Uncertainty Evaluation for the Quantification of Urinary Amphetamine and 4-Hydroxyamphetamine Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Comparison of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement Approach and the Monte Carlo Method with R.

Estimating the measurement uncertainty (MU) is becoming increasingly mandatory in analytical toxicology. This study evaluates the uncertainty in the quantitative determination of urinary amphetamine (AP) and 4-hydroxyamphetamine (4HA) using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method based on the dilute-and-shoot approach. Urine sample dilution, preparation of calibrators, calibration curve, and method repeatability were identified as the sources of uncertainty.

Urinary tract infection after radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy on the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer: a population-based study.

Background: We aimed to assess the trends in urinary tract infections (UTIs) and prognosis of patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy (RP) and radiation therapy (RT) as definitive treatment options.

Methods: The data of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2007 and 2016 were collected from the National Health Insurance Service database. The incidence of UTIs was evaluated in patients treated with RT, open/laparoscopic RP, and robot-assisted RP.

Effects of light-, self-, and tack-curing on degree of conversion and physical strength of dual-cure resin cements.

Purpose: To evaluate the polymerization degree of conversion (DC) and physical strength of dual-cure cements with tack-curing, and compare them to those with light-curing and self-curing resins.

Methods: Four dual-cure resin cements were evaluated by DC and diametral tensile strength (DTS) tests with three different polymerization methods: Light-cure (photo-polymerization 40 seconds, self-curing 30 minutes); Self-cure (self-curing 30 minutes); and Tack-cure (photo-polymerization 3 seconds, self-curing 30 minutes). Polymerization degree of conversion was determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and calculated based on the ratio changes of aliphatic-to-aromatic C=C IR absorption peaks before and after polymerized.