Discovery of novel flavonoid derivatives containing benzothiazole as potential antifungal agents.

Background: Fungal diseases of plants have a serious impact on the quality and yield of crops, and some traditional pesticides can no longer cope with this problem. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new pesticides with high efficiency and low toxicity.

Results: A series of flavonoid derivatives containing benzothiazole were designed and synthesized.

The role of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in cancer initiation and progression: Mechanisms and health implications.

The increasing prevalence of cancer has been linked to various environmental factors associated with modern industrial and societal advancements. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a commonly used plasticizer, is one such environmental contaminant with potential carcinogenic effects. While epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association between DEHP exposure and cancer risk, the specific role of DEHP in cancer initiation and progression requires further clarification.

Emerging and characterization of a novel fowl adenovirus 4 strain with open reading frame 19 (ORF19) in diseased chickens from China.

The highly virulent genotype fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4), associated with severe hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (HHS) in poultry from China, is characterized by a large deletion of 1966 bp (1966-del), including losses of ORF19 and ORF27. However, how this virus originated remains unclear. In this study, a novel FAdV-4 strain, HNU-XXY-2019, from diseased chickens, which has a genome size of 45669 bp and is approximately 1966 bp longer than the known FAdV-4 genome from China, was isolated and characterized.

Network pharmacology, experimental validation and pharmacokinetics integrated strategy to reveal pharmacological mechanism of goutengsan on methamphetamine dependence.

Background: Goutengsan (GTS) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that can improve multiple nervous system diseases, such as methamphetamine (MA) dependence. However, the mechanism how GTS treats MA dependence remains unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the action mechanism of GTS on MA dependence using network pharmacology, / experimental validation, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution in the brain.

Influenza neuraminidase mutations and resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors.

Mutations in influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) can lead to viral resistance to NA inhibitors (NAIs). To update global influenza NA mutations and resistance to NAIs, we investigated epidemic information from global regions for NAIs-resistant influenza strains and analyzed their NA mutations. Drug-resistant mutations in NA, especially new mutations occurred in 2016-2024, were updated.

N-acetyltransferase 10 is implicated in the pathogenesis of cycling T cell-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory disorders in mice.

T cell expansion has a crucial function in both autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, with cycling T cells contributing to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by causing uncontrolled immune responses and tissue damage. Yet the regulatory mechanisms governing T cell expansion remain incompletely understood. Here we show that the enzyme N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) regulates T cell activation and proliferation upon antigen stimulation.

Elevated serum circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background And Purpose: The substantial role of inflammation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is gaining support from recent research. Studies indicate that circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) can activate the immune system and is associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This research was designed to quantify ccf-mtDNA levels in the serum of ALS patients.

EIF3B affects the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the TGFBI/MAPK/ERK pathway.

Introduction And Objectives: To study the effect of eukaryotic initiation factor 3B (EIF3B) on the invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its potential mechanism.

Materials And Methods: The clinical significance of EIF3B expression was studied with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interaction Analysis datasets. Immunohistochemical staining and western blotting were used to examine EIF3B expression in cell lines and tissues from HCC patients.

First-principles study of the effect of oxygen vacancy and iridium doping on formaldehyde adsorption on the LaO(001) surface.

Formaldehyde adsorption on intrinsic LaO surface, four-fold coordinated oxygen vacancy (VO), six-fold coordinated oxygen vacancy (VO), and iridium-doped LaO(001) surface was studied by the first-principles method. The results show that formaldehyde adsorption on the Ir-doped LaO(001) surface with VO is the strongest because of the directional movement of electrons caused by the interaction of the Ir-5d orbitals and internal oxygen vacancy, wherein the adsorption energy is 3.23 eV.

Dual Hole Transport Layers Heterojunction and Band Alignment Engineered Mo:BiVO Photoanodes for Efficient Water Splitting.

BiVO-based photoanode is one of the most promising photoanodes for photoelectrocatalytic water splitting. However, the serious problem of interface charge recombination limits its further development. Here, a Mo:BiVO/NiO/CPF-TCzB/NiCoBi photoanode is constructed with double hole transport layer and an energy level gradient to achieve an effective photo-generated holes extraction and accumulation at the surface electrocatalyst.

Susceptibility vessel sign in patients with subacute ischemic stroke.

Background: Limited information exists regarding susceptibility vessel sign (SVS) found beyond 24 hours after stroke onset. This study aimed to compare the presence and quantitative measurements of SVS between the large artery arteriosclerosis (LAA) subtype and the cardioembolism (CE) subtype in patients with subacute stroke.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed stroke survivors with the LAA subtype or the CE subtype who had occlusion or severe stenosis of the responsible intracranial large vessel and who had undergone susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) between day 3 and day 14 after stroke onset at Peking University First Hospital from December 2017 to January 2022.

Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Inflammation in Elderly Patients Following Major Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Dexmedetomidine (Dex) may have anti-inflammatory properties and potentially reduce the incidence of postoperative organ injury.

Objective: To investigate whether Dex protects pulmonary and renal function via its anti-inflammatory effects in elderly patients undergoing prolonged major hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery.

Design And Setting: Between October 2019 and December 2020, this randomized controlled trial was carried out at a tertiary hospital in Chongqing, China.

Exosomal transfer of HCC-derived miR-17-5p downregulates NK cell function by targeting RUNX1-NKG2D axis.

Objective: Natural killer (NK) cells are an integral part of the staunch defense line against malignant tumors within the tumor microenvironment. Existing research indicates that miRNAs can influence the development of NK cells by negatively modulating gene expression. In this study, we aim to explore how the miR-17-5p in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) exosomes regulates the killing function of NK cells towards HCC cells through the transcription factor RNX1.

Ammonium sulfate denatures transport medium less dependent on guanidinium isothiocyanate and enables SARS-CoV-2 RNA and antigen detection compatibility.

Introduction: Rapid identification of infected individuals through viral RNA or antigen detection followed by effective personal isolation is usually the most effective way to prevent the spread of a newly emerging virus. Large-scale detection involves mass specimen collection and transportation. For biosafety reasons, denaturing viral transport medium has been extensively used during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

IL-12 improves the anti-HCC efficacy of dendritic cells loaded with exosomes from overexpressing Rab27a tumor cells.

Determining the appropriate source of antigens for optimal antigen presentation to T cells is a major challenge in designing dendritic cell (DC) -based therapeutic strategies against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tumor-derived exosomes (Tex) express a wide range of tumor antigens, making them a promising source of antigens for DC vaccines. As reported, the exosomes secreted by tumor cells can inhibit the antitumor function of immune cells.

Geographic differences in pharmacotherapy patterns and outcomes of acute ischemic stroke in China.

Background: Vast economic and healthcare status discrepancies exist among regions in China, contributing to different treatment patterns. This study was aimed to investigate the current status of pharmacotherapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and outcomes in China and explore the geographic variation in stroke care.

Methods: This study was a multicenter prospective registry study, which collected the data of patients with AIS from 80 hospitals in 46 cities in 2015-2017 across China.

A real-world study of the effectiveness and safety of apatinib-based regimens in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

Purpose: This investigation sought to examine the efficacy and safety of low-dose apatinib used alongside chemotherapy in the clinical management of patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) within a real-world setting, whilst comparing the outcomes with those treated solely with chemotherapy.

Methods: This case series study analyzed clinical data and treatment outcomes of 163 patients with metastatic TNBC who underwent rescue treatment at the Medical Oncology Department of Clinical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, School of Fujian Medical University, China, between October 2011 and January 2023. All the patients underwent rescue treatment with either chemotherapy alone or apatinib (250 mg/day) combined with chemotherapy.

Study on performance of a relay-assisted UWOC system based on adaptive optics.

To improve the performance of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems, we propose a relay-assisted UWOC system model based on adaptive optics (AO). The closed expressions of the scintillation index, composite channel probability density function, and outage probability of the Gaussian beam before and after AO compensation are derived using the extended Rytov theory and Meijer G-function. The performance variation of an UWOC system with different parameters is analyzed by simulation.

Recent Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Targeted Delivery Systems of Active Constituents in Natural Medicines for Cancer Treatment.

Owing to high efficacy and safety, natural medicines have found their way into the field of cancer therapy over the past few decades. However, the effective ingredients of natural medicines have shortcomings of poor solubility and low bioavailability. Nanoparticles can not only solve the problems above but also have outstanding targeting ability.

The relationship between hematoma morphology and intraventricular hemorrhage in supratentorial deep intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a strong independent predictor of poor outcomes. Although the location and volume of ICH are associated with IVH, our knowledge concerning the mechanism of IVH after ICH is still limited. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hematoma morphology and IVH in patients with supratentorial deep ICH.