Influenza Vaccination Uptake and Associated Factors among Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus in Spain: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Data from the European Health Interview Survey 2020.

Background: Vaccination against influenza has proven to reduce influenza-caused hospital entries, treatment times in intensive care units and hospitalisation costs for treating people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Despite the existing influenza vaccination recommendations for all persons with DM, in Spain, vaccination hesitancy remains substantial, and vaccination rates lag behind target. We aimed to assess predictors for influenza vaccination uptake and reasons for non-adherence among individuals with DM.

Risk of prostate cancer in the proximity of industrial installations: A multicase-control study in Spain (MCC-Spain).

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequent tumor in men worldwide; however, its etiology remains largely unknown, with the exception of age and family history. The wide variability in incidence/mortality across countries suggests a certain role for environmental exposures that has not yet been clarified.

Objective: To evaluate the association between risk of PC (by clinical profile) and residential proximity to pollutant industrial installations (by industrial groups, groups of carcinogens, and specific pollutants released), within the context of a Spanish population-based multicase-control study of incident cancer (MCC-Spain).

Dietary and Smoking Acrylamide and Prostate Cancer Risk: CAPLIFE Study.

Acrylamide is a probable carcinogen. Its main sources are the diet and tobacco. The association between acrylamide intake from the diet and tobacco and prostate cancer (PCa) has not been previously evaluated.

Toenail zinc and risk of prostate cancer in the MCC-Spain case-control study.

Background: Some researchers have suggested that zinc (Zn) could reduce the risk of prostate cancer (PC). However, research from observational studies on the relationship between PC risk and biomarkers of Zn exposure shows conflicting results.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between toenail Zn and PC, considering tumour extension and aggressiveness, along with a gene-environment approach, exploring the interaction of individual genetic susceptibility to PC in the relationship between toenail Zn and PC.

Social and clinical predictors of perianal colonisation by multidrug-resistant bacteria for geriatric patients in the internal medicine service.

Background: Colonisation by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a global health issue. The identification of patients with a higher risk of colonisation is essential. Patients admitted to internal medicine services might represent a vulnerable population with a high risk of colonisation.

Persistent organic pollutant exposure as a risk factor of gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Findings related to the association between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are inconclusive.

Objectives: To estimate the strength of the association between POP exposure and GDM in a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Search Strategy: MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science were searched until July 2023.

Breast cancer risk for the joint exposure to metals and metalloids in women: Results from the EPIC-Spain cohort.

Environmental factors play a role in breast cancer development. While metals and metalloids (MMs) include some carcinogens, their association with breast cancer depends on the element studied. Most studies focus on individual MMs, but the combined effects of metal mixtures remain unclear.

Replacement of watching television with physical activity and the change in gestational diabetes mellitus risk: A case-control study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of replacing 1 h/week of watching television with 1 h/week of light to moderate (LMPA) or vigorous physical activity (VPA) before and during pregnancy on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: A case-control study was conducted in pregnant women. Physical activity and television watching before and during pregnancy were assessed using the Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Epidemiology of human papillomavirus-associated anogenital cancers in Granada: a three-decade population-based study.

Introduction: HPV infection is a common risk factor for all anogenital cancers. However, there are important differences in the epidemiology of anogenital cancers and these have not been compared considering diverse epidemiological indicators over a long period of time. To fill this gap, we investigated incidence, mortality, and survival trends of anogenital cancers over a period of three decades.

Socio-economic inequalities in lung cancer mortality in Spain: a nation-wide study using area-based deprivation.

Background: Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer mortality worldwide and in Spain. Several previous studies have documented socio-economic inequalities in lung cancer mortality but these have focused on specific provinces or cities. The goal of this study was to describe lung cancer mortality in Spain by sex as a function of socio-economic deprivation.

Serum copper levels and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the fact that several studies have investigated the association between serum copper levels (S-Cu) and the risk of cardiovascular diseases, this relationship remains unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the association between S-Cu and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including total stroke, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality, and identify potential sources of results heterogeneity.

Methods: We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Health-related quality of life and mortality in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' prospective cohort study.

Objective: To study the association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and all-cause mortality in a healthy middle-aged Mediterranean cohort.

Methods: We included 15,390 participants -mean age 42.8 years at first HRQoL ascertainment, all university graduates-.

Ejaculation Frequency and Prostate Cancer: CAPLIFE Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between ejaculation frequency (EF) during four stages of life and prostate cancer (PCa) according to tumor aggressiveness, PCa stage, and urinary symptomatology.

Materials And Methods: A total of 456 incident PCa cases histologically confirmed, and 427 controls aged 40-80 years from the CAPLIFE study were analyzed. This study is a population-based case-control study carried out in the south of Spain.

Yoghurt Intake and Gastric Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 16 Studies of the StoP Consortium.

Background: Yoghurt can modify gastrointestinal disease risk, possibly acting on gut microbiota. Our study aimed at exploring the under-investigated association between yoghurt and gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: We pooled data from 16 studies from the Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project.

Perinatal and Maternal Outcomes According to the Accurate Term Antepartum Ultrasound Estimation of Extreme Fetal Weights.

(1) Background: The accuracy of ultrasound estimation of fetal weight (EFW) at term may be useful in addressing obstetric complications since birth weight (BW) is a parameter that represents an important prognostic factor for perinatal and maternal morbidity. (2) Methods: In a retrospective cohort study of 2156 women with a singleton pregnancy, it is verified whether or not perinatal and maternal morbidity differs between extreme BWs estimated at term by ultrasound within the seven days prior to birth with Accurate EFW (difference < 10% between EFW and BW) and those with Non-Accurate EFW (difference ≥ 10% between EFW and BW). (3) Results: Significantly worse perinatal outcomes (according to different variables such as higher rate of arterial pH at birth < 7.

Gender bias in shared decision-making among cancer care guidelines: A systematic review.

Background: In cancer care, the promotion and implementation of shared decision-making in clinical practice guidelines (CPG) and consensus statements may have potential differences by gender.

Objective: To systematically analyse recommendations concerning shared decision-making in CPGs and consensus statements for the most frequent cancers exclusively among males (prostate) and females (endometrial).

Search Strategy: We prospectively registered the protocol at PROSPERO (ID: RD42021241127).

Prevalence of frailty and its association with oral hypofunction in older adults: a gender perspective.

Background: Previous studies have indicated an association between oral hypofunction and frailty in community-dwelling older adults. However, this issue has not been evaluated in institutionalized older patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of physical frailty in this particularly vulnerable group and evaluate its association with oral hypofunction, analyzing possible differences by gender.

Mediterranean diet and risk of breast cancer: An umbrella review.

Background: The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a healthy dietary pattern which has been related to a lower risk of certain chronic diseases, such as some cancers. However, its role in breast cancer development remains unclear. This umbrella review aims to summarize the highest available evidence on MedDiet and breast cancer risk.

Association of occupational heat exposure and colorectal cancer in the MCC-Spain study.

Objective: Heat exposure and heat stress/strain is a concern for many workers. There is increasing interest in potential chronic health effects of occupational heat exposure, including cancer risk. We examined potential associations of occupational heat exposure and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a large Spanish multi-case--control study.

Health-related quality of life in patients newly diagnosed with prostate cancer: CAPLIFE study.

Purpose: To analyse the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) at diagnosis of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) according to tumour extension and urinary symptomatology and to explore factors associated with HRQoL.

Methods: 408 Controls and 463 PCa cases were included. Eligibility criteria were a new diagnosis of PCa (cases), 40-80 years of age, and residence in the participating hospitals' coverage area for ≥ 6 months before recruitment.

A systematic review of the efficacy of intravesical electromotive drug administration therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Background: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is characterized by a high rate of recurrence and progression, despite surgery and adjuvant therapies.

Objective: To analyze the published results on the effectiveness of mitomycin C (MMC) applied with an electromotive drug administration device (EMDA) in the treatment of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumors.

Method: A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar search platforms.

Metformin, testosterone, or both in men with obesity and low testosterone: A double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Men with obesity tend to be insulin resistant and often have low-normal testosterone concentrations. We conducted a clinical trial aimed to evaluate potential therapeutic strategies for low testosterone in men with obesity.

Methods: We did a 1-year, parallel, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, where we evaluated the independent and combined effects of metformin and testosterone in 106 men with obesity, aged 18-50 years, who had low levels of testosterone and no diabetes mellitus.