Caffeine's Neuroprotective Effect on Memory Impairment: Suppression of Adenosine AA Receptor and Enhancement of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Dopaminergic Neurons Under Hypobaric Hypoxia Conditions.

Aims: Chronic hypobaric hypoxia frequently results in memory deficits, with severe cases showing marked alterations in dopamine levels and its metabolites. This research explores caffeine's modulation of the adenosine AA receptor (AAR) and its regulatory effects on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), aiming to restore dopamine homeostasis and mitigate memory impairments associated with hypoxia. The goal is to identify novel preventive strategies against cognitive decline induced by hypoxia.

Green Synergy: Interplay of corporate social responsibility, green intellectual capital, and green ambidextrous innovation for sustainable performance in the industry 4.0 era.

This study delves into the interconnections among corporate social responsibility, green intellectual capital, green ambidextrous innovation, and sustainable performance, particularly in the context of Industry 4.0 and sustainability. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted, and a sample of 317 small and medium enterprises was collected.

Evolving waste management: The impact of environmental technology, taxes, and carbon emissions on incineration in EU countries.

Amid the urgent global imperatives concerning climate change and resource preservation, our research delves into the critical domains of waste management and environmental sustainability within the European Union (EU), collecting data from 1990 to 2022. The Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) results reveal a resounding commitment among EU member states to diminish their reliance on incineration, which is evident through adopting green technologies and environmentally conscious taxation policies, aligning with the European Union's sustainability objectives. However, this transition presents the intricate task of harmonizing industrial emissions management with efficient waste disposal.

Hypoxic preacclimatization combining intermittent hypoxia exposure with physical exercise significantly promotes the tolerance to acute hypoxia.

Both hypoxia exposure and physical exercise before ascending have been proved to promote high altitude acclimatization, whether the combination of these two methods can bring about a better effect remains uncertain. Therefore, we designed this study to evaluate the effect of hypoxic preacclimatization combining intermittent hypoxia exposure (IHE) and physical exercise on the tolerance to acute hypoxia and screen the optimal preacclimatization scheme among the lowlanders. A total of 120 Han Chinese young men were enrolled and randomly assigned into four groups, including the control group and three experimental groups with hypoxic preacclimatization of 5-day rest, 5-day exercise, and 3-day exercise in a hypobaric chamber, respectively.

Exploring the relationship between financial inclusion and natural resource utilization in QUAD economies.

This study delves into the intricate relationship between financial inclusion (FIC) and economic development (ED) within the context of QUAD nations, including the USA, Australia, India, and Japan. Using panel data spanning from 2000 to 2021, the research investigates this relationship by employing various statistical techniques. Initially, the Jarque-Bera (JB) normality test highlights the non-normal distribution of the data.

Does the setting of local government economic growth targets promote or hinder urban carbon emission performance? Evidence from China.

Growth target management drives China's economic expansion, leading to potential carbon emission externalities. This study examines the impact of economic growth target setting on carbon emission performance in 257 Chinese localities from 2004 to 2020. Using cluster standard error regression, 2SLS instrumental variable regression, and the spatial Durbin model, the results show that moderate growth targets improve urban carbon emission performance.

Will the imposition of carbon tariffs enhance or worsen the carbon performance of China's export industries? A reality check based on 28 manufacturing industry segments.

Carbon tariffs are directly linked to carbon performance and have an impact on export sectors. This paper examines the relationship between carbon tariffs and carbon performance based on China's manufacturing sector, helping to visually quantify the impact of carbon tariffs and to adopt more favourable strategies to address the impact. This paper uses data from 28 manufacturing industry segments in China from 2009 to 2019, estimating carbon performance using an SBM model incorporating non-desired outputs.

Can green bonds empower green technology innovation of enterprises?

Green bonds, a new green financial instrument, encourage enterprises to achieve high-quality development through green technology innovation. However, a lack of research is currently being conducted into the effect of green bond issuance in China. Can green bonds effectively empower enterprises to green innovation? What is the underlying mechanism? In the context of carbon-neutral strategies, it is significant to answer these questions scientifically.

Carbon Neutrality in the Middle East and North Africa: The Roles of Renewable Energy, Economic Growth, and Government Effectiveness.

Carbon neutrality is a 21st-century priority area, with the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries making significant investments in renewable energy and climate mitigation initiatives to attain it. However, carbon neutrality research in the MENA region is under-developed, particularly when considering the roles of renewable energy, economic growth, and effectiveness of government. To address this gap, this research investigates the roles of renewable energy, economic growth, and government effectiveness toward the MENA region's carbon neutrality goal.

The relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation: could West African countries benefit from EKC hypothesis?

There are growing concerns about environmental degradation and economic expansions in West Africa. Although there are several growth-environmental studies in Africa, there is limited empirical research exploring West African countries' potential of benefiting from the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis, with the few studies on this subject reporting diverse results based on selected West African countries. To fill this gap, this study explored the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation within the EKC framework using 16 West African countries sub-grouped into low-income countries (LICs) and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) between 1990 and 2018.

Will green finance promote green development: based on the threshold effect of R&D investment.

Deeply understanding the driving effect of green finance on green development is of great significance to promote economic transformation and realize the long-term green development. This paper uses the entropy method and undesirable-SE-SBM model to measure provincial green finance and green development efficiency respectively from 2008 to 2018. And based on the above, the panel threshold model is constructed to discuss the nonlinear relationship between green finance and green development efficiency from the first empirical verification.

Assessing the role of financial inclusion and financial development to improve energy and environmental efficiency.

Environmental concerns are increasingly assuming prominence across the globe. Undesirable output such as carbon dioxide is the end-product of desirable productivity in energy and environmental measurement. Therefore, the current study uses data envelopment analysis to measure the energy and environmental efficiency of developed and developing countries from 2001 to 2020.

Assessing Chinese governance low-carbon economic peer effects in local government and under sustainable environmental regulation.

The current study developed a systematic analytical framework to explore the logic of forming the cohort effect of green governance and green development in China in the new era. Based on provincial panel data from 2008 to 2018, this paper examines the existence, scope, and induced control of the green governance peer effects using a spatial econometric approach. The study found that the following: (1) Influenced by the top-level design of the central government and the contradictory governance of regional development, the local governments form the peer effects in green governance activities.

Measuring energy and environmental efficiency interactions towards CO emissions reduction without slowing economic growth in central and western Europe.

Given the economic growth and energy consumption patterns, most countries are striving to solve the problems of CO emissions reduction to achieve sustainable development. This paper employs an improved DEA model to measure energy and environmental efficiency for some selected countries in central and western Europe. In addition, the DEA window evaluation technique is applied to measure cross-sectional efficiency using two inputs (energy consumption, labor force), a desirable output (gross domestic product), and an undesirable output (CO emission) for the period from 2010 to 2014.

Analyzing carbon emission transfer network structure among provinces in China: new evidence from social network analysis.

Domestic trade plays a key role in China's rapid economic progress. However, the increased domestic trade causes significant variations in carbon emission transfer among provinces. This study adopted the multi-region input-output (MRIO) model and social network analysis (SNA) to estimate the carbon emission transfer.

Economics of energy and environmental efficiency: evidence from OECD countries.

The purpose of this research is to determine the efficiency of energy usage and its role in carbon dioxide emissions (CI) and economic-environmental efficiency (EEE) for some countries Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) economies. For environment quality assessment, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to assess the data cover the period from 2013 to 2017. In this study, primary energy consumption (PEC) and population are two basic inputs along with gross domestic product (GDP) and carbon dioxide emissions that are desirable and undesirable  outputs, respectively.

Forecasting Nitrous Oxide emissions based on grey system models.

Accurate forecasting is required to measure future national energy performance levels in order to establish clear policies for both monitoring and reducing Nitrous Oxide and other harmful emissions. Using the well-established and accepted measures, we predict the Nitrous Oxide emissions for the year 2030 based on actual data from the years 2000 to 2016 for six countries responsible for 61% of global emissions (China, Indonesia, India, Japan, Russia and the USA). Three advanced mathematical grey predictions models were employed, namely the Even Grey Model (1, 1), the Discrete Grey Model (1, 1) and the Non-homogeneous Discrete Grey Model, which is capable of working with poor or limited data.

Integrated effect of energy consumption, economic development, and population growth on CO based environmental degradation: a case of transport sector.

The transportation sector consumes 25% of world energy with 23% of the world's total carbon emission. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the integrated effect of fossil fuel source of energy consumption, economic development, and total population on CO emission based on environmental degradation transportation sector. We employed the econometric methodologies such as a hybrid error correction model, regression coefficients, platykurtic distribution, Dickey-Fuller test, and co-integration test in order to justify empirical analysis for Pakistan transport sector.

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of environmental efficiency for China's hotel sector: new evidence through metafrontier global Malmquist-Luenberger.

With the adding of tourist volume in China, carbon emissions from hotel sector increased greatly. Environmental efficiency of hotel sector considering technology heterogeneity is mainly analyzed across different regions of China from 2000 to 2013. Metafrontier global Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) is implemented to evaluate environmental efficiency of hotel sector.

Economic assessment and ranking of wind power potential using fuzzy-TOPSIS approach.

In this study, we proposed integrated tools to evaluate the wind power potential, economic viability, and prioritize 15 proposed sites for the installation of wind farms. Initially, we used modified Weibull distribution model coupled with power law to assess the wind power potential. Secondly, we employed value cost method to estimate per unit cost ($/kWh) of proposed sites.

Correction to: The influencing factors of CO emission intensity of Chinese agriculture from 1997 to 2014.

The correct name of the 2nd Author is Yusen Luo. The original article has been corrected.

The influencing factors of CO emission intensity of Chinese agriculture from 1997 to 2014.

In China, agriculture produces the greatest chemical oxygen demand (COD) emissions in wastewater and the most methane (CH) emissions. It is imperative that agricultural pollution in China be reduced. This study investigated the influencing factors of the CO emission intensity of Chinese agriculture from 1997 to 2014.

[Effect of ileocecum interposition graft as pylorus replacement on glycometabolism].

Objective: To evaluate the application of ileocecum interposition (ii) graft as pylorus replacement in alimentary reconstruction.

Methods: Twenty- one minipigs were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group (control group), B - i group and ii group. The levels of blood glucose were measured by quick blood glucose testing of paper at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes of oral glucose after 60 and 120 post- operative days to compare gastric emptying of liquid feeds.