Contemporary comparative surgical outcomes of type A aortic dissection in US and China: an analysis of the national inpatient sample database and a Chinese multi-institutional registry.

Background: To investigate the contemporary comparative inpatient prognosis among US and Chinese patients with type A aortic dissection (TAAD).

Methods: Data from Chinese multi-institutional TAAD registry and the US National Inpatient Sample databases were analyzed. We used multivariable logistic regression models to compare in-hospital mortality and perioperative complication rates between the US and China.

Association Between Glycemic Variability and Persistent Acute Kidney Injury After Noncardiac Major Surgery: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: While the relationship between glycemic variability (GV) and acute kidney injury (AKI) has been a subject of interest, the specific association of GV with persistent AKI beyond 48 hours postoperative after noncardiac surgery is not well-established.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the patterns of different GV metrics in the immediate 48 hours after noncardiac surgery, evaluate the association between GV indices and persistent AKI within the 7-day postoperative window, and compare the risk identification capabilities of various GV for persistent AKI. A total of 10,937 patients who underwent major noncardiac surgery across 3 medical centers in eastern China between January 2015 and September 2023 were enrolled.

Clinical outcomes, management, healthcare resource utilization, and cost according to the CHADS-VASc scores in Asian patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

Background: The prognosis among non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients with different CHADS-VASc scores in the contemporary Asian population remains unclear. Additionally, there is a lack of research examining the disparities in management patterns, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), and cost among these patients.

Methods And Results: This retrospective cohort study assessed patients diagnosed with NVAF between January 2018 and July 2022.

A systematic review of the drug-drug interaction between Statins and Quinolones.

Background: Statins are widely used in cardiovascular disease (CVD) as a common lipid-lowering drug, while quinolones are widely used for the treatment of infectious diseases. It is common to see CVD in combination with infectious diseases, therefore it is often the case that statins and quinolones are used in combination. Data suggest combinations of statin and quinolone may be associated with potentially life-threatening myopathy, rhabdomyolysis and acute hepatitis.

Repeated vaccination does not appear to significantly weaken the protective effect of influenza vaccine in the elderly: A test-negative case-control study in China.

Background: The impact of repeated influenza vaccination on vaccine effectiveness has been a topic of debate. Conducting more multinational, multicenter studies in different influenza seasons is crucial for a better understanding of this issue. There is a lack of comprehensive related research reports in China.

Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza among Chinese elderly: a test-negative design.

Background: Evidence on the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in the elderly is limited, and results are controversial. There are also few reports from China.

Methods: We conducted a test-negative case-control study design to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated visits among elderly (aged ≥ 60 years) across four influenza seasons in Ningbo, China, from 2018 to 19 to 2021-22.

Searching for Two-Neutrino and Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of ^{134}Xe with the PandaX-4T Experiment.

^{134}Xe is a candidate isotope for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) search. In addition, the two-neutrino case (2νββ) allowed by the standard model of particle physics has not yet been observed. With the 656-kg natural xenon in the fiducial volume of the PandaX-4T detector, which contains 10.

Interpretable machine learning in predicting drug-induced liver injury among tuberculosis patients: model development and validation study.

Background: The objective of this research was to create and validate an interpretable prediction model for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) during tuberculosis (TB) treatment.

Methods: A dataset of TB patients from Ningbo City was used to develop models employing the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic algorithms. The model's performance was evaluated through various metrics, including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and the area under the precision recall curve (AUPR) alongside the decision curve.

Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of chylothorax after cardiac procedure in the United States.

Background: To examine the epidemiology and risk factors of chylothorax after cardiac procedure in the United States using a contemporary nationally representative database.

Methods: We identified postoperative chylothorax events through National Inpatient Sample database (2016-2019) and compared baseline demographics, comorbidities, and in-hospital outcomes between hospitalizations with and without postoperative chylothorax. The Cochrane-Armitage test was used to analyze trends in incidence rates.

Impacts of national volume-based drug procurement policy on the utilization and costs of antihypertensive drugs in a Chinese medicine hospital: an interrupted time series analysis of 5138 patients.

The study aimed to estimate the effects of National Volume-based Drug Procurement (NVBP) policy on drug utilization and medical expenditures of hypertension patients in public medical institutions in mainland China. This study used patient-level data based on electronic health records retrieved from the hospital information system of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine. Data on patients with hypertension who received care at this institution between 2016 and 2021 was used for analysis.

Association between hospital racial composition and aortic valve replacement outcomes: A national inpatients sample database analysis.

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities exist in the outcomes following surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, it is unclear whether hospital racial composition contributes to these racial disparities.

Methods: We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2015 to 2019 to identify patients with aortic stenosis (AS) who received SAVR and TAVI.

Elevated respiratory complications following robotic-assisted lobectomy: A national cohort analysis of 26,140 cases.

Background: Robotic-assisted lobectomy (RL) is increasingly used nationally, but little comparative data exist on its safety compared with open lobectomy (OL) or video-assisted lobectomy (VL). This study aimed to estimate the risk of perioperative complications for RL, VL, or OL.

Methods: Admissions were identified from the hospital administrative data collected between 2015 and 2019.

Search for Light Dark Matter from the Atmosphere in PandaX-4T.

We report a search for light dark matter produced through the cascading decay of η mesons, which are created as a result of inelastic collisions between cosmic rays and Earth's atmosphere. We introduce a new and general framework, publicly accessible, designed to address boosted dark matter specifically, with which a full and dedicated simulation including both elastic and quasielastic processes of Earth attenuation effect on the dark matter particles arriving at the detector is performed. In the PandaX-4T commissioning data of 0.

Development and validation of a patient satisfaction survey for pharmaceutical service at primary care settings.

Patient satisfaction is a key quality indicator of pharmacy service. However, there are few studies that develop and validate patient satisfaction surveys applied to pharmaceutical services in primary care settings. It is imperative to establish a well-validated multidimensional instrument for evaluating the viability and sustainability of pharmacy service across geographically diverse regions in low- and middle-income countries.

Trends in Disparities and Transitions of Treatment in Patients With Early Breast Cancer in China and the US, 2011 to 2021.

Importance: Breast cancer treatment has profoundly improved in China recently. However, trends in disparities and transitions of treatment in early-stage cancer between China and the US are not well known.

Objective: To identify changes for patients with early breast cancer by using large databases from China and the US.

Search for Solar ^{8}B Neutrinos in the PandaX-4T Experiment Using Neutrino-Nucleus Coherent Scattering.

A search for interactions from solar ^{8}B neutrinos elastically scattering off xenon nuclei using PandaX-4T commissioning data is reported. The energy threshold of this search is further lowered compared with the previous search for dark matter, with various techniques utilized to suppress the background that emerges from data with the lowered threshold. A blind analysis is performed on the data with an effective exposure of 0.

Use of Unannounced Standardized Patient to Assess Quality of Care in Community Pharmacies / Medicine Shops: A Pilot, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Community pharmacies are the most accessible healthcare providers l which plays a key role in primary healthcare services managing minor ailment and ensure the quality use of drugs. Our study aimed to assess the quality care from community pharmacies using unannounced standardized patient.

Methods: All community pharmacies from three municipalities of Kavrepalanchowk district were visited by unannounced standardized patients presenting with acute dysentery, seasonal influenza, acute gastritis, acute diarrhea and pulmonary tuberculosis.

First result from the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics experiment JUNA: precise measurement of the 92 keV Mg(p, γ)Al resonance.

The Mg(p, γ)Al reaction plays an important role in the study of cosmic 1.809 MeV γ-ray as a signature of ongoing nucleosynthesis in the Galaxy. At astrophysical temperature around 0.