Causal relationship between resting-state networks and depression: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: Cerebral resting-state networks were suggested to be strongly associated with depressive disorders. However, the causal relationship between cerebral networks and depressive disorders remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of resting-state networks on depressive disorders using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) design.

A preliminary composite of blood-based biomarkers to distinguish major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder in adolescents and adults.

Background: Since diagnosis of mood disorder heavily depends on signs and symptoms, emerging researches have been studying biomarkers with the attempt to improve diagnostic accuracy, but none of the findings have been broadly accepted. The purpose of the present study was to construct a preliminary diagnostic model to distinguish major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) using potential commonly tested blood biomarkers.

Methods: Information of 721 inpatients with an ICD-10 diagnosis of MDD or BD were collected from the electronic medical record system.

A study of brain glucose metabolism in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic neural psychological condition. Its pathogenesis is not yet completely understood. This current research used fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to examine the changes in brain glucose metabolism in patients with OCD during the course of treatment, and analyzed its relationship with clinical efficacy.

The effect of SSRIs on Semen quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used for a variety of diseases, and their impact on semen quality is unclear. We performed a systematic search in PubMed and Embase, and after a strict screening, we included 4 studies with a total of 222 male participants. In result, SSRIs reduced normal sperm morphology (95% CI [-16.

Intervention methods for improving reduced heart rate variability in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Several studies have demonstrated that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) commonly show reductions in heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Thus, interventions for the improvement of low HRV may be advantageous in treating MDD. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the improvement effects of current clinical treatments on low HRV in patients with MDD.

Correlations Between Working Memory Impairment and Neurometabolites of the Prefrontal Cortex in Drug-Naive Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of working memory (WM) impairment in drug-naive obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by using neuropsychological tests and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS).

Patients And Methods: A total of 55 patients with drug-naive OCD and 55 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for this study. The working memory (WM) was evaluated using the digit span test (DST), visual space memory test (VSMT), and the 2-back task and stroop color word test (SCWT).

Distinct behavioral traits and associated brain regions in mouse models for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disease with heterogeneous behavioral phenotypes, including repetitive behaviors, anxiety, and impairments in cognitive functions. The brain regions related to the behavioral heterogeneity, however, are unknown.

Methods: We systematically examined the behavioral phenotypes of three OCD mouse models induced by pharmacological reagents [RU24969, 8-hydroxy-DPAT hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT), and 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine hydrochloride-99% (MCPP)], and compared the activated brain regions in each model, respectively.

The characteristic of cognitive impairments in patients with bipolar II depression and its association with N-acetyl aspartate of the prefrontal white matter.

Background: Cognitive deficit is acknowledged as a core feature of clinical manifestations of bipolar disorder (BD). However, the underlying mechanism of cognitive impairment in bipolar II depression has remained uncertain. We aim to determine the association of cognitive impairments with biochemical metabolism using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) and a battery of neuropsychological testing.

Dysregulated plasma levels of miRNA-132 and miRNA-134 in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe, chronic, disabling neuropsychiatric disorder, the pathophysiology of which has yet to be fully understood. In this study, we aimed to detect the levels of miRNA-132 and miRNA-134 in the plasma of patients with OCD and to analyze the factors influencing OCD.

Methods: The levels of miRNA-132 and miRNA-134 in peripheral blood of 30 patients with OCD and 32 normal controls were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Neurocognitive dysfunction and regional cerebral blood flow in medically naïve patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Previous research characterizes obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) as a complex neurobehavioral disorder that may have multiple etiologies ( den Braber et al., 2008 ). This study analyzed neurocognitive function and change in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) to characterize OCD.

Pharmacotherapy response and regional cerebral blood flow characteristics in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between the pharmacotherapy response and the characteristics of the pre-treatment regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Methods: Single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT) was used to determine the pre-treatment rCBF in 30 OCD patients and 30 normal controls. Based on their clinical remission response, the subjects were divided into two groups: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and SSRIs plus quetiapine.

Valproate (VPA)-associated hyperammonemic encephalopathy independent of elevated serum VPA levels: 21 cases in China from May 2000 to May 2012.

Valproate (VPA) is a medication that is widely used in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as epilepsy and bipolar disorder. Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy (VHE) is a rare central nervous system adverse effect of this medication that is characterized by impaired consciousness, which can range from drowsiness to coma; increased seizure frequency; acute cognitive symptoms; and gastrointestinal symptoms. In this manuscript, we report a single case and also review previous cases of VHE (n=20) in Chinese patients to identify risk factors for VHE.

[Change characteristics of regional cerebral blood flow and curative efficacy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder].

Objective: To explore the change characteristics of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and its correlation with curative efficacy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Methods: The images of rCBF and computed tomography (CT) were acquired from 30 OCD and 30 normal controls by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and CT. The tomographic data of rCBF were normalized, smoothed and statistically processed with the statistical parametric mapping (SPM) software with two-sample Z-test.

Serum uric acid levels and the clinical characteristics of depression.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the correlation between serum uric acid (UA) levels and the clinical characteristics of depression.

Design And Methods: The serum UA levels were measured in 124 patients with depression, 660 patients with different types of other mental disorders (OMD) and 42 healthy subjects. Clinical characteristics of depression and OMD were also investigated.