The Complex Epidermal and Dermal Milieu of M2 Macrophages/IL-31/IL-31RA Network May Play a Role in Keloid Associated Pruritus.

Background: The exact pathogenesis of keloid (KD) associated pruritus is still unknown and responds poorly to current antipruritic therapies. Pruritogenic role of interleukin-31 (IL-31) has been studied extensively and was proven in a variety of pruritus associated diseases, while its role in KD is still rather vague.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of KD-associated pruritus by detecting the correlation between the severity of pruritus and the expression of pruritogenic cytokines IL -31 and its receptor complex components, IL-31 receptor α (IL-31RA) and Onstostatin M receptor β (OSMRβ), and the number of their source cells.

Reconstructed Mid-Face Lifting After Tissue Expansion by Suspending the Expander Capsule.

Background: An obvious saggy tendency was observed in the expanded flaps from mid-facial reconstruction and resulted in an unsatisfactory postoperative cosmetic outcome. At the time of this writing, the authors introduced a novel technique of mid-face lifting to correct the phenomenon by suspending the expander capsule.

Methods: From September 2018 to August 2023, 11 patients who had undergone our mid-face lifting technique were enrolled in our study.

Temporal-fasciae-complex sheet suspension for correction of severe recurrent blepharoptosis.

Background: Multiple surgical methods were performed to correct the blepharoptosis. However, the recurrence of blepharoptosis is not uncommon in clinical practice. The Temporal-Fasciae-Complex Sheet (TFC sheet) was an ideal autologous material in correcting the severe blepharoptosis.

PTB Regulates the Metabolic Pathways and Cell Function of Keloid Fibroblasts through Alternative Splicing of PKM.

Keloids, benign fibroproliferative cutaneous lesions, are characterized by abnormal growth and reprogramming of the metabolism of keloid fibroblasts (KFb). However, the underlying mechanisms of this kind of metabolic abnormality have not been identified. Our study aimed to investigate the molecules involved in aerobic glycolysis and its exact regulatory mechanisms in KFb.

A New Technique for Chondrolaryngoplasty in Patients Assigned Female at Birth.

Background: Chondrolaryngoplasty is a classical facial feminization surgery for transgender women. In recent years, however, an increasing number of patients assigned female at birth are seeking chondrolaryngoplasty for esthetic purposes. Traditional chondrolaryngoplasty can no longer cope with problems of the growing group whose leading cause of laryngeal prominence differs from the transgender population.

Medial gastrocnemius resection for calf reduction by using a popliteal mini-incisional approach in Asians.

Background: To create a new approach of resecting medial gastrocnemius for calf reduction and to meet the increasing requirement of the beauty standard of calf sliming in Asian.

Methods: Twenty patients with 39 calves underwent gastrocnemius resection for calf reduction. Under general anesthesia, a 5 cm incision, along the popliteal crease, was made down to the sub-popliteal deep fascia on a prone position.

Tear Trough Ligament Release and Autologous Fat Injection as a New Method for Tear Trough Deformity Correction.

Background: Even though the tear trough (TT) deformity is only 2 cm in length, it can give a worn, even haggard appearance on the face. The authors developed a novel approach and presented findings from the clinical effect.

Methods: Between February 2018 and January 2021, the medical records of patients treated with autologous fat injection for TT deformity were researched.

Overexpression of Toll-like receptor 4 enhances LPS-induced inflammatory response and inhibits Salmonella Typhimurium growth in ovine macrophages.

The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a crucial role in innate inflammatory responses, as it recognizes gram-negative bacteria (or their products) and contributes greatly to host defense against invading pathogens. Though TLR4 overexpressing transgenic sheep, resistant to certain diseases related with gram-negative bacteria, had been bred in our previous research, the effects of overexpression of TLR4 on innate immune response remained unclear. In this study, TLR4 overexpressing ovine macrophages were obtained from peripheral blood, and it was found that the overexpression of TLR4 initially promoted the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 by activating TLR4-mediated IRAK4-dependent NF-κB and MAPK (JNK and ERK1/2) signaling following LPS stimulation.

Intravenous Injections of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Modulated the Redox State in a Rat Model of Radiation Myelopathy.

The main aim of the present study was to assess the antioxidative effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) in a rat model of radiation myelopathy. UC-MSCs were isolated from Wharton's jelly (WJ) of umbilical cords. An irradiated cervical spinal cord rat model (C2-T2 segment) was generated using a (60)Co irradiator to deliver 30 Gy of radiation.