Terbinafine-loaded branched PLGA-based cationic nanoparticles with modifiable properties.

Although the systemic administration of terbinafine is quite well tolerated, topical treatment of the local infections is often preferred. New formulation strategies in topical antifungal therapy represent the polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). We successfully employed the originally synthesized PLGA derivatives of branched architectures of various molar masses, branching ratio, and high number of terminal hydroxyl or carboxyl groups for compounding of terbinafine loaded nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation method.

A comparative analysis of protein virulence factors released via extracellular vesicles in two Candida albicans strains cultivated in a nutrient-limited medium.

One of the pathways for the delivery of virulence effector molecules into the extracellular environment of Candida albicans relies on the release of membrane-bound carriers which are called extracellular vesicles (EVs). Only a few studies aimed at investigating Candida albicans extracellular vesicles protein cargo and its potential contribution to the pathogenesis of C. albicans infections have been conducted to date.

[Contemporary technicqes in diagnostic patients with vaginal microbiota].

Objective: Review of literature dealing with the specificity of the vagina from the standpoint of microbial colonization.

Design: Literature review.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty in Hradec Kralove, Charles University Prague.

Comparison of two long-term gestagen regimens in the management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: A pilot study.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a hormonal-dependent infection but in contrast to sporadic VVC, therapy of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is still unsolved. Long-term administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate was evaluated for the management of RVVC. Overall, 20 patients were treated with Depo-Provera; 14 patients were treated with Provera.

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 6-Alkylamino-N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides.

This work presents synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of nineteen 6-alkylamino-N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides. Antimycobacterial activity was determined against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, M. kansasii and two strains of M.

[What is the current stage of vulvovaginal discomfort diagnostics in the Czech Republic? Pilot analysis].

Objective: To find out the level of the diagnostic effort of gynaecologists which is focused on the issue of vulvovaginal discomfort.

Design: Pilot questionnaire study.

Settings: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague, Department of Biological and Medici Sciences, FaF UK in Hradec Králové.

[Hypersensitivity reactions to carboplatin and paclitaxel - our five-years experiences].

Objective: To analyze hypersensitivity reactions to carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients treated with systemic administration of chemotherapy (carboplatin and/or paclitaxel).

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove.

Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.

A series of fifteen new compounds related to pyrazinamide (PZA) were synthesized, characterized with analytical data and screened for antimycobacterial, antifungal and antibacterial activity. The series consists of 6-chloro-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamide and N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides, derived from the previous by nucleophilic substitution with various non-aromatic amines (alkylamines, cycloalkylamines, heterocyclic amines). Some of the compounds exerted antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis equal to pyrazinamide (12.

[Vulvodynia and the possibility of its management].

Objective: A study of vulvodynia and the possibility of its management.

Subject: Original study.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teaching Hospital and Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague.

Antibacterial activity of N-benzylsalicylthioamides.

The in-vitro biological activity of N-benzylsalicylthioamides against 8 bacterial strains was determined by broth microdilution method; results were compared with those obtained with neomycin, penicillin G, ciprofloxacin and penicillin V. The compounds showed moderate to high activity against G(+) bacteria; especially compounds 4, 6, 13, 16-21 and 24 exhibited comparable or higher activity than reference drugs. The antibacterial activity was analyzed by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR).

N-Benzylsalicylthioamides as novel compounds with promising antimycotic activity.

The in vitro biological activity of N-benzylsalicylthioamides was evaluated against eight fungal strains by the broth microdilution method and the results were compared with those obtained with fluconazole. The compounds exhibited an in vitro antifungal activity against the fluconazole-susceptible as well as the fluconazole-resistant fungal strains. The biological activity was analyzed by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR).

[Prognostic factors of mesenchymal and mixed tumors of uterus].

Objective: Analysis of clinical and histopathological prognostic factors with emphasis on carcinosarcomas, leiomyosarcomas and endometrial sarcomas of uterus.

Subject: Review.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague; The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague; Department of Clinical Oncology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague; Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hradec Králové; Charles University, Prague.

[Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis--possibility of its treatment].

Objective: A review of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and the possibility of its treatment.

Subject: Original study.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague.

[Multidisciplinary approach to the management of vulvovaginal discomfort].

Vulvovaginal discomfort is generally the most common reason for visiting a gynaecological clinic. The acute complaints are, in most cases, solved by a gynaecologist himself and the decision procedure is based on possibilities arising from outpatient examination. If need be, the evaluation of wet preparation should be carried out.

[Systemic immunity in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis].

Objective: This study was undertaken to characterize systemic immunity in the patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Subject: Original prospective study.

Setting: 1.

Clinical aspects and luteal phase assessment in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Objective: This study was undertaken to characterize the patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Study Design: Basic data of personal history and history of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, lower genital tract symptoms and signs in 50 patients were analyzed in this longitudinal follow-up study including the determination of midluteal serum progesterone and urinary pregnanediol levels during the luteal phase in 84 cycles (recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis) and 60 cycles (healthy controls).

Results: All patients suffered primary idiopathic form of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

The serum levels of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis during attack, remission and in healthy controls.

The real cause of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) is concealed and the etiopathogenesis of this disease remains to be determined. In a cohort study, concentrations of metals in 44 patients with RVVC and 30 healthy age-matched women were measured and compared. The concentrations of serum calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) were measured photometrically, the zinc (Zn) levels were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

[Antifungal effect in selected natural compounds and probiotics and their possible use in prophylaxis of vulvovaginitis].

Objective: a survey of effective natural compounds and probiotics with antifungal activity and their possible use in vulvovaginitis as a prophylactic or therapeutic drug.

Design: review of literature.

Setting: Charles University at Prague, Pharmaceutical Faculty at Hradec Kralove.

[Antifungal immunity and its mechanism in female genitalia].

Objective: A review of immunological aspects of fungal infections with focus on vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Design: Review.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Faculty, Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Department of Biological and Medical sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove.

Stereospecific reduction of the original anticancer drug oracin in rat extrahepatic tissues.

The liver is the major site of drug metabolism in the body. However, many drugs undergo metabolism in extrahepatic sites and in the gut wall and lumen. In this study, the distribution and activity of reductases in rat that reduced potential cytostatic oracin to its principal metabolite 11-dihydrooracin (DHO) were investigated.

[Histopathologic prognostic factors, serum markers and selected molecular biologic factors in ovarian carcinoma].

Objective: A review of histopathological prognostic factors, serum markers and selected molecular biological factors in ovarian cancer.

Design: Review.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague; Department of Biological and Medical sciences, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague; Department of Clinical Oncology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Department of Oncology, Prague.

Induction of natural killer cell migration by monocyte chemotactic protein-1, -2 and -3.

Under certain physiological and pathological conditions, natural killer (NK) cells rapidly accumulate in tissues. Chemokines are an essential component of the current paradigm of leukocyte recruitment. The present study was designed to investigate the responsiveness of NK cells to the prototypic C-C chemokine, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1).

Regulated expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in human malignant melanoma.

Expression of the endothelial adhesion molecule VCAM-1 was studied in human malignant melanoma lines by flow cytometry. Clones 2/4 and 2/14 (derived from the same lesion) had appreciable levels of VCAM-1 expression, whereas clone 2/21 and the lines A2058, Mel24, and A375 were negative. Clone 2/14 was selected for further analysis.

Heterogeneous susceptibility of human melanoma clones to monocyte cytotoxicity: role of ICAM-1 defined by antibody blocking and gene transfer.

Five clones derived from the same human malignant melanoma lesion were studied for their susceptibility to killing by human monocytes activated by exposure to interferon (IFN)-gamma and lipopolysaccharide. Melanoma clones were heterogeneous in their susceptibility to human monocyte cytotoxicity, with one clone (2/21) exhibiting extremely low levels of lysis. The different levels of susceptibility to monocyte cytotoxicity were not accounted for by susceptibility or resistance to monokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6] because: (a) these effector molecules had little (TNF) or no (IL-1 and IL-6) cytolytic activity under these conditions; and (b) anti-TNF antibodies had marginal effects on cytotoxicity.