The Impact of Social Determinants of Maternal Mental Health in Marginalized Mothers.

A deeper understanding of the key determinants of maternal mental health is important for improving care for women, especially women who are at an economic disadvantage. To explore the associations of select social determinants: access, social support, and stress, with the onset of antepartum depression in low-income mothers. The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) is an ongoing, population-based surveillance system with selected data from 2016 to 2019, establishing a randomly selected sample of women with a recent live birth at most 4 months postdelivery, between 1,300 and 3,400 women per state ( ∼ 162,558).

Analysis of Participant Stigma and Associated Costs of a Peer-Led Social Media HIV Intervention.

HIV-related stigma is a primary barrier to seeking HIV care. Online social media interventions utilizing peer-led approaches provide an opportunity to revolutionize HIV health behavior change. Secondary analysis of the UCLA HOPE Study (6 waves) was done to examine the effectiveness of an online peer-led intervention in reducing HIV-related internalized stigma (IS), association between IS and sexual risk behaviors (SRB), and associated costs for changing the likelihood of HIV testing.

Mosquito control exposures and breast cancer risk: analysis of 1071 cases and 2096 controls from the Ghana Breast Health Study.

Epidemiologic data on insecticide exposures and breast cancer risk are inconclusive and mostly from high-income countries. Using data from 1071 invasive pathologically confirmed breast cancer cases and 2096 controls from the Ghana Breast Health Study conducted from 2013 to 2015, we investigated associations with mosquito control products to reduce the spread of mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria. These mosquito control products were insecticide-treated nets, mosquito coils, repellent room sprays, and skin creams for personal protection against mosquitos.

Understanding multi-level barriers to medication adherence among adults living with sickle cell disease.

There is limited research that identifies and examines multi-level barriers to medication adherence among adults with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD); Identify multi-level barriers to medication adherence among adults with SCD; and Examine the relationship between multi-level barriers and medication adherence levels. A cross-sectional study included 130 adults (ages ≥ 18 years old) living with SCD who receive treatment/care from one of the 10 adult SCD clinics within the Networking California for sickle cell care initiative. Study measures included the medication adherence report scale (Professor Rob Horne), Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire (Professor Rob Horne), and patient reported outcomes measurement information system.

Effects of Mental Illness Amongst Adults in the United States Living With Diabetes Mellitus on Hospital Admissions.

Objective: To examine the influence of comorbid mental illness on hospitalization among adults reporting diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study used National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 2000-2018 to examine hospitalization. Mental illness was defined as no to low psychological distress (NLPD), moderate psychological distress (MPD), and serious psychological distress (SPD) as per the Kessler-6 scale.

Risk Factors for Serious Psychological Distress among Pregnant Women and Mothers with Children less than One Year of Age: An Evaluation of National Health Interview Survey Data (1997-2016).

Objective: This study examined individual factors associated with serious psychological distress (SPD) in mothers.

Methods: The study used National Health Interview Survey data (1997-2016), with analysis being restricted to pregnant women and non-pregnant mothers whose youngest child was 12 months old or younger. The Andersen framework, a reliable tool to study health services, was used to examine the effect of individual predisposing, enabling, and need factors.

Comfort in seeking support from sexual violence prevention education health services among college women.

Explores racial differences of sexual violence-(SV) health service-(HS) outcomes among college women: (1) seeking support from a confidential-resource-(CR) and (2) reporting SV to the Title IX office. Data was collected from all ages of women (N = 583) and grade levels from one-large university on the Pacific-coast. Logistic-regression of HS outcomes were performed using the Fall 2016 American College Health Association-NCHA-II-survey.

Use of Electronic Health Records and Quality of Ambulatory Healthcare.

Background This study aimed to measure the association between electronic health record (EHR) use and quality measures in ambulatory healthcare. Methodology A quantitative, retrospective, cross-sectional design was used by examining secondary data from the 2015-2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. The relationship between EHR use and seven quality measures was examined using the Donabedian model as a framework.

Addressing the challenges of conducting community-engaged research during COVID-19: Rapid development and evaluation of a COVID-19 Research Patient and Community Advisory Board (PCAB).

Introduction: We created a COVID-19 Research Patient and Community Advisory Board (PCAB) to provide patient and community input into clinical and translational research studies. The purpose of this article is to describe the PCAB creation, implementation, and evaluation.

Methods: We identified PCAB members who had participated in previous stakeholder engaged activities at our institution and invited their participation.

Burden of Mental Illness among Primary HIV Discharges: A Retrospective Analysis of Inpatient Data.

Background: Empirical evidence demonstrates the substantial burden of mental illness among people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA). Current literature also notes the co-morbidity of these two illnesses and its impact on quality of life and mortality. However, little evidence exists on patient outcomes, such as hospital length of stay or post-discharge status.

Examining the association of student mental health and food security with college GPA.

Background: Low food security and poor mental health are a persistent concern for college students.

Objective: Examine how food security and mental health are associated with college student's grade point average (GPA).

Methods: American College Health Association (ACHA)-National College Health Assessment III survey data Spring 2020 of students from 75 US universities ( = 48,103) were utilized to examine relationships among mental health, food security and academic performance (GPA).

Cost Barriers to Health Services in U.S. Adults Before and After the Implementation of the Affordable Care Act.

Background: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was passed in 2010 and implemented in 2014 in the United States (U.S.).

Predictors of fall-related injuries due to common consumer products among elderly adult emergency department visits in the United States during 2007-2017.

Falls are the leading cause of injuries and death among the elderly in the United States (U.S.).

A Patient-Centered Environmental Scan of Inpatient Visitor Policies During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Researchers and patients conducted an environmental scan of policy documents and public-facing websites and abstracted data to describe COVID-19 adult inpatient visitor restrictions at 70 academic medical centers. We identified variations in how centers described and operationalized visitor policies. Then, we used the nominal group technique process to identify patient-centered information gaps in visitor policies and provide key recommendations for improvement.

Socio-demographics and asthma prevalence, management, and outcomes among children 1-11 years of age in California.

Background: Asthma disproportionately affects minority and low-income children. We examined asthma prevalence, management and outcomes, focusing on race/ethnicity and acculturation of parents (particularly English language proficiency).

Methods: This cross-sectional, correlational analysis used a de-identified population-based survey, the California Health Interview Survey, for years 2001-2015.

Schizophrenia hospitalization in the US 2005-2014: Examination of trends in demographics, length of stay, and cost.

Primarily we aimed to examine the crude and standardized schizophrenia hospitalization trend from 2005 to 2014. We hypothesized that there will be a statistically significant linear trend in hospitalization rates for schizophrenia from 2005 to 2014. Secondarily we also examined trends in hospitalization by race/ethnicity, age, gender, as well as trends in hospitalization Length of Stay (LOS) and inflation adjusted cost.

Meaningful Use of Electronic Health Records and Ambulatory Healthcare Quality Measures.

Introduction Electronic Health Record (EHR) adoption rates for office-based physicians doubled between 2008 and 2015, from 42% to 89%, and more than 60% of all office-based physicians achieved meaningful use by 2016. The US government has paid billions of dollars in incentives to promote EHR meaningful use. Nonetheless, evidence linking EHR meaningful use to quality measures improvements is limited.

Assessing the validity, reliability and efficacy of the Cross-Cultural Stress Scale (CCSS) for psychosomatic studies.

Objective: The impact of stressful life events (SLEs) on health has been empirically studied with significant correlations documented. We developed a comprehensive stress rating toolkit, the Cross-Cultural Stress Scale (CCSS) from a triangulated qualitative research study. This article describes our pilot test of the scale to explore demographic-specific patterns of SLE scores and evaluate the scale's aptitude in assessing the stress-health correlation.

Frequency of cannabis use and alcohol-associated adverse effects in a representative sample of U.S. adolescents and youth (2002-2014) a cross-sectional study.

Background: While the link between frequent cannabis use and alcohol use disorders is well documented, it is not clear whether alcohol drinkers who use cannabis less frequently are also vulnerable to alcohol use disorders. We estimate the association of frequency of past 12-months cannabis use with alcohol-associated adverse effects variables in the same time frame: alcohol dependence, heavy drinking, driving under alcohol influence, alcohol-related interpersonal problems, use after interpersonal problems, alcohol-related risky behaviors, and alcohol-related legal problems.

Methods: We analyzed data from U.

Social Media Use for Health Purposes by Chronic Disease Patients in the United States.

Background: Social media can be a cost-effective instant tool for exchanging health information among those with chronic diseases. However, few studies have analyzed the nexus between chronic disease and patients' use of the internet for health-related purposes.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine if chronic disease patients in the United States use social media platforms to share health information and/or join groups of similar condition.

Understanding the Use of Electronic Means to Seek Personal Health Information Among Adults in the United States.

In this study, we explored who is most likely to use electronic means to seek health information and why; our research was guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM). We used the National Cancer Institute's Health Information Trends Survey (HINTS) dataset for 2017 and 2018 (n=6,697). We found that 67.

Marijuana users are likely to report opioid misuse among adults over 50 years in representative sample of the United States (2002-2014).

In the wake of the rising rate of prescription opioid misuse, there has been increased public health interest in the possibility that cannabis might help to curb or prevent opioid use disorder. Previous studies were limited to young adult marijuana use population. Little is known about whether in older adult population, marijuana use is associated with a different type of nonmedical use opioids.

Developing a Patient- and Family-Centered Research Agenda for Hospital Medicine: The Improving Hospital Outcomes through Patient Engagement (i-HOPE) Study.

Background: Patient, caregiver, and other stakeholder priorities have not been robustly incorporated into directing hospital-based research and improvement efforts.

Objective: To systematically engage stakeholders to identify important questions of adult hospitalized patients and to create a prioritized research agenda for improving the care of adult hospitalized patients.

Design: A collaborative approach to stakeholder engagement and research question prioritization.

Dietary Factors Associated with Asthma Prevalence Among Children in California.

Asthma continues to be the leading chronic disease affecting children in the United States. With mounting evidence of how diet plays a role in both chronic and allergic diseases, it is important to identify types of foods that may potentially promote a pro-inflammatory state. The study aims to examine the association between current asthma prevalence and intake of specific foods among children in California.