Urazoles as Heterocyclic Directing Groups in Ru(II)-Catalyzed Annulation of N-H/C-H Bonds with Vinylene Carbonate.

The development of novel directing groups is a valuable strategy to secure the advancement of catalytic C-H functionalization. To illustrate the feasibility of urazoles as heterocyclic directing groups, we herein present the ruthenium(II)-catalyzed annulation of N-H/C-H bonds on -aryl urazoles with vinylene carbonate. This transformation provides the rapid construction of triazolocinnoline derivatives as hemiaminal and dehydrated forms.

Single-cell epigenetic profiling reveals an interferon response-high program associated with deficiency in kidney cancer.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by recurrent somatic mutations in epigenetic regulators, which stratify patients into clinically significant subgroups with distinct prognoses and treatment responses. However, the cell type-specific epigenetic landscape of RCC-broadly and in the context of these mutations-is incompletely understood. To investigate these open questions, we integrated single nucleus ATAC sequencing data from RCC tumors across four independent cohorts.

Correction: Park et al. -Mediated EMT Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Malignancy through the ERK/Fra-1/ZEB1 Pathway. 2023, , 274.

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3D keloid spheroid model: Development and application for personalized drug response prediction.

Research on keloid is limited by the lack of proper in vitro and animal model reflecting in vivo status. Based on heterogeneity of keloid and important role of endothelial cells in its pathogenesis, a novel 3D in vitro keloid spheroid prepared with keloid fibroblasts and endothelial cells was evaluated in this study. Commercial cell lines of keloid fibroblasts and endothelial cells were used at various cellular ratios to generate keloid spheroids to determine the optimal condition.

Dual Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Patients With Aggressive Thyroid Carcinoma: A Phase 2 Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Aggressive thyroid carcinoma, including radioiodine refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and have limited therapeutic options. Distinct immune profiles have been identified in thyroid cancer subtypes suggesting they may be susceptible to immune checkpoint inhibition.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death 1 nivolumab and anti-cytotoxic lymphocyte-associated protein 4 ipilimumab in patients with aggressive thyroid carcinoma.

Development and Assessment of a Novel Ulcerative Colitis-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire: A Prospective, Multi-Institutional Study.

Purpose: Interest in the quality of life (QoL) of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has recently increased. Although measurement tools have been devised for IBD in general, there is no specific tool for measuring the QoL of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Therefore, we developed a QoL questionnaire specifically for patients with UC.

Combined high-rate contact stabilization and chemically enhanced primary treatment for enhanced recovery of organic matter and biogas from sewage.

This study examined integrating high-rate contact stabilization (HRCS) and chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) for wastewater to improve the carbon recovery rate (CRR). Enhancing chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was hypothesized to improve the CRR. The evaluation covered serial HRCS-CEPT, serial CEPT-HRCS, and single-stage carbon recovery (Single-CR).

The Efficacy of a Home-Based, Augmented Reality Dual-Task Platform for Cognitive-Motor Training in Elderly Patients: A Pilot Observational Study.

Objective: This study introduces a novel home-based dual-task platform incorporating augmented reality (AR), COGNIMO, aimed at simultaneously enhancing cognition and physical abilities. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of this intervention in enhancing cognitive and physical abilities in elderly individuals with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and mild Alzheimer's dementia.

Methods: A 12-week observational study enrolled 57 participants aged 60-85 years.

Thiatruxene-Based Conductive MOF: Harnessing Sulfur Chemistry for Enhanced Proton Transport.

Functionalizing the organic building blocks of electrically conductive MOFs (EC-MOFs) can be a powerful method for adjusting the electronic structure and introducing a specific chemistry. However, designing EC-MOF linkers with reactive functional groups for postsynthetic modification is challenging due to the requirements of d-p conjugation. This work addresses such design limitations by synthesizing an EC-MOF, Cu-thiatruxene (Cu-thiaTRX).

Cell states and neighborhoods in distinct clinical stages of primary and metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a highly lethal cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract with rising incidence in western populations. To decipher EAC disease progression and therapeutic response, we performed multiomic analyses of a cohort of primary and metastatic EAC tumors, incorporating single-nuclei transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility sequencing, along with spatial profiling. We identified tumor microenvironmental features previously described to associate with therapy response.

Cascade Hydroxyl Radical-Generating and Ferroptosis-Inducing Nanofiber System for the Therapy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Nanofiber (NF) membrane systems that can provide cascade catalytic reaction and ferroptosis induction were developed for oral cancer therapy. Glucose oxidase (GOx) and aminoferrocene (AF) were introduced into the NF system for glucose deprivation/HO generation and OH radical generation, respectively. GOx offers starvation therapy and AF (including iron) provides chemodynamic therapy/ferroptosis for combating oral cancer.

Enhancement of Lithium-Mediated Nitrogen Reduction by Modifying Center Atom of Tetraalkyl-Type Ionic Liquids.

The lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction reaction (Li-NRR) offers a viable alternative to the Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production. However, ethanol, a common proton carrier in Li-NRR, exhibits electrochemical instability, leading to oxidation at the anode or byproduct formation at the cathode. This study replaces alcoholic proton carriers with ionic liquids (ILs), specifically tetrabutylphosphonium chloride (TBPCl) and tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl), to examine how the electronegativity differences between the central atom and adjacent carbon of the cation affect catalytic performance.

Prevalence and risk factors for gallstone and renal stone formation in patients with intestinal Behçet's disease.

Background/aims: The association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gallstone and renal stone formation has been established. However, few studies have investigated this association in patients with intestinal Behçet's disease (BD). We aimed to examine the prevalence of gallstones and renal stones in patients with intestinal BD and identify potential risk factors.

Advancing Electrically Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Energy Conversion.

ConspectusPhotocatalytic energy conversion is a pivotal process for harnessing solar energy to produce chemicals and presents a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Key strategies to enhance photocatalytic efficiency include facilitating mass transport and reactant adsorption, improving light absorption, and promoting electron and hole separation to suppress electron-hole recombination. This Account delves into the potential advantages of electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks (EC-MOFs) in photocatalytic energy conversion and examines how manipulating electronic structures and controlling morphology and defects affect their unique properties, potentially impacting photocatalytic efficiency and selectivity.

Intravascular Casting Radiopaque Hydrogel Systems for Transarterial Chemo/Cascade Catalytic/Embolization Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

This paper introduces catheter-directed intravascular casting hydrogels for transarterial chemo/starvation/chemodynamic embolization (TACSCE) therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Comprising Mn ion-crosslinked hyaluronic acid-dopamine (HD) with glucose oxidase (for glucose decomposition to HO in starvation therapy), doxorubicin (for chemotherapy), and iopamidol (for X-ray imaging), these hydrogels are fabricated for transarterial embolization therapy guided by X-ray fluoroscopy. Mn (from MnO) demonstrates strong coordination with the catechol group of HD, providing hypoxia relief through O generation and cellular glutathione (GSH) consumption, compared to the OH radical generation potential of Mn.

Start-up strategy of single-stage partial nitrification-anammox process for anaerobic digestion effluent.

The objective of this study was to improve the nitrogen removal efficiency and reduce the start-up period of a single-stage partial nitritation-anammox (SPNA) system using iron particle-integrated anammox granules (IP-IAGs). Anammox granules were enriched in sequencing batch and expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors. The EGSB reactor produced larger and more uniform granules with higher specific anammox activity.