Omission of axillary surgery in cN0, postmenopausal ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer patients undergoing breast-conserving treatment.

Background: Previous clinical trials have diminished the significance of lymph node (LN) metastasis and axillary surgery in breast cancer, particularly in cN0, postmenopausal estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative patients undergoing breast-conserving treatment (BCT). We assessed the replacement of axillary surgery with preoperative imaging modalities by analyzing the proportion of high nodal burden (HNB) patients with ≥3 LN metastases in these patients.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 333 cN0, postmenopausal ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer patients who underwent BCT in two hospitals between January 2003 and December 2017.

Deep Learning-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Thoracolumbar Fracture Features on Lateral Radiographs.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning (DL) algorithm for the quantitative measurement of thoracolumbar (TL) fracture features, and to evaluate its efficacy across varying levels of clinical expertise.

Methods: Using the pretrained Mask Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks model, originally developed for vertebral body segmentation and fracture detection, we fine-tuned the model and added a new module for measuring fracture metrics-compression rate (CR), Cobb angle (CA), Gardner angle (GA), and sagittal index (SI)-from lumbar spine lateral radiographs. These metrics were derived from six-point labeling by 3 radiologists, forming the ground truth (GT).

Analysis of clinical factors and ultrasound features associated with COVID-19 vaccine-related axillary lymphadenopathy: A large group study.

Purpose: To investigate factors that distinguish COVID-19 vaccine-related axillary lymphadenopathy from malignancy or other etiologies.

Methods: From June 2021 to April 2022, 3859 consecutive female patients had breast and axillary ultrasound (US) at our institution. After exclusions, 592 patients were included in the study.

Deep Learning Analysis of Mammography for Breast Cancer Risk Prediction in Asian Women.

The purpose of this study was to develop a mammography-based deep learning (DL) model for predicting the risk of breast cancer in Asian women. This retrospective study included 287 examinations in 153 women in the cancer group and 736 examinations in 447 women in the negative group, obtained from the databases of two tertiary hospitals between November 2012 and March 2022. All examinations were labeled as either dense breast or nondense breast, and then randomly assigned to either training, validation, or test sets.

Usefulness of ultrasound elastography in reducing the number of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category 3 lesions on ultrasonography.

Purpose: To evaluate the negative predictive value (NPV) of ultrasound (US) elastography for non-palpable Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 3 lesions on ultrasonography and to determine whether US elastography is helpful in reducing the number of BI-RADS category 3 lesions on ultrasonography.

Methods: Two hundred seventy-six consecutive, non-palpable BI-RADS category 3 lesions in 256 women who underwent US elastography and US-guided core biopsy, and who had at least 12 months of follow-up data, comprised our study group. The BI-RADS final assessment category and elasticity score were prospectively and independently classified.

Endovascular treatment of iatrogenic intracranial pseudoaneurysm following stent angioplasty.

Intracranial pseudoaneurysm (IPA) is a rare disease entity associated with blunt trauma or penetration injury and less likely surgical or endovascular procedure. Decision of the therapeutic option is difficult and challenging in the treatment of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm from the middle cerebral artery (MCA) that is necessary to maintain. We report our experience of reconstructive treatment of iatrogenic IPA, which was developed after stenting and balloon angioplasty, in the left MCA with overlapping Enterprise stents.

A case of mass-forming splenic tuberculosis: MRI findings with emphasis of diffusion-weighted imaging characteristics.

Tuberculosis remains one of the most prevalent and fatal infectious diseases in spite of considerable improvements in medical science. The diagnosis and treatment of extrapulmonary tuberculosis involving the abdomen is still complicated owing to vague or non-specific clinical features. Although rare, isolated splenic involvement is one of the important manifestations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and imaging suspicion of the disease is essential.