Publications by authors named "Jill Horowitz"
Article Synopsis
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly improves survival rates for people with HIV, but it does not provide a cure or allow control of the virus without medication, making the search for new treatments crucial.
- The RIO trial is a phase II study that tests two long-acting broadly neutralising antibodies (bNAbs) on participants who started ART early, comparing their effectiveness against a placebo in managing HIV after stopping treatment.
- Participants will be monitored for viral rebound after treatment and evaluated for various health markers, with the aim of finding potentially lasting remission options for those with HIV.
The discovery of numerous potent and broad neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein has invigorated the potential of using them as an effective preventative and therapeutic agent. The majority of the anti-HIV-1 antibodies, currently under clinical investigation, are formulated singly for intra-venous (IV) infusion. However, due to the high degree of genetic variability in the case of HIV-1, a single broad neutralizing antibody will likely not be sufficient to protect against the broad range of viral isolates.
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- The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in millions of infections and significant mortality rates, with the virus entering cells via its spike protein's receptor-binding domain (RBD).
- Although there's no vaccine available yet, research on 149 recovered COVID-19 patients showed variable effectiveness of their antibody responses, revealing that a substantial percentage had low neutralizing titres.
- Despite the low overall levels of neutralizing antibodies, specific and potent RBD-targeted antibodies were consistently found, indicating potential for an effective vaccine strategy to harness these responses.
Article Synopsis
- During the COVID-19 pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus led to widespread infections and many deaths, highlighting the importance of understanding the human antibody response to the virus.
- Research on 149 individuals who recovered from COVID-19 showed that neutralizing antibody levels varied greatly, with many having low or undetectable neutralizing titers.
- Despite the low average levels of neutralizing antibodies in plasma, potent RBD-specific antibodies were still present in all individuals, indicating potential for effective vaccine design to enhance these protective responses.
Although there is no effective cure for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, antibodies are protective and correlate with recovery from infection. To examine the human antibody response to HBV, we screened 124 vaccinated and 20 infected, spontaneously recovered individuals. The selected individuals produced shared clones of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) that targeted 3 non-overlapping epitopes on the HBV S antigen (HBsAg).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Additional forms of pre-exposure prophylaxis are needed to prevent HIV-1 infection. 3BNC117 and 10-1074 are broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibodies that target non-overlapping epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope. We investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of the intravenous administration of the combination of 3BNC117 and 10-1074 in healthy adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonotherapy of HIV-1 infection with single antiretroviral agents is ineffective because error-prone HIV-1 replication leads to the production of drug-resistant viral variants. Combinations of drugs can establish long-term control, however, antiretroviral therapy (ART) requires daily dosing, can cause side effects and does not eradicate the infection. Although anti-HIV-1 antibodies constitute a potential alternative to ART, treatment of viremic individuals with a single antibody also results in emergence of resistant viral variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndividuals infected with HIV-1 require lifelong antiretroviral therapy, because interruption of treatment leads to rapid rebound viraemia. Here we report on a phase 1b clinical trial in which a combination of 3BNC117 and 10-1074, two potent monoclonal anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies that target independent sites on the HIV-1 envelope spike, was administered during analytical treatment interruption. Participants received three infusions of 30 mg kg of each antibody at 0, 3 and 6 weeks.
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