Bone Age Determination of Epiphyseal Fusion at Knee Joint and Its Correlation with Chronological Age.

Bone age determination is a valuable method for forensic and disaster identifications of unknown human remains, as well as for medical and surgical procedural purposes. This retrospective research study aimed to determine the age based on epiphyseal fusion stages and investigate differences related to gender. X-rays of the knee were collected from medical imaging centers in hospitals in the south of Jordan and examined by two observers who determined the bone epiphyseal phase of closure for the femur, tibia, and fibula bone ends close to the knee based on a three-stage classification.

Common and Potential Emerging Foodborne Viruses: A Comprehensive Review.

Human viruses and viruses from animals can cause illnesses in humans after the consumption of contaminated food or water. Contamination may occur during preparation by infected food handlers, during food production because of unsuitably controlled working conditions, or following the consumption of animal-based foods contaminated by a zoonotic virus. This review discussed the recent information available on the general and clinical characteristics of viruses, viral foodborne outbreaks and control strategies to prevent the viral contamination of food products and water.

The Role of Communication and Commitment in COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Among University Students in Jordan: Interaction and Analysis.

Introduction: Several fields, such as public health, economy, and science, have been adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The objectives of the present study were to investigate knowledge, attitudes, communication, commitment, and behavioral practices of Jordan university students; and using structural equation modelling (SEM) to investigate the relationship among COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, communication, commitment and behavioral practices of students.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the primary data were collected from 1,095 students comprising 298 males (27.

Photobiomodulation for Tendinopathy: A Review of Preclinical Studies.

The outcomes of clinical studies utilizing Photobiomodulation on tendon disorders are not homogeneous and since its design depends on preclinical studies utilizing animal models as a prerequisite, this review investigates the literature to help extrapolate preclinical evidence-based outcomes (safety and efficacy) into clinical treatment options. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for tendinopathy, Photobiomodulation and preclinical studies with inclusion criteria were restricted to animal studies using rat's models subjected to partially injured tendons. Data extracted were methodology quality and design, light parameters, study methods, and outcomes.

The Prevalence and Impact of Coinfection and Superinfection on the Severity and Outcome of COVID-19 Infection: An Updated Literature Review.

Patients with viral illness are at higher risk of secondary infections-whether bacterial, viral, or parasitic-that usually lead to a worse prognosis. In the setting of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may be preceded by a prior microbial infection or has a concurrent or superinfection. Previous reports documented a significantly higher risk of microbial coinfection in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients.

In vitro tissue culture model validation-the influence of tissue culture components on IPL energy output.

Intense pulsed light (IPL) has been used therapeutically in a number of clinical settings and has been shown to have a photobiomodulatory effect on connective tissue cells, such as those derived from skin and tendon. In vitro cell culture models are essential tools preclinically in investigating such treatment modalities, as they help in optimising parameters for successful treatment. However, as culture system components have been reported to absorb part of the irradiated energy, which in turn has a bearing on the amount of light reaching the cells, it is important to establish specific parameters for the particular in vitro model used.

Screening the RFX6-DNA binding domain for potential genetic variants in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The regulatory factor X6 (RFX6), a member of regulatory factor X family, is known to play a key role in the development and differentiation of pancreatic beta cells as well as insulin production and secretion. However, the potential role of RFX6 in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is still unclear.

Aim: Recent studies have indicated that RFX6 binding to DNA could be disrupted in diabetes.

Growth Factor and Intense Pulse Light in Flexor Tendon Repair: A Biomechanical Study at Strength and Gap Resistance.

Background: Flexor tendon injuries are extremely common and they are usually the result of incised traumatic glass or knife injury. The process of tendon healing is a complicated and exceptionally-regimented mechanism that is originated and monitored by a vast number of diverse molecules. One of the most pivotal groups of mediators that are crucial to the healing process are growth factors (GF).

Effect of light-emitting diodes, platelet-rich plasma, and their combination on the activity of sheep tenocytes.

Healthy tendons play an important role in joint movements and subjected to a group of pathologies called tendinopathy due to multiple factors. Tendons have a slowly repairing process due to the low vascularity and cellularity. Treatment options aimed at potentiating the healing response and relieving symptoms.

In vitro studies to evaluate the effect of varying culture conditions and IPL fluencies on tenocyte activities.

Tendons are dense, fibrous connective tissues which carry out the essential physiological role of transmitting mechanical forces from skeletal muscle to bone. From a clinical perspective, tendinopathy is very common, both within the sporting arena and amongst the sedentary population. Studies have shown that light therapy may stimulate tendon healing, and more recently, intense pulsed light (IPL) has attracted attention as a potential treatment modality for tendinopathy; however, its mechanism of action and effect on the tendon cells (tenocytes) is poorly understood.