Beam dynamic study of a Ka-band microwave undulator and its potential drive sources.

Microwave undulators (MUs) have great potential to be an alternative solution to permanent magnet undulators in a free electron laser (FEL) when shorter undulator periods are required. In this paper, the factors that affect the choice of the high-power drive sources were studied via a Ka-band cavity-type MU with a corrugated waveguide proposed for the CompactLight X-ray FEL. They include the technology of the high-power vacuum electronic devices, the quality factor of the MU cavity that was demonstrated by prototyping a short section of the MU structure, and the beam dynamic study of the electrons' trajectories inside the MU.

Systematic study of a corrugated waveguide as a microwave undulator.

Microwave undulators have great potential to be used in short-wavelength free-electron lasers. In this paper, the properties of a corrugated waveguide and its performance as an undulator cavity for a UK X-ray free-electron laser were systematically studied. The equations presented in this paper allow a fast estimation of the dimensions of the corrugated waveguide.

Structural and Functional Lung Impairment in Adult Survivors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Rationale: As more preterm infants recover from severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), it is critical to understand the clinical consequences of this condition on the lung health of adult survivors.

Objectives: To assess structural and functional lung parameters in young adult BPD survivors and preterm and term control subjects.

Methods: Young adult survivors of BPD (mean age, 24 yr) underwent spirometry, lung volume assessment, transfer factor, lung clearance index, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurements, together with high-resolution chest computed tomography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Protein-leucine ingestion activates a regenerative inflammo-myogenic transcriptome in skeletal muscle following intense endurance exercise.

Protein-leucine supplement ingestion following strenuous endurance exercise accentuates skeletal-muscle protein synthesis and adaptive molecular responses, but the underlying transcriptome is uncharacterized. In a randomized single-blind triple-crossover design, 12 trained men completed 100 min of high-intensity cycling then ingested 70/15/180/30 g protein-leucine-carbohydrate-fat (15LEU), 23/5/180/30 g (5LEU), or 0/0/274/30 g (CON) beverages during the first 90 min of a 240 min recovery period. Vastus lateralis muscle samples (30 and 240 min postexercise) underwent transcriptome analysis by microarray followed by bioinformatic analysis.

Protein-leucine fed dose effects on muscle protein synthesis after endurance exercise.

Unlabelled: Protein-leucine ingestion after strenuous endurance exercise accentuates muscle protein synthesis and improves recovery of muscle performance.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine whether a low-dose protein-leucine blend ingested after endurance exercise enhances skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein fractional synthetic rate (FSR).

Method: In a crossover design, 12 trained men completed 100 min of high-intensity cycling, then ingested either 70/15/180/30 g of protein/leucine/carbohydrate/fat (15LEU), 23/5/180/30 g of 5LEU, or 0/0/274/30 g of CON beverages in randomized order in four servings during the first 90 min of a 240-min recovery period.

A royal college of radiologists national audit of radiotherapy in the treatment of metastatic spinal cord compression and implications for the development of acute oncology services.

Aims: To audit the current use of radiotherapy in UK cancer centres for the treatment of metastatic spinal cord compression against national standards that seek to optimise functional and quality of life outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A Royal College of Radiologists prospective national audit of patients treated with radiotherapy in UK cancer centres was carried out over a 3 month period between September and December 2008, with a repeat audit carried out in August 2012.

Results: Five hundred and ninety-six cases were received from 42 cancer centres (74%) in 2008, with data from 323 cases received from 52 (90%) centres in 2012.

Fructose-maltodextrin ratio governs exogenous and other CHO oxidation and performance.

Introduction: Fructose coingested with glucose in carbohydrate (CHO) drinks increases exogenous-CHO oxidation, gut comfort, and physical performance.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of different fructose-maltodextrin-glucose ratios on CHO oxidation and fluid absorption while controlling for osmolality and caloricity.

Methods: In a crossover design, 12 male cyclists rode 2 h at 57% peak power then performed 10 sprints while ingesting artificially sweetened water or three equiosmotic 11.

Effect of post-exercise protein-leucine feeding on neutrophil function, immunomodulatory plasma metabolites and cortisol during a 6-day block of intense cycling.

Whey protein and leucine ingestion following exercise increases muscle protein synthesis and could influence neutrophil function during recovery from prolonged intense exercise. We examined the effects of whey protein and leucine ingestion post-exercise on neutrophil function and immunomodulators during a period of intense cycling. In a randomized double-blind crossover, 12 male cyclists ingested protein/leucine/carbohydrate/fat (LEUPRO 20/7.

L-Arginine but not L-glutamine likely increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance exercise.

The addition of L-arginine or L-glutamine to glucose-electrolyte solutions can increase intestinal water, glucose, and sodium absorption in rats and humans. We evaluated the utility of L-arginine and L-glutamine in energy-rehydration beverages through assessment of exogenous glucose oxidation and perceptions of exertion and gastrointestinal distress during endurance exercise. Eight cyclists rode 150 min at 50% of peak power on four occasions while ingesting solutions at a rate of 150 mL 15 min(-1) that contained (13)C-enriched glucose (266 mmol L(-1)) and sodium citrate ([Na(+)] 60 mmol L(-1)), and either: 4.

Lower oxidation of a high molecular weight glucose polymer vs. glucose during cycling.

We previously reported no difference in the oxidation rate of a high molecular weight glucose polymer (GP) vs. maltodextrin (8 kDa) during exercise; however, the ingestion rate (1.8 g·min(-1)) was above the glucose absorption-oxidation maxima (∼1.

Unsaturated fatty acids in alkane solution: adsorption to steel surfaces.

The adsorption of the unsaturated fatty acids oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid on steel surfaces has been investigated by means of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Two different solvents were used, n-hexadecane and its highly branched isomer, viz., 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane.

A high-throughput structural biology/proteomics beamline at the SRS on a new multipole wiggler.

The North West Structural Genomics Centre's beamline, MAD10, at the SRS receives the central part of the radiation fan (0.5 mrad vertically, 4 mrad horizontally) produced by a new 2.46 T ten-pole wiggler.