Immuno- and gut microbiota-modulatory activities of β-1,6-glucans from Lentinus edodes.

The β-1,6-glucans from Lentinus edodes have a variety of biological activities. However, the research on extraction and separation of β-1,6-glucans from L. edodes is limited and the yield is low.

Case report: Whole exome sequencing identified a novel mutation (p.Y301H) of in a Chinese family with congenital cataracts.

Background: Congenital cataracts stand as the primary cause of childhood blindness globally, characterized by clouding of the eye's lens at birth or shortly thereafter. Previous investigations have unveiled that a variant in the (MAF) gene can result in Ayme-Gripp syndrome and solitary cataract. Notably, MAF mutations have been infrequently reported in recent years.

Preparation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from L. Flowers.

A novel water-soluble L. flowers polysaccharide (APL) was successfully isolated and purified from L. flowers by hot water extraction.

A genetic variant in gene NDUFAF4 confers the risk of non-small cell lung cancer by perturbing hsa-miR-215 binding.

Hsa-microRNA-215 (hsa-miR-215) plays multiple roles in carcinogenesis through regulating its target genes. Genetic variants in hsa-miR-215 target sites thus may affect hsa-miR-215-mRNA interactions, result in altered expression of target genes and even influence cancer susceptibility. This study aimed to investigate the associations of genetic variants which located in the binding sites of hsa-miR-215 with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) susceptibility in the Chinese population and reveal the potential regulatory mechanism of functional variants in NSCLC development.

Bioactive secondary metabolites isolated from the soft coral derived sp. SCSIO 41038.

Chemical investigation of the sp. SCSIO 41038 led to the isolation and characterization of one new cyclopiazonic acid-type alkaloid, speradine I (), and one new phloroglucinol derivative, speradine J (), along with 13 known compounds. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, and by a comparison with data from the literature.

Case report: Identification of novel variants impacting disulfide bond and causing congenital contractural arachnodactyly.

Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder with clinical features of arthrogryposis, arachnodactyly, crumpled ears, scoliosis, and muscular hypoplasia. The heterozygous pathogenic variants in have been shown to cause CCA. Fibrillin-2 is related to the elasticity of the tissue and has been demonstrated to play an important role in the constitution of extracellular microfibrils in elastic fibers, providing strength and flexibility to the connective tissue that sustains the body's joints and organs.

A new quinolone and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from a sponge-associated fungus sp. SCSIO41033.

The chemical investigation of the EtOAc extract from the solid rice medium cultured with a sponge-associated fungus sp. SCSIO41033 led to the isolation of two quinolones including a new one, penicinolone (), three xanthone derivatives (), and four anthraquinones (). Their structures were determined by comprehensive analysis of H and C NMR, COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectroscopic, and HRESIMS mass spectrometric data.

Changes in serum amino acid levels in non-small cell lung cancer: a case-control study in Chinese population.

Background: Previous studies have shown the alteration of amino acid (AA) profile in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is little data regarding AA profile in NSCLC in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate AA profile in Chinese NSCLC patients, explore its utility in sample classification and further discuss its related metabolic pathways.

Asperbenzophenone A and Versicolamide C, New Fungal Metabolites from the Soft Coral Derived Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41036.

Two new compounds, asperbenzophenone A (1) and versicolamide C (5), together with fifteen known compounds were isolated from a soft coral derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41036. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, ECD analysis, and by a comparison with data from the literature.

Dietary fish and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and cancer survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Fish and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been suggested to play a role in improving cancer prognosis. However, results from epidemiological studies remain inconsistent. Here we assess the association between dietary fish and/or omega-3 PUFAs intake and cancer prognosis with meta-analysis of observational studies.

Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Purpose: There is considerable inconsistency in results regarding the association of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with cancer risk. We therefore conducted this systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to evaluate the relationship between dietary GI/GL and cancer risk.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Web of Science for prospective cohort studies of dietary GI/GL in relation to risks of all types of cancer up to 31 March 2021.

Cyclic Peptides from the Soft Coral-Derived Fungus SCSIO 41031.

Three novel cyclic hexapeptides, sclerotides C-E (-), and a new lipodepsipeptide, scopularide I (), together with a known cyclic hexapeptide sclerotide A (), were isolated from fermented rice cultures of a soft coral-derived fungus: SCSIO 41031. The structures of the new peptides were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, Marfey's method, ESIMS/MS analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Scopularide I () exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity with an IC value of 15.

A Functional Polymorphism in Accessible Chromatin Region Confers Risk of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Chinese Population.

Background: The disease-associated non-coding variants identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were enriched in open chromatin regions (OCRs) and implicated in gene regulation. Genetic variants in OCRs thus may exert regulatory functions and contribute to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) susceptibility.

Objective: To fine map potential functional variants in GWAS loci that contribute to NSCLC predisposition using chromatin accessibility and histone modification data and explore their functions by population study and biochemical experimental analyses.

Structurally diverse polyketides and phenylspirodrimanes from the soft coral-associated fungus Stachybotrys chartarum SCSIO41201.

Four undescribed polyketide derivatives, named arthproliferins A-D (1-4), and one undescribed phenylspirodrimane derivative, named arthproliferin E (7), along with 11 known metabolites (5, 6, 8-16) were isolated from the soft coral-associated fungus Stachybotrys chartarum SCSIO41201. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic methods, X-ray crystallography, and ECD analysis. Compounds 1 and 3-15 were evaluated for their cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities.

Bioactive secondary metabolites from the deep-sea derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41029.

Two new compounds classified as one new lumazine peptide, penilumamide K (1) and one new sesquiterpene (2), were obtained from the deep-sea derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41029, together with eleven known compounds (3-13). The structures of 1-13 including absolute configurations were determined by detailed NMR spectroscopy, HR-ESI-MS, chemical derivatization, and optical rotation data.

Four new steroids from the marine soft coral-derived fungus Penicillium sp. SCSIO41201.

Penicildiones A-D (1-4), four new steroids derivatives together with three known compounds including 16α-methylpregna-17α,19-dihydroxy-(9,11)-epoxy-4-ene-3,18-dione-20-acetoxy (5), stachybotrylactone B (6) and stachybotrin (7) were isolated from the soft coral-derived fungus Penicillium sp. SCSIO41201, cultured in the 1% NaCl PDB substrate. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallography.

Urinary bisphenol A and its interaction with ESR1 genetic polymorphism associated with non-small cell lung cancer: findings from a case-control study in Chinese population.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor, was reported to promote migration and invasion of lung cancer cells, but findings in human study is absent. A case-control study in Chinese population was conducted to evaluate the association between BPA exposure and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and explore the interaction between BPA exposure and estrogen-related genetic polymorphism on NSCLC. BPA concentrations were measured in urine samples using an UHPLC-MS method and rs2046210 in estrogen receptor α (ESR1) gene was genotyped by TaqMan genotyping system.

Nut Consumption and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies.

Background: Epidemiologic studies have investigated the association between nut intake and risk for multiple cancers. However, current findings are inconsistent and no definite conclusion has been drawn from prospective studies. We therefore conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between nut consumption and risk of cancer.

TERT-rs33963617 and CLPTM1L-rs77518573 reduce the risk of non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese population.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 5p15.33 as a susceptible locus for lung cancer. However, for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), low-frequency risk variants in this region have not been systematically studied.

Cytotoxicity of polyketides and steroids isolated from the sponge-associated fungus SCSIO 41017.

Two new polyketides, xerucitrinin A () and coniochaetone M (), and one new steroid, 16-methylpregna-17,19-dihydroxy-(9,11)-epoxy-4-ene-3,18-dione-20-acetoxy (), together with eleven known analogues were isolated from fungus SCSIO 41017 associated with the sponge sp. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by NMR spectra, MS, CD, optical rotation, X-ray crystallography, and compared with literature data. Biological evaluation results revealed that exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell line with IC values of 1.