Pelvic floor changes in the first term pregnancy and postpartum period.

Objective: To follow a prospective cohort of women during their first term pregnancy to elucidate the nature and timing of changes to the pelvic floor during pregnancy and after vaginal delivery.

Methods: Enrolled subjects were evaluated at four time points with dynamic MRI, POP-Q examinations, and validated symptom questionnaires. The four assessments occurred during the first trimester (ePG), late third trimester (lPG), within a week after vaginal delivery (ePP), and three months postpartum (lPP).

Randomized trial of cesarean vs vaginal delivery for effects on the pelvic floor in squirrel monkeys.

Background: Vaginal delivery is a risk factor in pelvic floor disorders. We previously described changes in the pelvic floor associated with pregnancy and parturition in the squirrel monkey, a species with a humanlike pattern of spontaneous age- and parity-associated pelvic organ prolapse.

Objective: The potential to prevent or diminish these changes with scheduled cesarean delivery (CD) has not been evaluated.

Lack of association between pelvic outlet diameter and pelvic organ prolapse in squirrel monkeys.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The aim was to test the hypothesis that the pelvic outlet diameter (POD) is associated with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in squirrel monkeys.

Methods: Magnetic resonance images (MRI) were obtained from 55 females with and without POP. Commercial software was used by two observers to measure the POD.

Alterations in pelvic floor muscles and pelvic organ support by pregnancy and vaginal delivery in squirrel monkeys.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective of this study was to measure the effects of pregnancy and parturition on pelvic floor muscles and pelvic organ support.

Methods: Levator ani, obturator internus, and coccygeus (COC) muscle volumes and contrast uptake were assessed by MRI of seven females prior to pregnancy, 3 days, and 4 months postpartum. Bladder neck and cervix position were measured dynamically with abdominal squeezing.

MR angiography of the renal arteries: intraindividual comparison of double-dose contrast enhancement at 1.5 T with standard dose at 3 T.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare prospectively and within subjects use of 0.1 mmol/kg of gadodiamide at 3 T with use of 0.2 mmol/kg of gadodiamide at 1.

Renal arteries: comparison of steady-state free precession MR angiography and contrast-enhanced MR angiography.

All participants provided informed consent to participate in this study, which was approved by the institutional review board. Breath-hold three-dimensional (3D) steady-state free precession (SSFP) magnetic resonance (MR) angiography was compared with 3D contrast material-enhanced MR angiography in patients suspected of having renal artery stenosis. Two radiologists assessed visualization of renal arteries and detection of vascular disease.