Effects of mycelium post-ripening time on the yield, quality, and physicochemical properties of Pleurotus geesteranus.

This study determined the effects of the mycelium post-ripening time on the growth of Pleurotus geesteranus and the substrate metabolism. The characteristic indexes and timing reflecting the physiological maturity of P. geesteranus mycelium were identified to facilitate precise cultivation in factories.

Long-Cycling Cellulose-Based Gel Polymer Electrolyte Utilizing Nanohydrotalcite as a Li Transport Redistributor.

The hydroxyl groups on the surface of the cellulose-based gel polymer electrolyte lead to poor interfacial compatibility due to side reactions with lithium sheets. In this paper, a novel cellulose-based gel polymer electrolyte was prepared by uniformly coating the surface of a cellulose membrane with a nanohydrotalcite/PVDF-HFP composite using electrospinning technology. This cellulose-based gel polymer electrolyte exhibits good interfacial compatibility and excellent cycling stability (91.

extract inhibits the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells and .

Background/objectives: (SS) has various medicinal effects, including anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. Despite the extensive research on SS, its molecular mechanisms of action on lung cancer are unclear. This study examined the impact of an SS alcohol extract (SAE) on lung cancer using and models.

Identification of a pathogen causing fruiting body rot of .

is a medicinal macrofungus that is increasingly cultivated in China. During cultivation, it was found that the fruiting body of was susceptible to pathogenic fungi, resulting in significant economic losses to the industry. The symptoms of the disease occur in the initial stage of fruiting body development.

Effects of Cultivation Methods on the Nutritional Content, Active Component Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Fruiting Bodies of Sanghuangporus baumii (Agaricomycetes).

To provide a scientific reference for improving the sawdust cultivation of Sanghuangporus baumii, comparative studies were conducted on the contents of nutritional components and active components and the antioxidant activity of the fruiting bodies of S. baumii cultivated with sawdust and cut logs. The results indicate that, first, cultivation methods had little effect on the contents of crude fat and the measured 16 kinds of amino acids [including total essential amino acids (EAA), total nonessential amino acids (NEAA), EAA/NEAA, and EAA/total amino acid (TAA)], but had a great influence on the contents of crude protein, crude fiber and TAA.

Electrospun Sandwich-like Structure of PVDF-HFP/Cellulose/PVDF-HFP Membrane for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Cellulose membranes have eco-friendly, renewable, and cost-effective features, but they lack satisfactory cycle stability as a sustainable separator for batteries. In this study, a two-step method was employed to prepare a sandwich-like composite membrane of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP)/cellulose/ PVDF-HFP (PCP). The method involved first dissolving and regenerating a cellulose membrane and then electrospinning PVDF-HFP on its surface.

Studies on the interaction mechanism between xanthine oxidase and osmundacetone: Molecular docking, multi-spectroscopy and dynamical simulation.

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a key enzyme in uric acid production, and its molybdopterin (Mo-Pt) domain is an important catalytic center when xanthine and hypoxanthine are oxidated. It is found that the extract of Inonotus obliquus has an inhibitory effect on XO. In this study, five key chemical compounds were initially identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and two compounds, osmundacetone ((3E)-4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one) and protocatechuic aldehyde (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde), were screened as the XO inhibitors by ultrafiltration technology.

Anti-gout activity and the interaction mechanisms between Sanghuangporus vaninii active components and xanthine oxidase.

Xanthine oxidase (XO) plays a critical role in the progression of gout. We showed in a previous study that Sanghuangporus vaninii (S. vaninii), a perennial, medicinal, and edible fungus traditionally used to treat various symptoms, contains XO inhibitors.

Characterization, immunostimulatory and antitumor activities of a β-galactoglucofurannan from cultivated under forest.

A biomacromolecule, named as β-galactoglucofurannan (SVPS2), was isolated from the cultivated parts of under the forest. Its primary and advanced structure was analyzed by a series of techniques including GC-MS, methylation, NMR, MALS as well as AFM. The results indicated that SVPS2 was a kind of 1, 5-linked β-Glucofurannan consisting of β-glucose, β-galactose and α-fucose with 23.

Conformation and anticancer activity of a novel mannogalactan from the fruiting bodies of Sanghuangporus sanghuang on HepG2 cells.

A novel water-soluble mannogalactan (SSPS1) with an average molecular weight of 2.04 × 10 Da was obtained from the fruiting bodies of the Sanghuangporus sanghuang. It revealed that SSPS1 was composed of d-galactose, d-mannose, l-fucose, 3-O-methylgalactose and d-glucose in a ratio of 6.

Identifying Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Conferring Resistance to SC7 by Quantitative Trait Loci-Sequencing in Soybean.

(SMV) is detrimental to soybean () breeding, seed quality, and yield worldwide. Improving the basic resistance of host plants is the most effective and economical method to reduce damage from SMV. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and clone novel SMV resistance genes.

Geography-Driven Evolution of Potato Virus A Revealed by Genetic Diversity Analysis of the Complete Genome.

Potato virus A (PVA), a member of the genus , is an important potato pathogen that causes 30%-40% yield reduction to global potato production. Knowledge on the genetic structure and the evolutionary forces shaping the structure of this pathogen is limited but vital in developing effective management strategies. In this study, we investigated the population structure and molecular evolution of PVA by analyzing novel complete genomic sequences from Chinese isolates combined with available sequences from Europe, South America, Oceania, and North America.

Genome assembly of primitive cultivated potato Solanum stenotomum provides insights into potato evolution.

Genetic diversity is the raw material for germplasm enhancement. Landraces and wild species relatives of potato, which contain a rich gene pool of valuable agronomic traits, can provide insights into the genetic diversity behind the adaptability of the common potato. The diploid plant, Solanum stenotomum (Sst), is believed to have an ancestral relationship with modern potato cultivars and be a potential source of resistance against disease.

Screening anti-gout compounds from Phellinus igniarius by ultrafiltration liquid chromatography mass spectrometry based on evaluation of an in vitro method combined with enzymatic reaction.

In the present study, the anti-inflammation effect of Phellinus igniarius extract was detected on an in vitro model of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated using sodium urate. In this cell model, the content changes of inflammatory cytokines, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and interleukin-1 beta, in cell culture supernatants were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Structural characterization and hypoglycemic activity of an intracellular polysaccharide from Sanghuangporus sanghuang mycelia.

A neutral polysaccharide (SSIPS1) was isolated and purified from cultured mycelia of Sanghuangporus sanghuang by DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-100 columns. Basic monosaccharide composition indicated that SSIPS1 was mainly composed of d-glucose. The results of methylation and 2D-NMR analysis suggested that the glycosidic linkages of SSIPS1 were elucidated to consisted of 1,4-linked α-d-glucopyranose (Glcp) residues with two branched points at O-6.

Conformational properties and biological activities of α-D-mannan from Sanghuangporus sanghuang in liquid culture.

Sanghuang is a well-known edible and medicinal fungus consumed in Asia for centuries. In the present study, a novel exopolysaccharide named as mannan (SSEPS2) was isolated from the liquid culture broth of Sanghuangporus sanghuang by using ethanol precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and size-exclusion chromatography, which was exclusively composed of D-mannose with the molecular weight 9.43 × 10 g/mol.

Granzyme B and perforin are important for regulatory T cell-mediated suppression of tumor clearance.

Granzyme B is important for the ability of NK cells and CD8(+) T cells to kill their targets. However, we showed here that granzyme B-deficient mice clear both allogeneic and syngeneic tumor cell lines more efficiently than do wild-type (WT) mice. To determine whether regulatory T (Treg) cells utilize granzyme B to suppress immune responses against these tumors, we examined the expression and function of granzyme B in Treg cells.

Bioluminescence imaging reveals systemic dissemination of herpes simplex virus type 1 in the absence of interferon receptors.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) can produce disseminated, systemic infection in neonates and patients with AIDS or other immunocompromising diseases, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in spite of antiviral therapy. Components of host immunity that normally limit HSV-1 to localized epithelial and neuronal infection remain incompletely defined. We used in vivo bioluminescence imaging to determine effects of type I and II interferons (IFNs) on replication and tropism of HSV-1 infection in mice with genetic deficiency of type I, type II, or both type I and II IFN receptors.

Imaging 26S proteasome activity and inhibition in living mice.

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is the central mediator of regulated proteolysis in cells, and defects in this pathway are associated with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. To assess 26S proteasome function in living animals, we developed a ubiquitin-luciferase reporter for bioluminescence imaging. The reporter was degraded rapidly under steady-state conditions and stabilized in a dose- and time-dependent manner in response to proteasome inhibitors.