Apple Polyphenol Extracts Attenuated Depressive-Like Behaviors of High-Sucrose Diet Feeding Mice by Farnesoid X Receptor-Mediated Modulation of Bile Acid Circulation within the Liver-Gut-Brain Axis.

Although the association between high-sugar diets and depression has been verified, few studies have explored the antidepressant mechanisms of apple polyphenol extracts (APE). Therefore, fifty-four C57BL/6 male mice aged 5 weeks were randomly assigned into five groups: the control group with the standard diet (CON), the constant high-sucrose diet group (HSD), the "2 + 5" alternate diet group (A-HSD), and the 500 mg/(kg·bw) APE treatment for the HSD group (APE) and the A-HSD group (A-APE), respectively. The data of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and behavioral experiments confirmed the success in the establishment of depression-like mouse models in both HSD and A-HSD groups, which were significantly alleviated after APE treatment.

Functional characterization of TrGSTF15, a glutathione S-transferase gene family member, on the transport and accumulation of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in Trifolium repens.

Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs) are important secondary metabolites in plants, high contents of which are an important goal for quality breeding of white clover (Trifolium repens). However, the involvement of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the transport of anthocyanins and PAs remains unexplored in white clover. This study identified 153 different TrGSTs in white clover.

Apple polyphenol extract ameliorates sugary-diet-induced depression-like behaviors in male C57BL/6 mice by inhibiting the inflammation of the gut-brain axis.

To explore whether apple polyphenol extract (APE) ameliorates sugary-diet-induced depression-like behaviors, thirty male C57BL/6 mice (3-4 weeks old) were assigned to three groups randomly to receive different treatments for 8 consecutive weeks: (1) control group (CON), (2) S-HSD group (60% high sucrose diet feeding with 0.1 mg mL sucralose solution as drinking water), and (3) S-APE group (S-HSD feeding with 500 mg per (kg bw day) APE solution gavage). The S-HSD group showed significant depression-like behaviors compared with the CON group, which was manifested by an increased number of buried marbles in the marble burying test, prolonged immobility time in both the tail suspension test and forced swimming test, and cognitive impairment based on the Morris water maze test.

The Identification and Characterization of the <i>KNOX</i> Gene Family as an Active Regulator of Leaf Development in <i>Trifolium repens</i>

Leaves are the primary and critical feed for herbivores. They directly determine the yield and quality of legume forage. <i>Trifolium repens</i> (<i>T.

Synthesis of Copper Nanoclusters and Their Application for Environmental Pollutant Probes: A Review.

Copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) as a new type of probe for environmental contaminants are gaining increasing attention because of its low cost, superior water dispersibility, wide availability and excellent optical properties. Compared with the other probes such as quantum dots and organic dyes, CuNCs show much more potential in practical application for their excellent photostability, large Stokes shift, low toxicity and other preponderance, especially in the fields of biosensing and environmental monitoring. Recently, the template-assisted synthesis of metal nanoclusters (MNCs) has been widely studied.

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Profiling Analysis of SPL Gene Family during the Inflorescence Development in .

is the most widely cultivated perennial legume forage in temperate region around the world. It has rich nutritional value and good palatability, seasonal complementarity with grasses, and can improve the feed intake and digestibility of livestock. However, flowering time and inflorescence development directly affects the quality and yield of , as well as seed production.

Unraveling Cadmium Toxicity in L. Seedling: Insight into Regulatory Mechanisms Using Comparative Transcriptomics Combined with Physiological Analyses.

() can accumulate significant amounts of heavy metal ions, and has strong adaptability to wide environmental conditions, and relatively large biomass, which is considered a potential plant for phytoremediation. However, the molecular mechanisms of involved in Cd tolerance have not yet been studied in detail. This study was conducted to examine the integrative responses of exposed to a high-level CdCl by investigating the physiological and transcriptomic analyses.

R2R3-MYB gene family: Genome-wide identification provides insight to improve the content of proanthocyanidins in Trifolium repens.

The R2R3-MYB family is one of largest transcription factor families in plants playing significant roles in regulating anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. Proanthocyanidins are one of major objectives to improve the quality of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), which have a beneficial effect on ruminant to prevent the lethal pasture bloat.

Luteimonas wenzhouensis Sp. Nov., A Chitinolytic Bacterium Isolated from a Landfill Soil.

A Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium with degradation ability of chitin, designated strain YD-1, was isolated from landfill soil sample collected in Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, China. The growth of strain YD-1 occurred optimally in the tryptone soy broth (TSB) with 1.0% NaCl at pH 7.

[Preparation and chiral recognition of heterosubstituted amylose derivatives-based chiral stationary phases].

Two novel amylose derivatives, namely amylose 2-benzoate-3-(4-methylphenylcarbamate)-6-(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) and amylose 2-benzoate-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate)-6-(4-methylphenylcarbamate), were prepared utilizing a serial regioselective process. After coated onto aminopropyl silica gel, they were utilized as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for high performance liquid chromatography. Investigations indicated that the CSPs exhibited characteristic chiral recognition and their chiral recognition abilities were much higher than those of amylose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) (ADCPC), a homosubstituted derivative.

Immune Regulation by Ubiquitin Tagging as Checkpoint Code.

The immune system is equipped with effective machinery to mobilize its activation to defend invading microorganisms, and at the same time, to refrain from attacking its own tissues to maintain immune tolerance. The balance of activation and tolerance is tightly controlled by diverse mechanisms, since breakdown of tolerance could result in disastrous consequences such as the development of autoimmune diseases. One of the mechanisms is by the means of protein ubiquitination, which involves the process of tagging a small peptide ubiquitin to protein substrates.

Sevoflurane represses the self-renewal ability by regulating miR-7a,7b/Klf4 signalling pathway in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Sevoflurane is a frequently-used clinical inhalational anaesthetic and can cause toxicity to embryos during foetal development. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of blastospheres and can be used as a useful model of early development. Here, we found that sevoflurane significantly influenced self-renewal ability of mESCs on stemness maintenance and cell proliferation.

Identification, cloning and characterization of R2R3-MYB gene family in canola (Brassica napus L.) identify a novel member modulating ROS accumulation and hypersensitive-like cell death.

The R2R3-MYB proteins comprise one of the largest families of transcription factors in plants. Although genome-wide analysis of this family has been carried out in some plant species, little is known about R2R3-MYB genes in canola (Brassica napus L.).

miR-548d-3p/TP53BP2 axis regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells.

Fast growth and hardly any apoptosis are important characteristics of breast cancer, which assure the spread via invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Inhibition of fast proliferation and induction of apoptosis are critical way to cure this cancer. microRNAs (miRNAs) had been increasingly reported to be the critical regulator of tumorigenesis.

Identification and characterization of plant-specific NAC gene family in canola (Brassica napus L.) reveal novel members involved in cell death.

NAC transcription factors are plant-specific and play important roles in plant development processes, response to biotic and abiotic cues and hormone signaling. However, to date, little is known about the NAC genes in canola (or oilseed rape, Brassica napus L.).

[Characterization of human lung cancer cell line A549 transfected with human interferon-gamma gene].

Objective: To establish a human lung cancer cell line expressing human interferon-gamma.

Methods: The full-length gene of human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was introduced into the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 through retroviral vector pLXSN. The established cell line A549-IFN-gamma was tested for expression of MHC class I and class II by flow cytometer (FCM) and tested for expression of IFN-gamma by enzyme-lined immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA ).