Goal setting with type 2 diabetes: a hermeneutic analysis of the experiences of diabetes educators.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explicate and interpret common experiences of diabetes educators (DEs) with patient goal setting for patients with type 2 diabetes in diabetes education.

Methods: Transcripts (n = 10) from semi-structured interviews were analyzed using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to more deeply explore the accounts of DEs' goal setting with patients with type 2 diabetes.

Results: The overarching pattern that emerged was "Striking a Balance," which subsumed 4 subthemes: Applying Theoretical-Practical Principles When Setting Goals, Identifying Idealistic-Realistic Expectations, Creating Patient-Educator-Centered Plans, and Readying-Living With Goal Setting.

Child Care Mealtime and Active Play Partnerships (Child Care MAPP): evaluation of a training resource Web site for enhancing nutrition education communication.

The communication component of the Child Care MAPP Web site was designed according to an established theoretical base, and was critically reviewed. The communication materials were targeted for use by trainers who educate child care providers, and may be incorporated into higher education curricula to guide nutrition educators who will be working in child nutrition and child feeding programs. Evaluation of the impact of the communication materials on a group of trainers demonstrated a significant increase in participant confidence to communicate about nutrition.

Creating potential for common ground and communication between early childhood program staff and parents about young children's eating.

Objectives: To explore child care staff and parent perspectives and communications about children's eating in child care.

Design: Focus groups (FGs) conducted with child care staff and parents.

Setting: Four Western states in the United States.

Dietary goal attainment measures and psychosocial factors among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites with type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes education programs need improved measures of goal setting for dietary control of diabetes. Additionally, measures of patient experiences with dietary goal setting are needed to better prepare patients for diabetes self-management. Measures of dietary goals and strategies were investigated via survey of 100 Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites with type 2 diabetes at a community clinic.

Attitudes, concerns, and likelihood for action related to young children's overweight among early childhood program staff.

For obesity prevention planning in early childhood programs, attitudes and actions of staff related to communicating with parents about young children's eating and weight need to be assessed. Early childhood program teachers (n = 271) working with children aged 3 to 5 years were surveyed by mail. Factor analysis provided patterns of response for multi-item questions.

Goal setting education and counseling practices of diabetes educators.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify goal setting education practices used by diabetes educators working with type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: Data were collected by a mail questionnaire with 179 diabetes educators purposively selected from the 2008 American Association of Diabetes Educators membership listing.

Results: Many diabetes educators (52%) reported that more than 75% of their patients set goals for diabetes control.

Perceptions of diabetes symptoms and self-management strategies: a cross-cultural comparison.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to compare and contrast perceived symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus and self management strategies between Russian-speaking Slavic immigrant American women and non-Hispanic, nonimmigrant White American women.

Methods: The qualitative–descriptive study design was conducted with a convenience sample of Slavic immigrant women 50 years of age and older with type 2 diabetes (n = 10), and non-Hispanic, nonimmigrant White American women 50 years of age and older with type 2 diabetes (n = 10).

Results: Slavic immigrants reported more global holistic symptoms of diabetes, whereas nonimmigrants reported more specific physiological somatic symptoms.

Assessing diabetes dietary goals and self-management based on in-depth interviews with Latino and Caucasian clients with type 2 diabetes.

Latino (n = 10) and Caucasian (n = 8) clients with type 2 diabetes receiving care at a community health clinic participated in individual in-depth interviews assessing diabetes dietary self-management goal behaviors. Themes from interviews were identified using content analysis, which revealed current and future goals, influencing factors, and motivators and barriers to dietary modification for diabetes management. Implications for practice include simplifying goal setting to those goals with the greatest potential clinical impact or the greatest significance to the patient, in a socially supportive environment.

Slavic women's understanding of diabetes dietary self-management and reported dietary behaviors.

Background: Slavic women with type 2 diabetes are an understudied group for issues related to dietary self-management for diabetes and heart health.

Methods: A single home or extension office visit was conducted with ten Slavic women for an individual in-depth interview, clinical and physical assessment, and a survey questionnaire.

Results: Participants were in poor diabetes control.

Metabolic syndrome in a multiethnic sample of school children: implications for the pediatric nurse.

There is lack of translational work that may assist the pediatric nurse in identifying the child who is at risk for metabolic syndrome. Early identification of the syndrome could assist pediatric health care providers in intervening and in lowering child health risks. Fasting serum insulin, metabolic syndrome criteria, and dietary intake were examined in a multiethnic sample of children aged 9-15 years.

Understanding patient experiences with goal setting for diabetes self-management after diabetes education.

Diabetes educators need to understand self-care experiences of patients with diabetes in the early stage after diagnosis and education. A survey assessed patient-generated measures of experiences with goals (self-care behaviors) after diabetes education among patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 97) between 6 months and 1.5 years since diagnosis.

Organizational issues related to satisfaction with food and food service in the nursing home from the resident's perspective.

This paper reviews organizational factors that potentially affect food quality and food service in the nursing home. A model is proposed for assessing the influence of organizational technology on resident satisfaction with food and food service from the resident's perspective. Findings from an exploratory phenomenological case study applying the model are presented.

Application of a five-step message development model for food safety education materials targeting people with HIV/AIDS.

Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have an increased risk of contracting foodborne illnesses and need to take special precautions regarding food safety. We implemented a five-step model to assess the needs of people with HIV, develop education materials targeted to their needs, and evaluate acceptance of the materials. Needs assessment focus groups (n=8) with HIV-infected people (n=65) and interviews with health care providers (n=18) were conducted to determine motivators and barriers to adopting food safety recommendations.

The meaning of mealtimes: connection to the social world of the nursing home.

Food that reflects our family backgrounds is a source of comfort that can play an important part in recovery from illness or adaptation to the nursing home, especially for older individuals. However, no studies could be found that explored residents' perspectives on how their food and food service preferences are, or are not, met in nursing homes. This exploratory qualitative study examined dietary preferences acquired during the course of a lifetime, and the meaning of mealtimes to 20 nursing home residents, and attempted to connect that meaning with their social world.

Resident coping strategies in the nursing home: an indicator of the need for dietary services change.

Inadequate food intake leading to malnutrition impacts up to 85% of nursing home residents. Malnutrition can result in compromised quality of life and lead to chronic disability, functional decline, increased health care utilization and costs, and death. This article examines organizational structure (Perrow, 1979) and person-environment fit (Lawton, 1982) as factors in nutritional care of nursing home residents.

Homocysteine in a multi-ethnic sample of school-age children.

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and other developed countries; arterial lesions that are precursors of disease begin during childhood. Homocysteine levels have been associated with cardiovascular disease rates in adults, but information about levels in and impact on children is limited, particularly among various ethnic groups. This study examined the cardiovascular risk factors of a multi-ethnic sample of 100 9-15 year-old Native American, Hispanic, White, and mixed race children in rural central Washington.

Evaluation of a Five-A-Day recipe booklet for enhancing the use of fruits and vegetables in low-income households.

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) needs to evaluate appropriate nutrition education for its at risk audience, including Five-A-Day for Better Health educational material that promotes consumption of five servings a day of fruits and vegetables. An evaluation was conducted of a Five-A-Day recipe booklet for use with mothers having a child or children enrolled in WIC. Three clinic sites in eastern Washington State tested the booklet using a pretest (n = 225)/post-test (n = 167) design and an intervention protocol based on preliminary focus group data.

Coping strategies and nutrition education needs among food pantry users.

In response to unexpectedly high rates of household food insecurity in Washington State, focus groups were conducted with food pantry users in nine locations across the state to explore access and barriers to food, strategies for coping with food insecurity, and nutrition education needs. All respondents had children and spoke English. Participants reported household food insecurity and concerns about feeding children and getting through the month.