emerged as a critical regulator in various cancers, frequently associated with poor patient prognosis. However, the role of p32 across different cancer types remains largely unexplored.

TRIM21-mediated PRMT1 degradation attenuates colorectal cancer malignant progression.

Tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21) plays a crucial role in antiviral responses and autoimmune diseases. While the impact of TRIM21 on cancer has been studied in various tumors, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. In this study, we found that TRIM21 expression is reduced in primary CRC tissues.

Activating Reversible V/V Redox Couple in NASICON-Type Phosphate Cathodes by High Entropy Substitution for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Vanadium-based Na superionic conductor (NASICON) type materials (NaVM(PO), M = transition metals) have attracted extensive attention when used as sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) cathodes due to their stable structures and large Na diffusion channels. However, the materials have poor electrical conductivity and mediocre energy density, which hinder their practical applications. Activating the V/V redox couple (V/V≈4.

A novel peptide encoded by circSRCAP confers resistance to enzalutamide by inhibiting the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of AR-V7 in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: The sustained activation of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) is a key factor in the resistance of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) to second-generation anti-androgens such as enzalutamide (ENZ). The AR/AR-V7 protein is regulated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 and a complex involving HSP70, but the precise mechanism remains unclear.

Methods: High-throughput RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) in ENZ-resistant and control CRPC cells.

PRMT5-Mediated ALKBH5 Methylation Promotes Colorectal Cancer Immune Evasion via Increasing CD276 Expression.

Numerous diseases have been connected to protein arginine methylations mediated by protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5). Clinical investigations of the PRMT5-specific inhibitor GSK3326595 are currently being conducted, and the results are promising for preventing cancers. However, the detailed mechanism of PRMT5 promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) malignant progression remains unclear.

A Modified Multiaxial Fatigue Model and Its Application for the Fatigue Life Prediction of Aircraft Hydraulic Pipes.

The fatigue failure of a structure may occur under a multiaxial vibration environment; it is necessary to establish a better multiaxial fatigue life prediction model to predict the fatigue life of the structure. This study proposes a new model (MWYT) by introducing the maximum absolute shear stress into the WYT model. The feasibility of the MWYT model is verified by using the multiaxial fatigue experimental data of 304 stainless steel, Q235B steel, 7075-T651 aluminum alloy and S355J0 steel.

Harnessing the Power of AI for Enhanced Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Since its advent, artificial intelligence (AI) has been continuously researched, and substantial progress has been made in many fields, such as the diagnosis and therapies for cancer. Due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapidity, and precision, AI has been increasingly adopted in the medical field to improve patient prognosis and the efficiency of medical procedures. Thus, AI technology has become a powerful driving force and support mechanism in the medical and health industry.

Higher serum cystatin C and matrix metalloproteinase 9 levels effectively predict in-stent restenosis after stent implantation for intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis.

Objective: This paper was performed to unravel the predictive value of serum cystatin C (Cys C) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) levels before vascular stent implantation for in-stent restenosis (ISR) 6-12 months after stent implantation for intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis.

Methods: One hundred and ninety-eight patients who underwent dilatation stenting for intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis and completed Digital Subtraction Angiography or head and neck CT- Angiography review were selected for the study and were divided into ISR group (n = 33) and no ISR (NISR) group (n = 165) according to the presence or absence of ISR. Serum levels of Cys C, MMP-9, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), homocysteine (Hcy), fibrinogen (FIB), total bilirubin (TBIL), endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), angiotensin II (Ang II), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels before vascular stent implantation were examined and compared between groups.

FBLN1 regulates ferroptosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome by reducing free ferrous iron by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad pathway.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) / acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious medical disease characterized by pulmonary dysfunction and inflammation. This study aims to determine the main molecular modules linked to ARDS and investigate the role of Fibulin-1 (FBLN1) in regulating ferroptosis in ARDS.

Methods: Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was employed on the GSE263867 dataset to find key modules associated with ALI.

Metabolic profiling identifies potential biomarkers associated with progression from gestational diabetes mellitus to prediabetes postpartum.

The current study aims to identify potential metabolic biomarkers that predict the progression to prediabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We constructed a prediabetes group ( = 42) and a control group ( = 40) based on a2-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test for women with a history of GDM from six weeks to six months postpartum, and collected their clinical data and biochemical test results. We performed the plasma metabolomics analysis of the subjects at the fasting and 2-hour post-load time points by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS).

Immobilization mechanism of heavy metals by crystals and liquid phase during melting treatment of MSWI fly ash.

Melting treatment has emerged as a promising technology for managing municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash owing to its advantageous features of effective detoxification and volume reduction. The melting treatment of MSWI fly ash involves the immobilization of heavy metals by crystals and liquid phase. Herein, the immobilization mechanism of heavy metals (Cu, Pb and Cd) by the crystals and the liquid phase was investigated using melting experiments, thermodynamic calculations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Ca/Li Synergetic-Doped NaNiMnO to Realize P2-O2 Phase Transition Suppression for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

P2-type layered transition metal oxide NaNiMnO is considered as a promising cathode for advanced sodium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity. However, the P2-type cathode suffers severe P2-O2 phase transition during cycling process, resulting unsatisfactory cyclic stability and rate capability. Herein, a Ca/Li co-doped P2-type NaCaNiMnLiO (NCNMLO) cathode material was synthesized through a simple sol-gel method.

Improvement of SAW Resonator Performance by Petal-like Topological Insulator.

This article introduces a novel petal-like SAW topology insulator, which can transmit sound waves with low loss and high flexibility in an ultra-wide frequency band by simultaneously adjusting multiple structural parameters of phononic crystals. Using finite element analysis, it was found that adjusting these parameters can generate a broadband gap of 55.8-65.

Amino Group-Aided Efficient Regeneration Targeting Structural Defects and Inactive FePO Phase for Degraded LiFePO Cathodes.

It is urgent to develop efficient recycling methods for spent LiFePO cathodes to cope with the upcoming peak of power battery retirement. Compared with the traditional metallurgical recovery methods that lack satisfactory economic and environmental benefits, the direct regeneration seems to be a promising option at present. However, a simple direct lithium replenishment cannot effectively repair and regenerate the cathodes due to the serious structural damage of the spent LiFePO.

Accelerating healing at high altitudes: Oxygen and bFGF delivery through nanoparticle-loaded gel dressings.

High altitude environment is mainly characterized by low oxygen. Due to persistent hypoxia, nonhealing wounds are common in high-altitude areas. Moreover, Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a versatile biologically active substance that has crucial impact on wound healing.

Adaptive Sensing Data Augmentation for Drones Using Attention-Based GAN.

Drones have become essential tools across various industries due to their ability to provide real-time data and perform automated tasks. However, integrating multiple sensors on a single drone poses challenges such as payload limitations and data management issues. This paper proposes a comprehensive system that leverages advanced deep learning techniques, specifically an attention-based generative adversarial network (GAN), to address data scarcity in drone-collected time-series sensor data.

Identification of critical genes associated with oxidative stress pathways in benzene-induced hematotoxicity.

Background And Aims: Bone marrow failure (BMF) is chronic benzene-induced hematotoxicity, which is associated with differential gene expression abnormality. Benzene-induced BMF is characterized by irreversible bone marrow depression. Despite extensive studies have been conducted, there is a lack of reliable, useful and simple diagnostic method for BMF.

Analysis of factors affecting pregnancy outcomes in patients with adenomyosis after high intensity focused ultrasound ablation: a retrospective study.

Objectives: To investigate all pregnancies and analyze the factors influencing pregnancy outcomes in patients with adenomyosis after high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).

Materials And Methods: A total of 231 patients with adenomyosis who completed HIFU and wished to conceive were enrolled. The symptom improvement and information of pregnancy were recorded during the follow-up period.

Saikosaponin A attenuates osteoclastogenesis and bone loss by inducing ferroptosis.

To alleviate bone loss, most current drugs target osteoclasts. Saikosaponin A (Ssa), a triterpene saponin derived from (also known as Radix bupleuri), has immunoregulatory, neuromodulatory, antiviral, anticancer, anti-convulsant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative effects. Recently, modulation of bone homeostasis was shown to involve ferroptosis.