Rapid detection of RNase-based self-incompatibility in Lysimachia monelli (Primulaceae).

Premise: Primroses famously employ a system that simultaneously expresses distyly and filters out self-pollen. Other species in the Primulaceae family, including Lysimachia monelli (blue pimpernel), also express self-incompatibility (SI), but involving a system with distinct features and an unknown molecular genetic basis.

Methods: We utilize a candidate-based transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) approach, relying on candidate T2/S-RNase Class III and S-linked F-box-motif-containing genes and harnessing the unusual evolutionary and genetic features of SI, to examine whether an RNase-based mechanism underlies SI in L.

Genomic-Guided Conservation Actions to Restore the Most Endangered Conifer in the Mediterranean Basin.

Species with extremely small population sizes are critically endangered because of reduced genetic diversity, increased inbreeding and hybridisation threats. Genomic tools significantly advance conservation by revealing genetic insights into endangered species, notably in monitoring frameworks. Sicilian fir (Abies nebrodensis) is the most endangered conifer in Europe with only 30 adult trees in an 84-ha area.

A multiscale approach to understanding the shared blue-orange flower color polymorphism in two Lysimachia species.

Background: Polymorphisms are common in nature, but they are rarely shared among closely related species. Polymorphisms could originate through convergence, ancestral polymorphism, or introgression. Although shared neutral genomic variation across species is commonplace, few examples of shared functional traits exist.

Multiple pre- and postzygotic components of reproductive isolation between two co-occurring Lysimachia species.

Genetic divergence between species depends on reproductive isolation (RI) due to traits that reduce interspecific mating (prezygotic isolation) or are due to reduced hybrid fitness (postzygotic isolation). Previous research found that prezygotic barriers tend to be stronger than postzygotic barriers, but most studies are based on the evaluation of F hybrid fitness in early life cycle stages. We combined field and experimental data to determine the strength of 17 prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive barriers between two Lysimachia species that often co-occur and share pollinators.

Changes at a Critical Branchpoint in the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway Underlie the Blue to Orange Flower Color Transition in .

Anthocyanins are the primary pigments contributing to the variety of flower colors among angiosperms and are considered essential for survival and reproduction. Anthocyanins are members of the flavonoids, a broader class of secondary metabolites, of which there are numerous structural genes and regulators thereof. In western European populations of , there are blue- and orange-petaled individuals.

Reproductive Assurance Maintains Red-Flowered Plants of in Mediterranean Populations Despite Inbreeding Depression.

Flower color polymorphism, an infrequent but phylogenetically widespread condition in plants, is captivating because it can only be maintained under a few selective regimes but also because it can drive intra-morph assortative mating and promote speciation. is a polymorphic species with red or blue flowered morphs. In polymorphic populations, which are mostly Mediterranean, pollinators prefer blue-flowered plants to the red ones, and abiotic factors also favors blue-flowered plants.

Impact of Perinatal Death on the Social and Family Context of the Parents.

Background: Perinatal death (PD) is a painful experience, with physical, psychological and social consequences in families. Each year, there are 2.7 million perinatal deaths in the world and about 2000 in Spain.

The role of lateral and vertical herkogamy in the divergence of the blue- and red-flowered lineages of Lysimachia arvensis.

Background And Aims: Herkogamy, or anther-stigma separation, is known to reduce self-pollen deposition, but little is known about the relative efficacy of different modes or conformations of herkogamy. We assessed the effectiveness of vertical versus lateral herkogamy in preventing or promoting self-pollen deposition in the annual herb Lysimachia arvensis, a plant with lineages that differ in flower colour, and in which flowers first display lateral and then vertical herkogamy. Because mating between the two lineages compromises fitness through the production of low-quality hybrid offspring, we tested the prediction that individuals sampled from sites occupied by both lineages should have flowers that promote autonomous self-pollen deposition and self-fertilization as a result of selection to reduce deleterious reproductive interference.

Parents' Experiences About Support Following Stillbirth and Neonatal Death.

Background: Stillbirth and neonatal death are one of the most stressful life events, with negative outcomes for parents. Society does not recognize this type of loss, and parental grieving is particularly complicated and intense.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe and understand the experiences of parents in relation to professional and social support following stillbirth and neonatal death.

Experience of parents who have suffered a perinatal death in two Spanish hospitals: a qualitative study.

Background: Perinatal grief is a process that affects families in biological, psychological, social and spiritual terms. It is estimated that every year there are 2.7 million perinatal deaths worldwide and 4.

Characterization, conservation and loss of dignity at the end-of- life in the emergency department. A qualitative protocol.

Aims: To explore and understand the experiences of terminally ill patients and their relatives regarding dignity during end-of-life care in the emergency department.

Background: The respect given to the concept of dignity is significantly modifying the clinical relationship and the care framework involving the end-of-life patient in palliative care units, critical care units, hospices and their own homes. This situation is applicable to in-hospital emergency departments, where there is a lack of research which takes the experiences of end-of-life patients and their relatives into account.

Values in nursing students and professionals: An exploratory comparative study.

Background: Many studies have explored personal values in nursing, but none has assessed whether the predictions made by the theory of intergenerational value change are true for the different generations of nursing professionals and students. This theory predicts a shift in those personal values held by younger generations towards ones focussed on self-expression.

Research Question: The purpose of the study was to identify intergenerational differences in personal values among nursing professionals and nursing students and to determine whether generational value profiles fit the predictions made by the theory.