Trends in adherence to NCCN guidelines for breast conserving therapy in women with Stage I and II breast cancer: Analysis of the 1998-2008 National Cancer Data Base.

Objective: To examine temporal trends in guideline adherence for breast cancer local therapy, by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic and insurance status.

Background: Treatment guidelines recommend breast conserving therapy (BCT) for women with small cancers, but have been unevenly applied. A better understanding of time-trends in guideline adherence may point to interventions for correction.

Surgical management of de novo stage IV breast cancer.

Management of the intact primary tumor in women presenting with stage IV breast cancer has classically been determined by the presence or absence of symptoms. However, multiple retrospective reviews completed over the past decade suggest a survival advantage with resection of the intact, asymptomatic primary tumor in these women. These reviews are not without bias, and recently completed randomized trials do not support a significant survival benefit, although local control benefits may exist.

Urinary podocyte mRNA excretion in children with D+HUS: a potential marker of long-term outcome.

Background: Diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (D+HUS) causes acute renal failure and may lead to podocyte loss. Objective. To determine if the urinary mRNA excretion of podocyte proteins is detectable in children with D+HUS and if it is a biomarker of a poor long-term outcome.

Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalcin in D+HUS: a novel marker of renal injury.

Background: Diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (D+HUS) causes acute renal failure. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalcin (NGAL) is an early indicator of kidney injury.

Objective: To determine if urinary NGAL excretion is a biomarker of severe renal injury and predicts the need for dialysis in D+HUS.

Nm23-H1 metastasis suppressor phosphorylation of kinase suppressor of Ras via a histidine protein kinase pathway.

The metastasis-suppressive activity of Nm23-H1 was previously correlated with its in vitro histidine protein kinase activity, but physiological substrates have not been identified. We hypothesized that proteins that interact with histidine kinases throughout evolution may represent partners for Nm23-H1 and focused on the interaction of Arabidopsis "two-component" histidine kinase ERS with CTR1. A mammalian homolog of CTR1 was previously reported to be c-Raf; we now report that CTR1 also exhibits homology to the kinase suppressor of Ras (KSR), a scaffold protein for the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade.