The OsMYC2-JA feedback loop regulates diurnal flower-opening time via cell wall loosening in rice.

Diurnal flower-opening time (DFOT), the time of spikelet opening during the day, is an important trait for hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed production. Hybrids between indica and japonica rice varieties have strong heterosis, but the parental lines usually have different, nonoverlapping DFOTs.

Destruxin A inhibits the hemocytin-mediated hemolymph immunity of host insects to facilitate Metarhizium infection.

Insects have an effective innate immune system to protect themselves against fungal invasion. Metarhizium employs a toxin-based strategy using a nonribosomal peptide called destruxin A (DA) to counteract the host immune response. However, the mechanism by which DA inhibits insect immunity is still unclear.

Rhabdovirus encoded glycoprotein induces and harnesses host antiviral autophagy for maintaining its compatible infection.

Macroautophagy/autophagy has been recognized as a central antiviral defense mechanism in plant, which involves complex interactions between viral proteins and host factors. Rhabdoviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses, and the infection causes serious harm to public health, livestock, and crop production. However, little is known about the role of autophagy in the defense against rhabdovirus infection by plant.

Long-term oral tribasic copper chloride exposure impedes cognitive function and disrupts mitochondrial metabolism by inhibiting mitophagy in rats.

Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient element that commonly acted as a feed additive and antimicrobial in agricultural production. Tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) is a relatively new dietary Cu source, and its exposure directly or indirectly affects the safety of animals and ecological environment, thus posing a potential risk to human health. Cu overexposure would produce toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may have toxic effects on the host, but the mechanism of neurotoxicity remains unclear.

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis in mainland China from 2016 to 2020: a population-based study.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis is epidemic in China and many other countries of the world, and has caused substantial burdens to human health. We conducted successive national monitoring in China from 2016 to 2020 to analyze the prevalence, changing trends, and factors influencing soil-transmitted helminthiasis, which provided a reference for future control strategies.

Methods: Soil-transmitted helminth monitoring was carried out in 31 provinces (autonomous regions or municipalities, herein after referred to as "provinces") throughout China.

BOTRYOID POLLEN 1 regulates ROS-triggered PCD and pollen wall development by controlling UDP-sugar homeostasis in rice.

Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-sugars are important metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of polysaccharides and may be important signaling molecules. UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (UGE) catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-Glc and UDP-Gal, whose biological function in rice (Oryza sativa) fertility is poorly understood. Here, we identify and characterize the botryoid pollen 1 (bp1) mutant and show that BP1 encodes a UGE that regulates UDP-sugar homeostasis, thereby controlling the development of rice anthers.

Epidemiological Profile and Spatial Patterns of Enterobiasis in Children Aged 3-9 Years in China from 2016 to 2020.

(1) Background: infection causes a significant health burden in children. The infection occurs throughout the country and remains a serious public concern in China. Therefore, it is necessary to know the situation of infection, to provide a scientific basis for the disease control and the optimum conditions for children's growth.

National surveillance of hookworm disease in China: A population study.

Background: Hookworm disease is endemic in China and is widespread globally. The disease burden to humans is great.

Methods: The study described the national surveillance of hookworm implemented in 31 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities (P/A/Ms) of China in 2019.

Sandwich Ct real-time PCR identifies single-copy T-DNA integration accumulating in backbone-free transgenic T Arabidopsis.

A sandwich Ct real-time PCR (SC-PCR) was used to detect single-copy T-DNA plants by visualizing Ct patterns of T-DNA and two reference amplicons. Detecting the T-DNA copy number directly by visualizing the Ct pattern eliminates the errors introduced by multistep calculations of relative Ct values. Using SC-PCR, we found that single-copy T-DNA integrations were more frequent in transgenic T Arabidopsis without a vector backbone.

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis in China: A national survey in 2014-2015.

Background: Based on two national surveys, the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) in China had decreased from 53.58% in 1988-1992 to 19.56% in 2001-2004.

Amoebic Dysentery - China, 2005-2019.

Amebiasis is caused by infection with . As a severe sequence in amebiasis, amoebic dysentery is tracked by China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting System. From 2005 to 2019, a total of 28,229 cases of amoebic dysentery and 7 resulting deaths were reported in China.

Protein SP44 Is a Novel Protective Antigen in a Mouse Model of Babesiosis.

Babesiosis caused by species imposes an increasing threat to public-health and so far, there is no effective vaccine to prevent infections. surface antigen may participate in the invasion of erythrocytes. In our previous study, a surface antigen of merozoites, named as SP44 was identified as a dominant reactive antigen by protein microarray screening.

From awareness to action: NIPD's engagement in the control of food-borne clonorchiasis.

Clonorchiasis is caused by ingestion of raw freshwater fish containing infective larvae of Clonorchis sinensis. China harbours the largest number of people with C. sinensis infection.

Engagement of the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases in control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in China.

Soil-transmitted helminthiases (STHs) have been widely transmitted in China and the control of STHs was initiated by NIPD-CTDR since its foundation. Three national surveys on STHs have been carried out in China, and the infection rate has dropped from 53.58% in the first national survey (1988-92) to 4.

Spatiotemporal and demographic characteristics of scrub typhus in Southwest China, 2006-2017: An analysis of population-based surveillance data.

Scrub typhus is a life-threatening vector-borne disease. During the past decade, the number of areas affected by this disease has expanded in many countries. In this study, we aim to identify the spatiotemporal and demographic characteristics of scrub typhus in Southwest China, an emerging endemic region for scrub typhus.

National surveillance on soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the People's Republic of China.

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are widely distributed and remain a public health problem in the People's Republic of China. Altogether, 301 counties across 30 regions were investigated during the national surveillance on STHs carried out in 2016 based on the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method to examine faecal samples. A total of 305 081 people were investigated with 7 366 (2.

Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis - China, 2018.

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) is distributed widely in China and a large number of the population is afflicted. However, trends of STH infections are decreasing. The most recent data indicates that the overall prevalence of STH was 1.

Surveillance of clonorchiasis in China in 2016.

Clonorchiasis is an important food-borne parasitic disease in China, and infection with C. sinensis can cause hepatobiliary diseases. Comprehensive and systematic prevention and control of clonorchiasis requires the establishment of an effective surveillance.

HMS1 interacts with HMS1I to regulate very-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis and the humidity-sensitive genic male sterility in rice (Oryza sativa).

Environment-sensitive genic male sterility (EGMS) lines are used widely in two-line hybrid breeding in rice (Oryza sativa). At present, photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterility (PGMS) lines and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) lines are predominantly used in two-line hybrid rice, with humidity-sensitive genic male sterility (HGMS) lines rarely being reported. Here, it is shown that HUMIDITY-SENSITIVE GENIC MALE STERILITY 1 (HMS1), encoding a β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase, plays key roles in the biosynthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and HGMS in rice.

Evaluation of scrub typhus diagnosis in China: analysis of nationwide surveillance data from 2006 to 2016.

Background: Scrub typhus is a life-threatening disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, and specific antimicrobial medicine is available. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for reducing the risk of severe complications and death. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the case diagnosis situation among medical care institutions and geographical regions in China, and the results will benefit both clinical practice and the disease surveillance system.

[Status and working principals of soil-transmitted nematodiasis during new period in China].

The current status of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in China is analyzed. The achievements in prevention and control of soil-transmitted nematodiasis are illustrated. Moreover, the challenges in condition of the decline of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in China are demonstrated.

Assessment of health education products aimed at controlling and preventing helminthiases in China.

Background: Helminthiases have placed a huge burden of disease on the population in China. However, widespread control activities have led to significant achievements. As health education has been widely disseminated and plays an important role in the control and elimination of these diseases, we collected health education products aimed at controlling and preventing helminthiases in China.

Immunomics analysis of Babesia microti protein markers by high-throughput screening assay.

Babesia microti is a protozoan considered to be a major etiological agent of emerging human babesiosis. It imposes an increasing public-health threat and can be overlooked because of low parasitemia or mixed infection with other pathogens. More sensitive and specific antigens are needed to improve the diagnosis of babesiosis.

Screening for biomarkers reflecting the progression of Babesia microti infection.

Background: Babesiosis is caused by the invasion of erythrocytes by parasites of the Babesia spp. Babesia microti is one of the primary causative agents of human babesiosis. To better understand the status of the disease, discovering key biomarkers of the different infection stages is crucial.