The mediating effect of family resilience between coping styles and caregiver burden in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Primary caregivers of hemodialysis patients suffer from varying degrees of stress from their patients. Caring for hemodialysis patients can expose caregivers to many problems, leading to an increased burden of care and even impacting the quality of care. The purpose of our study was to examine whether family resilience could be a mediating variable moderating the relationship between patient coping styles and caregiver burden.

The Causal Role of Magnesium Deficiency in the Neuroinflammation, Pain Hypersensitivity and Memory/Emotional Deficits in Ovariectomized and Aged Female Mice.

Purpose: Postmenopausal women often suffer from chronic pain, memory decline and mood depression. The mechanisms underlying the neuronal disorders are not fully understood, and effective treatment is still lacking.

Methods: Oral administration of magnesium-L-threonate was tested to treat the neuronal disorders in ovariectomized and aged female mice.

Chronic Oral Administration of Magnesium-L-Threonate Prevents Oxaliplatin-Induced Memory and Emotional Deficits by Normalization of TNF-α/NF-κB Signaling in Rats.

Antineoplastic drugs such as oxaliplatin (OXA) often induce memory and emotional deficits. At present, the mechanisms underlying these side-effects are not fully understood, and no effective treatment is available. Here, we show that the short-term memory deficits and anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors induced by intraperitoneal injections of OXA (4 mg/kg per day for 5 consecutive days) were accompanied by synaptic dysfunction and downregulation of the NR2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the hippocampus, which is critically involved in memory and emotion.

Oral application of bulleyaconitine A attenuates morphine tolerance in neuropathic rats by inhibiting long-term potentiation at C-fiber synapses and protein kinase C gamma in spinal dorsal horn.

Morphine is frequently used for the treatment of chronic pain, while long-term use of the drug leads to analgesic tolerance. At present, the prevention of the side effect remains a big challenge. Bulleyaconitine A, a diterpenoid alkaloid from plants, has been used to treat chronic pain in China for more than 30 years.

Bulleyaconitine A Inhibits Itch and Itch Sensitization Induced by Histamine and Chloroquine.

Itch (pruritus), specifically chronic itch associated with disease conditions, significantly impairs the patient's quality of life. At present, the mechanisms underlying this aversive experience are still unclear, and the effective treatment of itch is largely unmet. Here, we report that intragastrical administration of bulleyaconitine A (BLA), which has been used for treating chronic pain for 30 years in China, inhibited itch-like behaviors induced by intradermal injection of histamine and chloroquine in mice and rats, dose-dependently.

Upregulation of N-type calcium channels in the soma of uninjured dorsal root ganglion neurons contributes to neuropathic pain by increasing neuronal excitability following peripheral nerve injury.

N-type voltage-gated calcium (Cav2.2) channels are expressed in the central terminals of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and are critical for neurotransmitter release. Cav2.