Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal metastasis mechanism and microenvironment remodeling of lymph node in osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor and is highly prone to metastasis. OS can metastasize to the lymph node (LN) through the lymphatics, and the metastasis of tumor cells reestablishes the immune landscape of the LN, which is conducive to the growth of tumor cells. However, the mechanism of LN metastasis of osteosarcoma and remodeling of the metastatic lymph node (MLN) microenvironment is not clear.

Interaction gene set between osteoclasts and regulatory CD4 T cells can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma.

Osteoclasts (OCs) and regulatory CD4 T cells (CD4 Tregs) are important components in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of osteosarcoma. In this study, we collected six osteosarcoma samples from our previous study (GSE162454). We also integrated a public database (GSE152048), which included single cell sequencing data of 11 osteosarcoma patients.

A novel molecular signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in osteosarcoma based on tumor-infiltrating cell marker genes.

Background: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), the main component in the tumor microenvironment, play a critical role in the antitumor immune response. Few studies have developed a prognostic model based on TILs in osteosarcoma.

Methods: ScRNA-seq data was obtained from our previous research and bulk RNA transcriptome data was from TARGET database.

Regioselectivity for condensation reactions of quinonoid models of tryptophan tryptophylquinone: a density functional theory study.

The model compounds of tryptophan tryptophylquinone (TTQ), o-benzoquinone (OBQ), 3-methyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-6,7-indoledione (MIQ), and 3-methyl-4-(3-methyl-1H-2-indolyl)-6,7-dihydro-1H-6,7-indoledione (IIQ), all of which are characteristic of o-quinone groups, have been studied with density functional theory. The dihedral angle of the two indole rings (chi) of IIQ is calculated to be 49.6 degrees for the global minimum.