Alterations in functional connectivity in the salience network shared by depressive symptoms and smartphone overuse.

Globally, the age when children start using smartphones has decreased. Concurrently, the increased use of smartphones among children in developmental stages has caused serious effects, such as depression. While neuroimaging studies have predicted a significant overlap between the neurobiological changes caused by depression and smartphone overuse, few have simultaneously examined them.

3D Bristle-Structured, Knitted-Fabric-Based Triboelectric Sensors for Machine Learning-Based Motion Recognition.

With the development of electronic technology, triboelectric-based sensors have been widely researched in fields such as healthcare, rehabilitation training, and sports assistance due to their manufacturing convenience and self-powering advantages. Among them, 3D fabric-based triboelectric sensors not only possess advantages such as easy mechanized production, good breathability, and ease of wearing but also their unique 3D structure enhances the specific surface area, thereby amplifying the sensitivity. This study proposes a 3D bristle-structured fabric made by a digital knitting technology that has not been studied widely for triboelectric devices.

Pharmacogenetic determinants of tenofovir diphosphate and lamivudine triphosphate concentrations in people with HIV/HBV coinfection.

The nucleos(t)ide analogs require phosphorylation to the pharmacologically active anabolites in cells. We investigated the hypothesis that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that encode transporters and phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes involved in tenofovir (TFV), disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and lamivudine (3TC) disposition will be associated with concentrations of their phosphate anabolites and virologic response. Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection receiving TDF/3TC-containing antiretroviral therapy were enrolled.

Output Performance Enhanced Triboelectric Nanogenerators Induced by Magnetic Ink Trapping Property Act as Wearable Sensors.

The demand for clean-energy collection has gradually increased in recent years, making triboelectric nanogenerators a promising research field, because of their advantages in convenient manufacturing, diversified materials, and diverse synthesis and modification possibilities. However, recent studies indicate that charge decay, a major limiting factor in the triboelectric output, prevents the induced charge from combining with the bottom electrode, leading to charge loss. The use of charge-trapping sites to retain the induced charge generated during the friction process is an important solution in the field of triboelectric nanogenerator research.

Enhanced Enzymatic Synthesis of Puerarin Palmitate with Different Acyl Donors for Lipid Solubility Improvement.

Puerarin is a flavonoid known as a natural antioxidant found in the root of . Its antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects have attracted attention as a potential functional ingredient in various bioindustries. However, puerarin has limited bioavailability owing to its low lipid solubility and stability.

Amplified Performance of Charge Accumulation and Trapping Induced by Enhancing the Dielectric Constant via the Cyano Group of 3D-Structured Textile for a Triboelectric Multi-Modal Sensor.

To further improve the output performance of triboelectric devices, reducing charge attenuation and loss has become a hot research topic. Particularly, textiles have emerged as one of the promising research directions for triboelectric devices owing to their special internal structure and large specific surface area. In the present work, polyacrylonitrile fibers are fabricated with two distinct structures to provide a higher dielectric constant due to the strong polar properties brought about by higher dipole moment of the CN group.

A Study on Aqueous Dispersing of Carbon Black Nanoparticles Surface-Coated with Styrene Maleic Acid (SMA) Copolymer.

Carbon black (CB) particles tend to aggregate in aqueous solutions, and finding an optimum dispersing condition (e.g., selection of the type of dispersant) is one of the important tasks in related industries.

Exosome Release by Glucose Deprivation Is Important for the Viability of TSC-Null Cells.

The control of exosome release is associated with numerous physiological and pathological activities, and that release is often indicative of health, disease, and environmental nutrient stress. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) regulates the cell viability via the negative regulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1) during glucose deprivation. However, the mechanism by which viability of TSC-null cells is regulated by mTORC1 inhibition under glucose deprivation remains unclear.

Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional Applications.

The cross-linked hierarchical structure in biological systems provides insight into the development of innovative material structures. Specifically, the sarcoplasmic reticulum muscle is able to transmit electrical impulses in skeletal muscle due to its cross-linked hierarchical tubular cell structure. Inspired by the cross-linked tubular cell structure, we designed and built chemical cross-links between the carbon nanotubes within the carbon nanotube yarn (CNT yarn) structure by an esterification reaction.

Leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 is required for proliferation of TSC-null cells.

Uncontrolled cell proliferation associated with cancer depends on the functional abrogation of at least one of tumor suppressor. In response to nutrient cue, tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) works as a tumor suppressor which inhibits cell growth via negative regulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1). However, the regulation mechanism of nutrient-dependent cell proliferation in TSC-null cells remains unclear.

Wearable Strain Sensors with Aligned Macro Carbon Cracks Using a Two-Dimensional Triaxial-Braided Fabric Structure for Monitoring Human Health.

Recently, wearable sensors, due to their ability to exhibit characteristics, have been appealing for health monitoring through detection of human motions and vital signals. The development of strain sensors with high sensing performance and wearability has been a great challenge to date. In this study, a textile-based strain sensor with good skin affinity was fabricated through a simple fabrication process of dip-coating 2D triaxial-braided fabrics using carbon ink and then drying.

LUX: Smart Mirror with Sentiment Analysis for Mental Comfort.

As COVID-19 solidifies its presence in everyday life, the interest in mental health is growing, resulting in the necessity of sentiment analysis. A smart mirror is suitable for encouraging mental comfort due to its approachability and scalability as an in-home AI device. From the aspect of natural language processing (NLP), sentiment analysis for Korean lacks an emotion dataset regarding everyday conversation.

A Knitted Sensing Glove for Human Hand Postures Pattern Recognition.

In recent years, flexible sensors for data gloves have been developed that aim to achieve excellent wearability, but they are associated with difficulties due to the complicated manufacturing and embedding into the glove. This study proposes a knitted glove integrated with strain sensors for pattern recognition of hand postures. The proposed sensing glove is fabricated at all once by a knitting technique without sewing and bonding, which is composed of strain sensors knitted with conductive yarn and a glove body with non-conductive yarn.

The effect of diet, exercise, and lifestyle intervention on childhood obesity: A network meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Trials investigating the efficacy of different interventions for overweight children are limited and controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study is to perform a network meta-analysis on the efficacy of various interventions for children with obesity (an average age of 6-12 years old).

Methods: We obtained the data of trials reporting pre-post obesity relevant outcomes (e.

Optimized Dyeing Process for Enhancing the Functionalities of Spent Coffee Dyed Wool Fabrics Using a Facile Extraction Process.

Spent coffee grounds are the byproduct of coffee brewing and are generally discarded as waste. However, spent coffee has high levels of organic compounds that have multiple biological effects, including antibacterial and antioxidant activities. In this light, spent coffee grounds were tested for fabric dyeing to both functionalize as well as color the fabrics.

Scalable and facile synthesis of stretchable thermoelectric fabric for wearable self-powered temperature sensors.

Wearable sensor systems with ultra-thinness, light weight, high flexibility, and stretchability that are conformally in contact with the skin have advanced tremendously in many respects, but they still face challenges in terms of scalability, processibility, and manufacturability. Here, we report a highly stretchable and wearable textile-based self-powered temperature sensor fabricated using commercial thermoelectric inks. Through various combinations of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and graphene inks, we obtained linear temperature-sensing capability.

Treatment of non-odontogenic orofacial pain using botulinum toxin-A: a retrospective case series study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of treatment of non-odontogenic atypical orofacial pain using botulinum toxin-A.

Methods: This study involved seven patients (seven females, mean age 65.1 years) who had non-odontogenic orofacial pain (neuropathic pain and atypical orofacial pain) and visited the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between 2015 and 2017.

Zinc transporter SLC39A11 polymorphisms are associated with chronic gastritis in the Korean population: the possible effect on spicy food intake.

Herein, we hypothesized that ZIP11 variants would be important risk factors for chronic gastritis and that there would be an interaction effect of the relationship between their variants and spicy food intake on the development of chronic gastritis. Participants in this cross-sectional study (n = 3882 + 252) were recruited from a cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study in 2001. Age, sex, education, smoking and drinking status, exercise, stress, and income level of all participants were determined by a questionnaire.

Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging of biopsy-proven Kikuchi disease: initial experiences for evaluating feasibility in pediatric patients.

Purpose: This study evaluated the feasibility of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography and characterized the sonographic features of lymph nodes (LNs) with Kikuchi disease in pediatric patients.

Methods: Seventy-six cervical LN biopsies were performed for the diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy. ARFI imaging was performed, and the characteristic ultrasound features of the biopsied LNs and the contralateral LNs were analyzed.

Anatomical analysis of the resected roots of mandibular first molars after failed non-surgical retreatment.

Objectives: Understanding the reason for an unsuccessful non-surgical endodontic treatment outcome, as well as the complex anatomy of the root canal system, is very important. This study examined the cross-sectional root canal structure of mandibular first molars confirmed to have failed non-surgical root canal treatment using digital images obtained during intentional replantation surgery, as well as the causative factors of the failed conventional endodontic treatments.

Materials And Methods: This study evaluated 115 mandibular first molars.

The Melatonin Signaling Pathway in a Long-Term Memory In Vitro Study.

The activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) via phosphorylation in the hippocampus is an important signaling mechanism for enhancing memory processing. Although melatonin is known to increase CREB expression in various animal models, the signaling mechanism between melatonin and CREB has been unknown in vitro. Thus, we confirmed the signaling pathway between the melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) and CREB using melatonin in HT-22 cells.