Sonographers' level of autonomy in communication in Australian obstetric settings: Does it affect their professional identity?

Introduction: Unlike the United Kingdom, policies in Australia prevent sonographers from exercising autonomy in their level of communication with pregnant patients in the event of adverse findings. The organisational structure makes the sonographer dependent on the sonologist because sonographers do not have the authority to provide the official report. The emotional labour on sonographers is increased as they struggle to provide patient-centred care, given the limits put on their communication during the ultrasound examination.

The Effect of Ethnicity on 2D and 3D Frontomaxillary Facial Angle Measurement in the First Trimester.

Objectives. To determine the existence and extent of ethnic differences in 2D or 3D fetal frontomaxillary facial angle (FMFA) measurements. Methods.

Comparison of frontomaxillary facial angles using both 2D and 3D ultrasound at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks of gestation.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to (i) directly compare both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) frontomaxillary facial angle (FMFA) in first trimester, and (ii) to assess the ease with which both may be performed.

Materials And Methods: Both 3D volumes of the fetal head and 2D fetal profiles were collected from 251 consenting patients during routine first-trimester nuchal translucency (NT) screening. The FMFA in 2D was measured at the time of the NT screening.

Collecting sensitive data: the impact on researchers.

The authors undertook an exploratory study to identify issues that arose for researchers while conducting fieldwork. Ten researchers engaged in "sensitive" inquiry were purposefully sampled and encouraged to talk about their experiences during the data collection process. Interviews were transcribed and common themes identified.