Lignin-enabled ultra-stretchable eutectic gels for multifunctional sensors.

Eutectic gels as important conductive polymers have promising practical applications in wearable electronic devices. However, the development of the ultra-stretchable and self-adhesive eutectic gel for multifunctional flexible sensors remains a challenge. Here, a lignin-enabled ultra-stretchable eutectic gel (LEG) integrating with excellent self-adhesion and high conductivity is prepared through polymerizable deep eutectic solvents (PDES) treated lignin followed by in-situ polymerization.

Sustainable, temperature-tolerant, dual network conductive pressure sensitive adhesive from cellulose and rosin for wearable sensing.

Conductive pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) used for wearable and smart electronic sensors have attracted a significant amount of attention recently. However, achieving multifunctional conductive PSA with the feature of temperature tolerance and sustainability via a convenient and environment-friendly approach still remains challenge. Herein, a novel cellulose-rosin based poly(esterimide) (PEI) was first prepared by esterification and imidization.

Effects of acute stress on biological motion perception.

Biological motion perception is an essential part of the cognitive process. Stress can affect the cognitive process. The present study explored the intrinsic ERP features of the effects of acute psychological stress on biological motion perception.

Fabrication of liquid-free ionic conductive elastomer (ICE) from cellulose-rosin derived poly(esterimide) towards temperature-tolerant and solvent-resistant UV shadowless adhesive and sensor.

Recently, the utilization of the cellulose to fabricate the multifunctional materials with aim to replace the petroleum-based product, is receiving significant attentions. However, the development of cellulose-based multifunctional materials with high mechanical strength and temperature resistance is still a challenge. Herein, the intrinsic feature and property of cellulose and rosin were creatively employed to fabricate a novel cellulose-rosin based poly(esterimide) (PEI) by esterification reaction and imidization reaction, and the obtained cellulose-rosin derived PEI exhibits superior thermal stability.

Fabrication of fully bio-based malleable thermoset derived from cellulose, furfural and plant oil for advanced capacitive sensor.

Fabrication of sustainable bio-based malleable thermosets (BMTs) with excellent mechanical properties and reprocessing ability for applications in electronic devices has attracted more and more attention but remains significant challenges. Herein, the BMTs with excellent mechanical robustness and reprocessing ability were fabricated via integrating with radical polymerization and Schiff-base chemistry, and employed as the flexible substrate to prepare the capacitive sensor. To prepare the BMTs, an elastic bio-copolymer derived from plant oil and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was first synthesized, and then used to fabricate the dynamic crosslinked BMTs through Schiff-base chemistry with the amino-modified cellulose and polyether amine.

Recyclable and mechanically tough nanocellulose reinforced natural rubber composite conductive elastomers for flexible multifunctional sensor.

The development of flexible wearable multifunctional electronics has gained great attention in the field of human motion monitoring. However, developing mechanically tough, highly stretchable, and recyclable composite conductive materials for application in multifunctional sensors remained great challenges. In this work, a mechanically tough, highly stretchable, and recyclable composite conductive elastomer with the dynamic physical-chemical dual-crosslinking network was fabricated by the combination of multiple hydrogen bonds and dynamic ester bonds.

3D printed mechanical robust cellulose derived liquid-free ionic conductive elastomer for multifunctional electronic devices.

Ionic gel-based wearable electronic devices with robust sensing performance have gained extensive attention. However, the development of mechanical robustness, high conductivity, and customizable bio-based ionic gel for multifunctional wearable sensors still is a challenge. Herein, we first report the preparation of 3D printed cellulose derived ionic conductive elastomers (ICEs) with high mechanical toughness, high conductivity, and excellent environment stability through one-step photo-polymerization of polymerizable deep eutectic solvents.

Self-strengthening and conductive cellulose composite hydrogel for high sensitivity strain sensor and flexible triboelectric nanogenerator.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as promising energy harvesting devices have gained increasing attention. However, the fabrication of TENG simultaneously meets the requirements of green start feedstock, flexible, stretchable, and environmentally friendly remains challenging. Herein, the hydroxyethyl cellulose macromonomer (HECM) simultaneously bearing acrylate and hydroxyl groups was first synthesized and used as a crosslinker to prepare the chemically and physically dual-crosslinked cellulose composite hydrogel for an electrode material of stretchable TENG.

Effect of Acute Psychological Stress on Speed Perception: An Event-Related Potential Study.

The present study tested the intrinsic ERP features of the effects of acute psychological stress on speed perception. A mental arithmetic task was used to induce acute psychological stress, and the light spot task was used to evaluate speed perception. Compared with judgments in the constant speed and uniform acceleration motion, judgments in the uniform deceleration motion were made more quickly and with higher accuracy; attention control was higher and peaked later; and there was longer N2 peak latency, larger N2 peak amplitude, and lower mean amplitude of the late negative slow wave (SW).

Biomimetic ultra-strong, ultra-tough, degradable cellulose-based composites for multi-stimuli responsive shape memory.

Fabrication of ultra-strong, ultra-tough, sustainable, and degradable bio-based composites is urgently needed but remains challenging. Here, a biomimetic sustainable, degradable, and multi-stimuli responsive cellulose/PCL/FeO composite with ultra-strong mechanical strength and ultra-high toughness was developed. To prepare the proposed composites, the soft poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) side chain was grafted onto the rigid cellulose backbone, then the cellulose graft copolymer (EC-g-PCL) reacted with rigid hexamethylenediamine modified FeO nanoparticle (FeO-NH) to construct the crosslinking network using MDI-50 as a crosslinker.

A skin-inspired biomimetic strategy to fabricate cellulose enhanced antibacterial hydrogels as strain sensors.

With the development of wearable devices, the fabrication of strong, tough, antibacterial, and conductive hydrogels for sensor applications is necessary but remains challenging. Here, a skin-inspired biomimetic strategy integrated with in-situ reduction has been proposed. The self-assembly of cellulose to generate a cellulose skeleton was essential to realize the biomimetic structural design.

Synthesis of pH-Sensitive and Self-Fluorescent Polymeric Micelles Derived From Rosin and Vegetable Oils ATRP.

Preparation and application of sustainable polymers derived from renewable resources are of great significance. The aim of this study is to synthesize a kind of sustainable polymeric micelles from rosin and vegetable oils atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and to investigate the doxorubicin delivery properties of these micelles. Dehydroabietic acid-based poly lauryl methacrylate (DA-PLMA) with narrow PDI of 1.

Ultra-strong hydroxypropyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel by combination of triple-network and mechanical training.

To develop the hydrogels with high mechanical strength and excellent conductivity is always a challenging topic. In this study, the ultra-strong hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels were prepared by combination of the triple-network and mechanical training. The proposed composite hydrogels were achieved by physically crosslinking HPC with PVA to form the first crosslinking network, in which the HPC fibers could decrease the crosslinking density of PVA matrix and generate a lot of water-rich porous area.

Effect of Acute Psychological Stress on Motion-in-Depth Perception: An Event-Related Potential Study.

The present study explored the intrinsic event-related potential (ERP) features of the effects of acute psychological stress on the processing of motion-in-depth perception using a dual-task paradigm. After a mental arithmetic task was used to induce acute psychological stress, a collision task was used to evaluate motion-in-depth perception. The error value and average amplitude of late slow waves (SW) were significantly larger for the earlier colliding spheres' than for the later colliding spheres.

Ethyl cellulose based self-healing adhesives synthesized via RAFT and aromatic schiff-base chemistry.

In this work, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and Schiff base chemistry was combined to fabricate self-healing adhesives. An esterification reaction was first performed to prepare ethyl cellulose based macroinitiators. Then, a "grafting from" RAFT of vanillin methacrylate and lauryl methacrylate was used to obtain graft copolymers.

Wood-Derived Functional Polymeric Materials.

In recent years, tremendous efforts have been dedicated to developing wood-derived functional polymeric materials due to their distinctive properties, including environmental friendliness, renewability, and biodegradability. Thus, the uniqueness of the main components in wood (cellulose and lignin) has attracted enormous interest for both fundamental research and practical applications. Herein, the emerging field of wood-derived functional polymeric materials fabricated by means of macromolecular engineering is reviewed, covering the basic structures and properties of the main components, the design principle to utilize these main components, and the resulting wood-derived functional polymeric materials in terms of elastomers, hydrogels, aerogels, and nanoparticles.

Integration of metal-free ATRP and Diels-Alder reaction toward sustainable and recyclable cellulose-based thermoset elastomers.

Well-defined sustainable and recyclable thermoset elastomers derived from cellulose, fatty acid and furfural were successfully prepared via photoinduced metal-free ATRP and Diels-Alder (DA) reaction. Firstly, metal free ATRP was applied to prepare a range of thermoplastic cellulose graft copolymers with furfural groups. Then, a modified epoxidized soybean oil bearing 6-maleimidohexanoic group (ESOM) as a crosslinker was employed to perform DA reaction with furfural groups in these cellulose graft copolymers, by which the copolymer formed the dynamic crosslinked network and achieved the thermoset elastomers.

Unexpected role of amphiphilic lignosulfonate to improve the storage stability of urea formaldehyde resin and its application as adhesives.

As the second-largest natural polymer, the utilization of lignin for practical applications has attracted increasing attention. In this study, lignosulfonate was employed to enhance the storage stability of urea formaldehyde (UF) resins. Cryo-scanning electron microscopy was firstly used to observe the influence of lignosulfonate addition on the colloidal morphology of UF resin.

Two-Step 3 D-Printing Approach toward Sustainable, Repairable, Fluorescent Shape-Memory Thermosets Derived from Cellulose and Rosin.

Invited for this month's cover is the group of Jifu Wang at Biomass-derived Photopolymer Materials, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF. The image shows the application of cellulose and rosin to fabricate a class of renewable, repairable, fluorescent, and shape-memory thermosets by a two-step 3 D-printing approach. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.

Combination of acid treatment and dual network fabrication to stretchable cellulose based hydrogels with tunable properties.

Cellulose based hydrogels with a relatively high stretchability were fabricated in the NaOH/urea system via sequential chemical crosslinking and dual network fabrication. The first step involved crosslinking of cellulose using epichlorohydrin as a crosslinker. Cryo-electron microscopy analysis revealed the utilization of diluted acid to treat hydrogels significantly affected the morphology of the first network and improved the mechanical properties.

Two-Step 3 D-Printing Approach toward Sustainable, Repairable, Fluorescent Shape-Memory Thermosets Derived from Cellulose and Rosin.

Efficiently converting biomass into multifunctional polymerized materials is a challenge to effect high-valued utilization of biomass resources. A two-step 3 D-printing approach has been developed to fabricate a class of robust, fluorescent shape-memory thermosets from cellulose and rosin-based photosensitive 3 D-printing resin solution. The stereolithography 3 D printing was first performed to form the first crosslinked network by UV-induced chain-growth polymerization, which fixed the shape of thermoset.

Sustainable elastomers derived from cellulose, rosin and fatty acid by a combination of "graft from" RAFT and isocyanate chemistry.

Utilization of natural sustainable feedstock to fabricate polymers has attracted remarkable attention. In this work, we reported a strategy to prepare a series of grafted copolymers from rosin, fatty acids and ethyl cellulose. The process involved the preparation of EC-based macro-RAFT agent through a simple esterification reaction, followed by a "grafting from" reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) of DAGMA (derived from rosin) and LMA (derived from fatty acid) to achieve a class of EC-g-P(DAGMA-co-LMA) graft copolymers with a tunable T tuned by the DAGMA/LMA molar ratio.

miR-143-3p regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting IGF1R and IGFBP5 and regulating the Ras/p38 MAPK signaling pathway in rheumatoid arthritis.

It has been demonstrated that the deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) affects the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The primary objective of the current study was to determine the role of miR-143-3p in the progression of RA. The expression of miR-143-3p in synovium taken from patients with RA was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Fabrication of UV-absorbent cellulose-rosin based thermoplastic elastomer via "graft from" ATRP.

Cellulose-rosin based thermoplastic elastomers with UV absorption properties were fabricated by a combination of rosin, poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) and ethyl cellulose (EC) via "graft from" ATRP with the aid of EC-rosin macroinitiator (EC-g-(DA)-Br) prepared by a simple esterification reaction between EC, dehydroabietic acid (DA, one of rosin's resin acids) and 2-bromoisobutylryl bromide. The introduction of rosin affords these elastomers with UV absorption property. And the glass transition temperature of these EC-rosin grafted copolymers could be tuned by changing the content of PBA.

Sustainable thermoplastic elastomers derived from cellulose, fatty acid and furfural via ATRP and click chemistry.

Cellulose-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) have attracted considerable attention because of their rigid backbone, good mechanical properties, renewable nature and abundance. In the present study, sustainable TPEs based on ethyl cellulose (EC), fatty acid and furfural were generated by the combination of ATRP and "click chemistry". To fabricate sustainable TPEs with higher toughness, a range of polymers, including mono random-copolymer poly(tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate-co-lauryl methacrylate) (P(THFMA-co-LMA), dual polymer side chains PTHFMA and PLMA, and mono-block copolymer PTHFMA-b-PLMA, were designed as side chains to fabricate EC brush copolymers with random, dual or block side chain architectures using the "grafting from" and "grafting onto" methods.